傅里叶变换算法

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-26 10:04:26 发布
最新推荐文章于 2024-07-26 10:04:26 发布
阅读量1.6w 收藏 12
点赞数 2
分类专栏： 数字滤波算法
版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，遵循 CC 4.0 BY-SA 版权协议，转载请附上原文出处链接和本声明。
本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/xxxx123041/article/details/124565420
版权

算法 c语言

   傅里叶变换的核心在于，“任何连续周期信号可以由一组适当的正弦曲线组合而成”，在这个基础上对信号的中特定频率的正弦波进行分解或者重组，基于频率方面分析波形。

一、傅里叶变换的意义

   近似周期性的方波（橙色），可采用6组正弦波（蓝色）合成，这是傅里叶的基础。
在这里插入图片描述
   对数字信号处理或者工程数学有一定基础，就明白傅里叶变换的价值。一般情况下的信号或者波形随时间变化，称为时域信号，时域（Time domain）是描述数学函数或物理信号对时间的关系。而以频率和幅度表示信号称为频域，频域（frequency domain）是描述信号在频率方面特性时用到的一种坐标系。其数学理论上暂且不理，针对嵌入式系统开发，只探讨其物理意义或者应用场景。
   对数字信号处理或者工程数学有一定基础，就明白傅里叶变换的价值。一般情况下的信号或者波形随时间变化，称为时域信号，时域（Time domain）是描述数学函数或物理信号对时间的关系。而以频率和幅度表示信号称为频域，频域（frequency domain）是描述信号在频率方面特性时用到的一种坐标系。其数学理论上暂且不理，针对嵌入式系统开发，只探讨其物理意义或者应用场景。
在这里插入图片描述
   傅里叶变换是一种信号分析方法，让我们对信号的构成和特点进行深入的、定量的研究。把信号通过频谱的方式进行准确的、定量的描述。将原来难以处理的时域信号转换成了易于分析的频域信号，即傅里叶变换的核心是从时域到频域的变换。

二、变换方式

   数字信号属于离散值，对应的称为离散傅里叶变换（DFT），是傅里叶变换在时域和频域上都呈现离散的形式，将时域信号的采样变换为在离散时间傅里叶变换（DTFT）频域的采样。在形式上，变换两端（时域和频域上）的序列是有限长的，而实际上这两组序列都应当被认为是离散周期信号的主值序列。即使对有限长的离散信号作DFT，也应当将其看作经过周期延拓成为周期信号再作变换。
   在实际应用中通常采用快速傅里叶变换以高效计算效率，快速傅里叶变换 FFT（Fast Fourier Transformation）是离散傅里叶变换 DFT（Discrete Fourier Transform）的快速算法。采用这种算法能使计算机计算离散傅里叶变换所需要的乘法次数大为减少，特别是被变换的抽样点数N越多，FFT算法计算量的节省就越显著。同理，从频域到时域的变换，称为逆变换，快速傅里叶逆变换 IFFT和离散傅里叶逆变换IDFT。

三、应用

   一般嵌入式系统使用快速傅里叶变换是分析某段信号中混合的杂波干扰，或者剔除某个频段后再逆变换。有些高端示波器可以对信号快速傅里叶变换 FFT，直接显示高频杂波的频率或者较大幅度干扰源的频率，以便由针对性的检查电路窜扰。

四、代码

   使用c语言的FFT/IFFT进行处理

include <math.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include "string.h"

typedef struct
{
    float real;
    float imag;
} complex_t;

#ifndef PI
#define PI             (3.14159265)
#endif

#define TYPE_FFT_E     float    /* Type is the same with complex_t member */

typedef complex_t TYPE_FFT;  /* Define complex_t in Config.h */
typedef unsigned int                      uint32_t;

#define     SAMPLE_NODES    (1024)
complex_t   fft_buff[SAMPLE_NODES];

//python生成的3个sin混合的波形数组
float my_sin_wave_table[] =
{
    0.000000,13.308217,25.359460,35.142296,42.082633,46.140080,47.788611,47.887148,47.470293,47.507139,48.682920,51.252751,\
    55.000000,59.307883,63.326941,66.199152,67.286436,66.350198,63.639610,59.866963,56.074110,53.418823,52.928233,55.274323,\
    60.621778,68.582540,78.287693,88.561119,98.156743,106.007043,111.428222,114.237346,114.756729,113.706291,112.009861,\
    110.560634,110.000000,110.560634,112.009861,113.706291,114.756729,114.237346,111.428222,106.007043,98.156743,88.561119,\
    78.287693,68.582540,60.621778,55.274323,52.928233,53.418823,56.074110,59.866963,63.639610,66.350198,67.286436,66.199152,\
    63.326941,59.307883,55.000000,51.252751,48.682920,47.507139,47.470293,47.887148,47.788611,46.140080,42.082633,35.142296,\
    25.359460,13.308217,0.000000,-13.308217,-25.359460,-35.142296,-42.082633,-46.140080,-47.788611,-47.887148,-47.470293,\
    -47.507139,-48.682920,-51.252751,-55.000000,-59.307883,-63.326941,-66.199152,-67.286436,-66.350198,-63.639610,-59.866963,\
    -56.074110,-53.418823,-52.928233,-55.274323,-60.621778,-68.582540,-78.287693,-88.561119,-98.156743,-106.007043,-111.428222,\
    -114.237346,-114.756729,-113.706291,-112.009861,-110.560634,-110.000000,-110.560634,-112.009861,-113.706291,-114.756729,\
    -114.237346,-111.428222,-106.007043,-98.156743,-88.561119,-78.287693,-68.582540,-60.621778,-55.274323,-52.928233,\
    -53.418823,-56.074110,-59.866963,-63.639610,-66.350198,-67.286436,-66.199152,-63.326941,-59.307883,-55.000000,\
    -51.252751,-48.682920,-47.507139,-47.470293,-47.887148,-47.788611,-46.140080,-42.082633,-35.142296,-25.359460,\
    -13.308217,-0.000000,13.308217,25.359460,35.142296,42.082633,46.140080,47.788611,47.887148,47.470293,47.507139,\
    48.682920,51.252751,55.000000,59.307883,63.326941,66.199152,67.286436,66.350198,63.639610,59.866963,56.074110,\
    53.418823,52.928233,55.274323,60.621778,68.582540,78.287693,88.561119,98.156743,106.007043,111.428222,114.237346,\
    114.756729,113.706291,112.009861,110.560634,110.000000,110.560634,112.009861,113.706291,114.756729,114.237346,\
    111.428222,106.007043,98.156743,88.561119,78.287693,68.582540,60.621778,55.274323,52.928233,53.418823,56.074110,\
    59.866963,63.639610,66.350198,67.286436,66.199152,63.326941,59.307883,55.000000,51.252751,48.682920,47.507139,\
    47.470293,47.887148,47.788611,46.140080,42.082633,35.142296,25.359460,13.308217,0.000000,-13.308217,-25.359460,\
    -35.142296,-42.082633,-46.140080,-47.788611,-47.887148,-47.470293,-47.507139,-48.682920,-51.252751,-55.000000,\
    -59.307883,-63.326941,-66.199152,-67.286436,-66.350198,-63.639610,-59.866963,-56.074110,-53.418823,-52.928233,\
    -55.274323,-60.621778,-68.582540,-78.287693,-88.561119,-98.156743,-106.007043,-111.428222,-114.237346,-114.756729,\
    -113.706291,-112.009861,-110.560634,-110.000000,-110.560634,-112.009861,-113.706291,-114.756729,-114.237346,-111.428222,\
    -106.007043,-98.156743,-88.561119,-78.287693,-68.582540,-60.621778,-55.274323,-52.928233,-53.418823,-56.074110,-59.866963,\
    -63.639610,-66.350198,-67.286436,-66.199152,-63.326941,-59.307883,-55.000000,-51.252751,-48.682920,-47.507139,-47.470293,\
    -47.887148,-47.788611,-46.140080,-42.082633,-35.142296,-25.359460,-13.308217,-0.000000,13.308217,25.359460,35.142296,\
    42.082633,46.140080,47.788611,47.887148,47.470293,47.507139,48.682920,51.252751,55.000000,59.307883,63.326941,66.199152,\
    67.286436,66.350198,63.639610,59.866963,56.074110,53.418823,52.928233,55.274323,60.621778,68.582540,78.287693,88.561119,\
    98.156743,106.007043,111.428222,114.237346,114.756729,113.706291,112.009861,110.560634,110.000000,110.560634,112.009861,\
    113.706291,114.756729,114.237346,111.428222,106.007043,98.156743,88.561119,78.287693,68.582540,60.621778,55.274323,\
    52.928233,53.418823,56.074110,59.866963,63.639610,66.350198,67.286436,66.199152,63.326941,59.307883,55.000000,51.252751,\
    48.682920,47.507139,47.470293,47.887148,47.788611,46.140080,42.082633,35.142296,25.359460,13.308217,0.000000,-13.308217,\
    -25.359460,-35.142296,-42.082633,-46.140080,-47.788611,-47.887148,-47.470293,-47.507139,-48.682920,-51.252751,-55.000000,\
    -59.307883,-63.326941,-66.199152,-67.286436,-66.350198,-63.639610,-59.866963,-56.074110,-53.418823,-52.928233,-55.274323,\
    -60.621778,-68.582540,-78.287693,-88.561119,-98.156743,-106.007043,-111.428222,-114.237346,-114.756729,-113.706291,\
    -112.009861,-110.560634,-110.000000,-110.560634,-112.009861,-113.706291,-114.756729,-114.237346,-111.428222,-106.007043,\
    -98.156743,-88.561119,-78.287693,-68.582540,-60.621778,-55.274323,-52.928233,-53.418823,-56.074110,-59.866963,-63.639610,\
    -66.350198,-67.286436,-66.199152,-63.326941,-59.307883,-55.000000,-51.252751,-48.682920,-47.507139,-47.470293,-47.887148,\
    -47.788611,-46.140080,-42.082633,-35.142296,-25.359460,-13.308217,-0.000000,13.308217,25.359460,35.142296,42.082633,\
    46.140080,47.788611,47.887148,47.470293,47.507139,48.682920,51.252751,55.000000,59.307883,63.326941,66.199152,67.286436,\
    66.350198,63.639610,59.866963,56.074110,53.418823,52.928233,55.274323,60.621778,68.582540,78.287693,88.561119,98.156743,\
    106.007043,111.428222,114.237346,114.756729,113.706291,112.009861,110.560634,110.000000,110.560634,112.009861,113.706291,\
    114.756729,114.237346,111.428222,106.007043,98.156743,88.561119,78.287693,68.582540,60.621778,55.274323,52.928233,53.418823,\
    56.074110,59.866963,63.639610,66.350198,67.286436,66.199152,63.326941,59.307883,55.000000,51.252751,48.682920,47.507139,\
    47.470293,47.887148,47.788611,46.140080,42.082633,35.142296,25.359460,13.308217,0.000000,-13.308217,-25.359460,-35.142296,\
    -42.082633,-46.140080,-47.788611,-47.887148,-47.470293,-47.507139,-48.682920,-51.252751,-55.000000,-59.307883,-63.326941,\
    -66.199152,-67.286436,-66.350198,-63.639610,-59.866963,-56.074110,-53.418823,-52.928233,-55.274323,-60.621778,-68.582540,\
    -78.287693,-88.561119,-98.156743,-106.007043,-111.428222,-114.237346,-114.756729,-113.706291,-112.009861,-110.560634,\
    -110.000000,-110.560634,-112.009861,-113.706291,-114.756729,-114.237346,-111.428222,-106.007043,-98.156743,-88.561119,\
    -78.287693,-68.582540,-60.621778,-55.274323,-52.928233,-53.418823,-56.074110,-59.866963,-63.639610,-66.350198,-67.286436,\
    -66.199152,-63.326941,-59.307883,-55.000000,-51.252751,-48.682920,-47.507139,-47.470293,-47.887148,-47.788611,-46.140080,\
    -42.082633,-35.142296,-25.359460,-13.308217,-0.000000,13.308217,25.359460,35.142296,42.082633,46.140080,47.788611,47.887148,\
    47.470293,47.507139,48.682920,51.252751,55.000000,59.307883,63.326941,66.199152,67.286436,66.350198,63.639610,59.866963,\
    56.074110,53.418823,52.928233,55.274323,60.621778,68.582540,78.287693,88.561119,98.156743,106.007043,111.428222,114.237346,\
    114.756729,113.706291,112.009861,110.560634,110.000000,110.560634,112.009861,113.706291,114.756729,114.237346,111.428222,\
    106.007043,98.156743,88.561119,78.287693,68.582540,60.621778,55.274323,52.928233,53.418823,56.074110,59.866963,63.639610,\
    66.350198,67.286436,66.199152,63.326941,59.307883,55.000000,51.252751,48.682920,47.507139,47.470293,47.887148,47.788611,\
    46.140080,42.082633,35.142296,25.359460,13.308217,0.000000,-13.308217,-25.359460,-35.142296,-42.082633,-46.140080,-47.788611,\
    -47.887148,-47.470293,-47.507139,-48.682920,-51.252751,-55.000000,-59.307883,-63.326941,-66.199152,-67.286436,-66.350198,\
    -63.639610,-59.866963,-56.074110,-53.418823,-52.928233,-55.274323,-60.621778,-68.582540,-78.287693,-88.561119,-98.156743,\
    -106.007043,-111.428222,-114.237346,-114.756729,-113.706291,-112.009861,-110.560634,-110.000000,-110.560634,-112.009861,\
    -113.706291,-114.756729,-114.237346,-111.428222,-106.007043,-98.156743,-88.561119,-78.287693,-68.582540,-60.621778,-55.274323,\
    -52.928233,-53.418823,-56.074110,-59.866963,-63.639610,-66.350198,-67.286436,-66.199152,-63.326941,-59.307883,-55.000000,\
    -51.252751,-48.682920,-47.507139,-47.470293,-47.887148,-47.788611,-46.140080,-42.082633,-35.142296,-25.359460,-13.308217,\
    -0.000000,13.308217,25.359460,35.142296,42.082633,46.140080,47.788611,47.887148,47.470293,47.507139,48.682920,51.252751,\
    55.000000,59.307883,63.326941,66.199152,67.286436,66.350198,63.639610,59.866963,56.074110,53.418823,52.928233,55.274323,\
    60.621778,68.582540,78.287693,88.561119,98.156743,106.007043,111.428222,114.237346,114.756729,113.706291,112.009861,\
    110.560634,110.000000,110.560634,112.009861,113.706291,114.756729,114.237346,111.428222,106.007043,98.156743,88.561119,\
    78.287693,68.582540,60.621778,55.274323,52.928233,53.418823,56.074110,59.866963,63.639610,66.350198,67.286436,66.199152,\
    63.326941,59.307883,55.000000,51.252751,48.682920,47.507139,47.470293,47.887148,47.788611,46.140080,42.082633,35.142296,\
    25.359460,13.308217,0.000000,-13.308217,-25.359460,-35.142296,-42.082633,-46.140080,-47.788611,-47.887148,-47.470293,\
    -47.507139,-48.682920,-51.252751,-55.000000,-59.307883,-63.326941,-66.199152,-67.286436,-66.350198,-63.639610,-59.866963,\
    -56.074110,-53.418823,-52.928233,-55.274323,-60.621778,-68.582540,-78.287693,-88.561119,-98.156743,-106.007043,-111.428222,\
    -114.237346,-114.756729,-113.706291,-112.009861,-110.560634,-110.000000,-110.560634,-112.009861,-113.706291,-114.756729,\
    -114.237346,-111.428222,-106.007043,-98.156743,-88.561119,-78.287693,-68.582540,-60.621778,-55.274323,-52.928233,-53.418823,\
    -56.074110,-59.866963,-63.639610,-66.350198,-67.286436,-66.199152,-63.326941,-59.307883,-55.000000,-51.252751,-48.682920,\
    -47.507139,-47.470293,-47.887148,-47.788611,-46.140080,-42.082633,-35.142296,-25.359460,-13.308217,-0.000000,13.308217,\
    25.359460,35.142296,42.082633,46.140080,47.788611,47.887148,47.470293,47.507139,48.682920,51.252751,55.000000,59.307883,\
    63.326941,66.199152,67.286436,66.350198,63.639610,59.866963,56.074110,53.418823,52.928233,55.274323,60.621778,68.582540,\
    78.287693,88.561119,98.156743,106.007043,111.428222,114.237346,114.756729,113.706291,112.009861,110.560634,110.000000,\
    110.560634,112.009861,113.706291,114.756729,114.237346,111.428222,106.007043,98.156743,88.561119,78.287693,68.582540,\
    60.621778,55.274323,52.928233,53.418823,56.074110,59.866963,63.639610,66.350198,67.286436,66.199152,63.326941,59.307883,\
    55.000000,51.252751,48.682920,47.507139,47.470293,47.887148,47.788611,46.140080,42.082633,35.142296,25.359460,13.308217,\
    0.000000,-13.308217,-25.359460,-35.142296,-42.082633,-46.140080,-47.788611,-47.887148,-47.470293,-47.507139,-48.682920,\
    -51.252751,-55.000000,-59.307883,-63.326941,-66.199152,-67.286436,-66.350198,-63.639610,-59.866963,-56.074110,-53.418823,\
    -52.928233,-55.274323,-60.621778,-68.582540,-78.287693,-88.561119,-98.156743,-106.007043,-111.428222,-114.237346,-114.756729,\
    -113.706291,-112.009861,-110.560634,-110.000000,-110.560634,-112.009861,-113.706291,-114.756729,-114.237346,-111.428222,\
    -106.007043,-98.156743,-88.561119,-78.287693,-68.582540,-60.621778,-55.274323,-52.928233,-53.418823,-56.074110,-59.866963,\
    -63.639610,-66.350198,-67.286436,-66.199152,-63.326941,-59.307883,-55.000000,-51.252751,-48.682920,-47.507139,-47.470293,\
    -47.887148,-47.788611,-46.140080,-42.082633,-35.142296,-25.359460,-13.308217,-0.000000,13.308217,25.359460,35.142296,\
    42.082633,46.140080,47.788611,47.887148,47.470293,47.507139,48.682920,51.252751,55.000000,59.307883,63.326941,66.199152,\
    67.286436,66.350198,63.639610,59.866963,56.074110,53.418823,52.928233,55.274323,60.621778,68.582540,78.287693,88.561119,\
    98.156743,106.007043,111.428222,114.237346,114.756729,113.706291,112.009861,110.560634,110.000000,110.560634,112.009861,\
    113.706291,114.756729,114.237346,111.428222,106.007043,98.156743,88.561119,78.287693,68.582540,60.621778,55.274323,52.928233,\
    53.418823,56.074110,59.866963,63.639610,66.350198,67.286436,66.199152,63.326941,59.307883,55.000000,51.252751,48.682920,\
    47.507139,47.470293,47.887148,47.788611,46.140080,42.082633,35.142296,25.359460,13.308217,0.000000,-13.308217,-25.359460,\
    -35.142296,-42.082633,-46.140080,-47.788611,-47.887148,-47.470293,-47.507139,-48.682920,-51.252751,-55.000000,-59.307883,\
    -63.326941,-66.199152,-67.286436,-66.350198,-63.639610,-59.866963,-56.074110,-53.418823,-52.928233,-55.274323,-60.621778,\
    -68.582540,-78.287693,-88.561119,-98.156743,-106.007043,-111.428222,-114.237346,-114.756729,-113.706291,-112.009861,\
    -110.560634,-110.000000,-110.560634,-112.009861,-113.706291,-114.756729,-114.237346,-111.428222,-106.007043,-98.156743,\
    -88.561119,-78.287693,-68.582540,-60.621778,-55.274323,-52.928233,-53.418823,-56.074110,-59.866963,-63.639610,-66.350198,\
    -67.286436,-66.199152,-63.326941,-59.307883,-55.000000,-51.252751,-48.682920,-47.507139,-47.470293,-47.887148,-47.788611,\
    -46.140080,-42.082633,-35.142296,-25.359460,-13.308217,
};

//fft算法来自开源 https://github.com/xiahouzuoxin/fft

const float sin_tb[] =    // 精度(PI PI/2 PI/4 PI/8 PI/16 ... PI/(2^k))
{
        0.000000, 1.000000, 0.707107, 0.382683, 0.195090, 0.098017,
        0.049068, 0.024541, 0.012272, 0.006136, 0.003068, 0.001534,
        0.000767, 0.000383, 0.000192, 0.000096, 0.000048, 0.000024,
        0.000012, 0.000006, 0.000003
        };

const float cos_tb[] =    // 精度(PI PI/2 PI/4 PI/8 PI/16 ... PI/(2^k))
{
        -1.000000, 0.000000, 0.707107, 0.923880, 0.980785, 0.995185,
        0.998795, 0.999699, 0.999925, 0.999981, 0.999995, 0.999999,
        1.000000, 1.000000, 1.000000, 1.000000, 1.000000, 1.000000,
        1.000000, 1.000000, 1.000000
        };


int ones_32(uint32_t n)
{
    unsigned int c = 0 ;
    for(c = 0; n; ++c)
    {
        n &= (n - 1) ;
    }

    return c ;
}


uint32_t floor_log2_32(uint32_t fft_buff)
{
    fft_buff |= (fft_buff >> 1);
    fft_buff |= (fft_buff >> 2);
    fft_buff |= (fft_buff >> 4);
    fft_buff |= (fft_buff >> 8);
    fft_buff |= (fft_buff >> 16);

    return (ones_32(fft_buff >> 1));
}


/*
 * FFT Algorithm
 * === Inputs ===
 * fft_buff : complex numbers
 * N : nodes of FFT. @N should be power of 2, that is 2^(*)
 * === Output ===
 * the @fft_buff contains the result of FFT algorithm, so the original data
 * in @fft_buff is destroyed, please store them before using FFT.
 */
int fft(TYPE_FFT *fft_buff, uint32_t N)
{
    int i, j, l, k, ip;
    static uint32_t M = 0;
    static int le, le2;
    static TYPE_FFT_E sR, sI, tR, tI, uR, uI;

    M = floor_log2_32(N);

    /*
     * bit reversal sorting
     */

    l = N >> 1;
    j = l;
    ip = N - 2;
    for(i = 1; i <= ip; i++)
    {
        if(i < j)
        {
            tR = fft_buff[j].real;
            tI = fft_buff[j].imag;
            fft_buff[j].real = fft_buff[i].real;
            fft_buff[j].imag = fft_buff[i].imag;
            fft_buff[i].real = tR;
            fft_buff[i].imag = tI;
        }

        k = l;

        while(k <= j)
        {
            j = j - k;
            k = k >> 1;
        }

        j = j + k;
    }

    /*
     * For Loops
     */

    for(l = 1; l <= M; l++)  /* loop for ceil{log2(N)} */
    {
        le  = (int)(1 << l);
        le2 = (int)(le >> 1);
        uR = 1;
        uI = 0;

        k = floor_log2_32(le2);
        sR = cos_tb[k];
        sI = -sin_tb[k];

        for(j = 1; j <= le2; j++)  /* loop for each sub DFT */
        {
            for(i = j - 1; i < N; i += le) /* loop for each butterfly */
            {
                ip = i + le2;
                tR = fft_buff[ip].real * uR - fft_buff[ip].imag * uI;
                tI = fft_buff[ip].real * uI + fft_buff[ip].imag * uR;
                fft_buff[ip].real = fft_buff[i].real - tR;
                fft_buff[ip].imag = fft_buff[i].imag - tI;
                fft_buff[i].real += tR;
                fft_buff[i].imag += tI;
            }  /* Next i */

            tR = uR;
            uR = tR * sR - uI * sI;
            uI = tR * sI + uI * sR;

        } /* Next j */

    } /* Next l */

    return 0;
}


/*
 * Inverse FFT Algorithm
 * === Inputs ===
 * fft_buff : complex numbers
 * N : nodes of FFT. @N should be power of 2, that is 2^(*)
 * === Output ===
 * the @fft_buff contains the result of FFT algorithm, so the original data
 * in @fft_buff is destroyed, please store them before using FFT.
 */

int ifft(TYPE_FFT *fft_buff, uint32_t N)
{
    int k = 0;

    for(k = 0; k <= N - 1; k++)
    {
        fft_buff[k].imag = -fft_buff[k].imag;
    }

    fft(fft_buff, N);    /* using FFT */

    for(k = 0; k <= N - 1; k++)
    {
        fft_buff[k].real = fft_buff[k].real / N;
        fft_buff[k].imag = -fft_buff[k].imag / N;
    }

    return 0;
}

static void import_data(void)
{
    int i;

    for(i = 0; i < SAMPLE_NODES; i++)
    {
        fft_buff[i].real = my_sin_wave_table[i];//取前1024个数进行fft变换
        fft_buff[i].imag  = 0.0f;
    }
}


int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    int i;
    int f;//频率
    float a;//幅度
    int fd;
    float t;

    printf("FFT\r\n");

    import_data();

    fft(fft_buff, SAMPLE_NODES);

    //fft后的结果在fft_buff
    //将其实部与虚部处理，输出频点与幅度值，导入Excel看效果
    //因为是周期性质，取前半部分即可

    //数据采样频率是360*40，均分到SAMPLE_NODES，则对应频点间隔是 360*40/SAMPLE_NODES
    fd=360*40/SAMPLE_NODES;

    for(i = 0; i < SAMPLE_NODES / 2; i++)
    {
        f = i *fd;
        a = (double)sqrt(fft_buff[i].real * fft_buff[i].real + fft_buff[i].imag * fft_buff[i].imag)/ (SAMPLE_NODES / 2);//转换幅度
        //printf("%d,%f\n", f, a);//>>导入excel查看幅频图效果
    }

    //过滤高频部分
    //将幅度小于某个值的，以30为例过滤
    for(i = 0; i < SAMPLE_NODES; i++)
    {
        a = (double)sqrt(fft_buff[i].real * fft_buff[i].real + fft_buff[i].imag * fft_buff[i].imag)/ (SAMPLE_NODES / 2);
        if(a<30)
        {
            fft_buff[i].real = 0;
            fft_buff[i].imag = 0;
        }
    }

    //再进行逆运算还原
    ifft(fft_buff, SAMPLE_NODES);
    for(i = 0; i < SAMPLE_NODES; i++)
    {
        t=1.0/(360*40)*i;//结合采样频率步进，方便查看波形效果
        //printf("%f,%f\n", t,fft_buff[i].real);//>>导入excel查看还原后的sin效果
    }

    return 0;
}

五、应用

   傅里叶变换在数字信号领域中应用广泛，在嵌入式系统中，一般用来分析ADC高速采集的数据、滤波处理，或者对音频进行简单分析。但傅里叶变换算法内存消耗有点大，低端设备可能无法运行。

温人之周.
关注
  • 2
    点赞
  • 踩
  • 12
    收藏
    觉得还不错? 一键收藏
  • 0
    评论
专栏目录
完整的快速傅里叶变换算法(vc)
10-27
函数FFT1D完成了快速傅里叶变换的核心算法，其中ComplexNumber是个复数定义。
傅里叶变换算法的matlab仿真设计
07-02
atlab提供了丰富的函数库来支持傅里叶变换的实现，其中最常用的是fft函数和ifft函数。fft函数可以将一个时域信号转化为对应的频域信号，而ifft函数则可以进行反变换，将频域信号转化回时域信号。这两个函数的使用...
音频通过FFT转换为频谱的方式
luoqice的博客
11-21 1029
要将音频数据转换为频谱，通常需要使用傅里叶变换来进行频域分析。在 C 语言中，你可以使用开源库如 FFTW (Fastest Fourier Transform in the West) 来方便地进行傅里叶变换和频谱计算。请将输入的音频文件名命名为 “input.pcm”，并根据需要修改优化参数。这个示例代码会将输入音频数据分块读取到缓冲区，并逐块进行频谱计算。你可以根据需要对频谱数据进行进一步处理，例如绘图、输出等。请确保你已经安装了 FFTW 开源库，并在编译时进行相应的链接。
到底什么是傅里叶变换
CZP_king的博客
06-07 980
我们人类能看到的，能听到的视角是时域图像，这也是最普通的示波器能观察到的图像，也就是说我们人类视角是从左往右看的，我们的耳朵，眼睛等决定了我们的视角就是这样的。但是事实难道就是二维的吗，显然不是，只不过我们的视角是二维的，但是实际世界是还有另外一个维度的，只不过我们只能看到我们的视角。好了，那什么是傅里叶变换呢，实际上就是你开了一个外挂，你由原来的二维视角变成了三维视角，你能看到更多的东西，你能看到你的关卡是由一个个boss组成的，你也知道他们什么时候会来，来的是什么。3. 傅里叶变换的过程。
从头到尾彻底理解傅里叶变换算法
05-03 6471
http://blog.csdn.net/v_JULY_v/article/details/6196862 作者：July、dznlong   二零一一年二月二十日 前言 第一部分、  DFT 第一章、傅立叶变换的由来 第二章、实数形式离散傅立叶变换（Real DFT） 从头到尾彻底理解傅里叶变换算法、下 第三章、复数 第四章、复数形式离散傅立叶变换   前言： “关于傅立叶
【算法】详解傅里叶变换
qq_41985559的博客
10-02 4508
傅立叶变换是一种分析信号的方法，它可分析信号的成分，也可用这些成分合成信号。许多波形可作为信号的成分，比如正弦波、方波、锯 齿波等，傅立叶变换用正弦波作为信号的成分。 f(t)是t的周期函数，如果t满足狄里赫莱条件：在一个以2T为周期内f(X)连续或只有有限个第一类间断点，附f（x）单调或可划分成有限个单调 区间，则F（x）以2T为周期的傅里叶级数收敛，和函数S（x）也是以2T为周期的周期函数，...
嵌入式算法16-傅里叶变换算法
嵌入式系统程序员
03-09 2770
任何连续周期信号可以由一组适当的正弦曲线组合而成
【算法】快速傅里叶变换(FFT)——有史以来最巧妙的算法？
Carol0630的博客
04-13 5171
参考：快速傅里叶变换(FFT)——有史以来最巧妙的算法？ 参考：快速傅里叶变换（FFT）超详解 快速傅里叶变换 (Fast Fourier Transform)，即利用计算机计算离散傅里叶变换（DFT）的高效、快速计算方法的统称，简称FFT，于1965年由J.W.库利和T.W.图基提出。 总结：FFT极大的加快了算法的计算速度，时间复杂度降低一个数量级别。 1、多项式的系数与点值表示 ...
傅里叶变换算法应用
11-21
本文由浅入深讲解了傅里叶变换的原理，非常适合初学者和有一定基础的的人员。在理论讲解完成之后，还利用在数字图像处理、人脸识别等实际应用的例子，更加具体的对傅里叶变换的应用场景进行了详细的描述。是关于...
分治法：快速傅里叶变换算法.pdf
09-30
快速傅里叶变换算法 快速傅里叶变换（Fast Fourier Transform，FFT）是一种快速算法，用于计算离散傅里叶变换（Discrete Fourier Transform，DFT）。 FFT 是一种分治法的实现，通过将原始问题分解成规模更小的子...
稀疏快速傅里叶变换算法
05-29
稀疏快速傅里叶变换算法
基于C语言的快速傅里叶变换FFT算法（含详细注释）
06-23
简单易懂的程序，对于处理数据的具体要求可以根据注释修改。
快速傅里叶变换FFT算法完整实现C++代码
03-10
快速傅里叶变换FFT算法完整实现C++代码 附带详细注释和数十组测试数据
快速傅里叶变换和卷积算法（努斯鲍默）pdf
01-08
快速傅里叶变换和卷积算法（努斯鲍默）快速傅里叶变换和卷积算法（努斯鲍默）
C#快速FFT，傅里叶变换，频谱图计算
12-03
C#代码，FFT计算过程，傅里叶变换，虚拟示波器产品项目实测结果可靠。
从头到尾彻底理解傅里叶变换算法、下
10-02
关于傅立叶变换，无论是书本还是在网上可以很容易找到关于傅立叶变换的描述，但是大都是些故弄玄虚的文章，太过抽象，尽是一些让人看了就望而生畏的公式的罗列，让人很难能够从感性上得到理解。这是一份很好的傅里叶算法的入门资料
快速傅里叶变换算法与应用
08-21
快速傅里叶变换算法与应用，电子书，好不容易找到，希望对你的学习工作有帮助，如果觉得不错，请支持正版。
【算法】傅里叶变换
最新发布
wnm23的专栏
07-26 705
傅里叶变换的基本思想是将一个时域信号分解为多个不同频率的正弦和余弦波的叠加。：相比DFT，FFT通过减少乘法次数来提高计算效率，时间复杂度降低到 𝑂(𝑁log⁡𝑁)O(NlogN)。在实际应用中，例如一个音频处理服务，可以使用傅里叶变换来实现频谱分析或音频特征提取。其中，𝑋[𝑘]X[k] 是信号 𝑥[𝑛]x[n] 的傅里叶变换，𝑁N 是样本点数。：基于定义进行计算，时间复杂度为 𝑂(𝑛2)O(n2)，适用于小规模数据。：最常用的高效算法，时间复杂度为 𝑂(𝑛log⁡𝑛)O(nlogn)。
10.傅里叶变换——傅里叶变换、计算傅里叶变换_3
热门推荐
Tom的专栏
03-27 1万+
目录 傅里叶变换 计算傅里叶变换 傅里叶变换 鉴于这种想法，任何信号，当然任何周期性信号，都可以由一系列正弦曲线组成，我们将开始从级数（Series）的概念转向连续信号的概念。我们将要讨论一些东西，这些东西可以让我们知道图像中任意给定频率的功率有多大。也就是说，我们想把图像从某样东西上变换过来，该东西是时间的函数，或者仅仅是空间的函数，从而知道它的频率是多少。这种变换被称为什么？它叫做傅里...
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

个

红包个数最小为10个

元

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43元 前往充值 >
需支付：10.00元
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付元
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明：

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币，按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载，可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值