SSM整合流程

本文详细介绍了如何在Java环境中使用Spring MVC与MyBatis进行项目搭建,包括环境配置、数据表操作、Maven项目构建、Spring MVC与web.xml配置、DAO与Service测试,以及事务管理。通过一步步教程,帮助读者理解关键步骤和常见问题解决策略。
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目录

开发环境

创建测试数据表

创建maven项目

修改pom文件

修改web.xml

构建springmvc

1、在web中对springmvc配置servlet

 配置springmvc.xml 

 2、测试springmvc搭建

构建spring+mybatis

 1、创建相关类,entity,dao

 2、在resources文件夹下配置spring相关配置文件

3、测试spring+mybatis搭建

1)测试dao层相关

2)测试事务相关的

总结 


开发环境

idea2020.1.1,maven3.3.9,tomcat9.0.20,jdk1.8,mysql5.7.32,sqlyog

创建测试数据表

CREATE TABLE `t_student` (
  `id` INT(11) NOT NULL,
  `name` VARCHAR(80) DEFAULT NULL,
  `email` VARCHAR(100) DEFAULT NULL,
  `age` INT(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
INSERT INTO t_student (id,NAME,email,age)
VALUES('1001','zhangsan','zs@qq.com','20'),
('1002','lisi','ls@qq.com','21')

创建maven项目

修改pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
         http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.xypower</groupId>
  <artifactId>ssmtest</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <!--  单元测试依赖-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.12-beta-3</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
      <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--    springmvc-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--spring事务管理-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
      <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
      <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--mybatis-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
      <version>3.4.6</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
      <version>2.0.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--msyql-Connector-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.46</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--Druid-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
      <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
      <version>1.1.12</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--jsp/jstl/servlet-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.1.0</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.0</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <resources>
      <resource>
        <directory>src/main/java</directory>
        <includes>
          <include>*.xml</include>
          <include>**/*.xml</include>
        </includes>
        <filtering>true</filtering>
      </resource>
    </resources>
  </build>
</project>

修改web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
         http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">

</web-app>

构建springmvc

1、在web中对springmvc配置servlet

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
         http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <!--自定义读取springmvc的配置文件路径-->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

在项目结构文件夹resources中创建springmvc.xml

 配置springmvc.xml 

1)加入组件扫描器,在java文件夹下创建controller文件夹

2)加入注解驱动(注意是mvc的)

3)配置静态资源访问

4)定义视图解析器,在WEB-INF下创建jsp文件夹

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!--组件扫描器-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.xypower.controller"/>
<!--注解驱动-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!--配置静态资源-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!--定义视图解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

 2、测试springmvc搭建

1)在controller文件夹中创建controller类---StudentController

package com.xypower.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class StudentController {
    @RequestMapping("/list")
    public String show(){
        return "list";
    }
}

2)在WEB-INF/jsp文件夹中创建jsp页面---list.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%
    String path = request.getContextPath();
    String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://" + request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort() + path + "/";
%>
<html>
<head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    <title>显示所有用户</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>用户列表</h1>
<hr/>
</body>
</html>

3)配置本地服务器tomcat

 运行tomcat,浏览器访问                                                  http://localhost:8080/ssmtest/user/listhttp://localhost:8080/user/list

如果显示页面则配置成功了

构建spring+mybatis

 1、创建相关类,entity,dao

在main/java文件夹下创建entity文件夹----Student

package com.xypower.entity;

public class Student {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private String email;
    private Integer age;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", email='" + email + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
}

 在main/java文件下创建mapper文件夹----StudentMapper接口以及映射文件

package com.xypower.mapper;

import com.xypower.entity.Student;

import java.util.List;

public interface StudentMapper {
    List<Student> list();
    Student selectById(Integer id);
}

 StudentMapper接口的映射文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.xypower.mapper.StudentMapper">
    <select id="list" resultType="Student">
        select id,name,email,age
        from t_student
    </select>
    <select id="selectById" resultType="Student">
        select id,name,email,age
        from t_student
        where id=#{id}
    </select>
</mapper>

 2、在resources文件夹下配置spring相关配置文件

在resources文件夹下创建并配置applicationContext-dao.xml(dao层相关)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:contexg="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--主要实现spring对dao层的管理-->
    <contexg:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
<!--配置数据源-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
        <property name="initialSize" value="${jdbc.init}"/>
        <property name="maxActive" value="${jdbc.maxActive}"/>
        <property name="minIdle" value="${jdbc.minIdle}"/>
    </bean>
<!--SqlsessionFactory-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
    </bean>
<!--Mapper接口扫描-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.xypower.mapper"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

在resources文件夹下创建并定义jdbc.properties

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmtest?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456
jdbc.init=5
jdbc.minIdle=3
jdbc.maxActive=5

在resources文件夹下创建并配置mybatis-config.xml文件 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <!--设置别名-->
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.xypower.entity"/>
    </typeAliases>
</configuration>

在resources文件夹下创建并配置applicationContext-tx.xml(事务相关的)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<!--事务管理器-->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>
<!--启动事务注解-->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
</beans>

3、测试spring+mybatis搭建

1)测试dao层相关

 在test/java文件夹下创建测试类StudentMapperTest

package com.xypower.mapper;

import com.xypower.entity.Student;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;


@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext-dao.xml")
public class StudentMapperTest {
    @Autowired
    private StudentMapper studentMapper;
    @Test
    public void test1(){
       Student stu = studentMapper.selectById(1001);
        System.out.println(stu);
    }
}

2)测试事务相关的

在java/main文件夹下创建service文件夹----StudentService接口

package com.xypower.service;

import com.xypower.entity.Student;

import java.util.List;

public interface StudentService {
    List<Student> list();
    Student selectById(Integer id);
}

在service文件夹下创建impl文件夹----StudentServiceImpl实现类

package com.xypower.service.impl;

import com.xypower.entity.Student;
import com.xypower.mapper.StudentMapper;
import com.xypower.service.StudentService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.List;
@Service
public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService {
    @Autowired
    private StudentMapper studentMapper;
    @Override
    public List<Student> list() {
        return studentMapper.list();
    }

    @Override
    public Student selectById(Integer id) {
        return studentMapper.selectById(id);
    }
}

在resources文件夹下创建并配置applicationContext-service.xml(service层相关的)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.xypower.service"/>
</beans>

修改controller文件夹下的StudentController类

package com.xypower.controller;

import com.xypower.entity.Student;
import com.xypower.service.StudentService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import java.util.List;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class StudentController {
    @Autowired
    private StudentService studentService;
    @RequestMapping("/list")
    public String show(Model model){
        List<Student> list = studentService.list();
        model.addAttribute("list",list);
        return "list";
    }
}

 修改WEB-INF/jsp文件夹下的list.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%
    String path = request.getContextPath();
    String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://" + request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort() + path + "/";
%>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    <title>显示所有用户</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>用户列表</h1>
<hr/>
<table border="1">
    <tr>
        <th>编号</th>
        <th>姓名</th>
        <th>邮箱</th>
        <th>年龄</th>
    </tr>
    <c:forEach items="${list}" var="s">
        <tr>
            <th>${s.id}</th>
            <th>${s.name}</th>
            <th>${s.email}</th>
            <th>${s.age}</th>
            <th><a href="#">编辑</a>&nbsp;<a href="#">删除</a></th>
        </tr>
    </c:forEach>
</table>
</body>
</html>

最后,整合监听spring容器,在web.xml中配置监听器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
         http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    <!--监听spring容器-->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext-*.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
<!--前端控制器-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <!--自定义读取springmvc的配置文件路径-->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

  运行tomcat,浏览器访问                                                  http://localhost:8080/ssmtest/user/listhttp://localhost:8080/user/list

总结 

只要熟记了步骤,在搭建过程遇到的问题也很容易解决,总结下遇到最多的问题,就是加入监听器后tomcat报错创建对象失败,找不到对象service等等。

我解决的思路是:查看web中监听器引用路径是否正确,resources下文件是否编译在target中,service实现类是否添加@service等注解,其他是否添加注解,idea是否配置了applicationContext.xml

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