LeetCode刷题笔记 - 178. Rank Scores

2018-10-17

178.Rank Scores

一、Description：

Write a SQL query to rank scores. If there is a tie between two scores, both should have the same ranking. Note that after a tie, the next ranking number should be the next consecutive integer value. In other words, there should be no “holes” between ranks.

+----+-------+
| Id | Score |
+----+-------+
| 1  | 3.50  |
| 2  | 3.65  |
| 3  | 4.00  |
| 4  | 3.85  |
| 5  | 4.00  |
| 6  | 3.65  |
+----+-------+

For example, given the above Scores table, your query should generate the following report (order by highest score):

+-------+------+
| Score | Rank |
+-------+------+
| 4.00  | 1    |
| 4.00  | 1    |
| 3.85  | 2    |
| 3.65  | 3    |
| 3.65  | 3    |
| 3.50  | 4    |
+-------+------+

二、Solution:

解法一：

#用变量
select Scores.Score as Score, Rank
from Scores
left join (select Score, @rank := @rank + 1 as Rank
from (select distinct Score
from Scores
order by Score desc) t, (select @rank:=0) r) score_rank
on Scores.Score = score_rank.Score
order by Score desc

解法二：

StefanPochmann给出了四种解法：

#方法一：使用两个变量，一个用于当前排名，另一个用于之前的得分。
SELECT
  Score,
  @rank := @rank + (@prev <> (@prev := Score)) Rank
FROM
  Scores,
  (SELECT @rank := 0, @prev := -1) init
ORDER BY Score desc
######看不懂

#方法二：count比它小的数
SELECT
  Score,
  (SELECT count(distinct Score) FROM Scores WHERE Score >= s.Score) Rank
FROM Scores s
ORDER BY Score desc

#与前一个相同，但是速度更快，因为我有一个子查询，它首先“统一”分数。不完全确定为什么它更快，我猜MySQL使tmp成为一个临时表，并使用它的每一个外部得分。
SELECT
  Score,
  (SELECT count(*) FROM (SELECT distinct Score s FROM Scores) tmp WHERE s >= Score) Rank
FROM Scores
ORDER BY Score desc

SELECT s.Score, count(distinct t.score) Rank
FROM Scores s JOIN Scores t ON s.Score <= t.score
GROUP BY s.Id
ORDER BY s.Score desc
######看不懂

解法三：

转载自：https://blog.csdn.net/u013458516/article/details/49744291

-- 解法一 笛卡尔连接 分组计数 排序
SELECT Scores.Score, COUNT(Ranking.Score) AS RANK
  FROM Scores
     , (
       SELECT DISTINCT Score
         FROM Scores
       ) Ranking
-- 等于是分组计数 每个分组中分的都是比自己大或相等的所有distinct元素
 WHERE Scores.Score <= Ranking.Score
 -- 分组
 GROUP BY Scores.Id, Scores.Score 
 -- 组id排序 降序
 ORDER BY Scores.Score DESC; 
 
-- 解法二 mysql自定义变量
SELECT Score, Rank 
FROM(
  SELECT    Score,
-- 每一次都每一行都进行判断和计算
-- 2 当值为Score,返回0, 否则返回1 也就是不重复的自增 重复的不变
            @curRank := @curRank + IF(@prevScore = Score, 0, 1) AS Rank,
            @prevScore := Score
-- 1 初始变量值设置为0
  FROM      Scores s, (SELECT @curRank := 0) r, (SELECT @prevScore := NULL) p
-- 3 降序排列
  ORDER BY  Score DESC
) t;