LeeCode 109.Convert Sorted List to Binary Search Tree(将排序链表转化为BST) 解题思路和方法

Given a singly linked list where elements are sorted in ascending order, convert it to a height balanced BST.

思路:此题与排序数组很大的不同是链表不知道长度以及上面的值。其整体思路还是中间值作为根节点,但是需要一点策略,不然就会超时。

先整体遍历长度之后,将长度保存,这样就不需要每次都遍历链表了。

代码如下:

/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * public class ListNode {
 *     int val;
 *     ListNode next;
 *     ListNode(int x) { val = x; }
 * }
 */
/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode left;
 *     TreeNode right;
 *     TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
 * }
 */
public class Solution {
    public TreeNode sortedListToBST(ListNode head) {
    	/**
    	 * 先计算出链表的整体长度
    	 * 然后得出中间值,将中间值作为根节点
    	 * 中间值的前的链表截断作为左子树
    	 * 中间值后的链表截断作为右子树
    	 */
        int len = 0;
        ListNode p = head;
        while(head != null){
            head = head.next;
            len++;
        }
        return BST(p,len);
    }
    /**
     * head 头结点
     * len 链表长度
     */ 
    private TreeNode BST(ListNode head, int len){
        if(len <= 0){
            return null;
        }
        if(len == 1){
            return new TreeNode(head.val);
        }
        int mid = 0;
        ListNode p = head;
        ListNode nextHead = null;
        //得到中间值
        while(++mid < len/2){
            p = p.next;
        }
        nextHead = p.next;//根节点
        p.next = null;
        TreeNode root = new TreeNode(nextHead.val);
        //左右子树
        root.left = BST(head,mid);
        root.right = BST(nextHead.next,len-mid-1);
        return root;
    }
    
}



【Solution】 To convert a binary search tree into a sorted circular doubly linked list, we can use the following steps: 1. Inorder traversal of the binary search tree to get the elements in sorted order. 2. Create a doubly linked list and add the elements from the inorder traversal to it. 3. Make the list circular by connecting the head and tail nodes. 4. Return the head node of the circular doubly linked list. Here's the Python code for the solution: ``` class Node: def __init__(self, val): self.val = val self.prev = None self.next = None def tree_to_doubly_list(root): if not root: return None stack = [] cur = root head = None prev = None while cur or stack: while cur: stack.append(cur) cur = cur.left cur = stack.pop() if not head: head = cur if prev: prev.right = cur cur.left = prev prev = cur cur = cur.right head.left = prev prev.right = head return head ``` To verify the accuracy of the code, we can use the following test cases: ``` # Test case 1 # Input: [4,2,5,1,3] # Output: # Binary search tree: # 4 # / \ # 2 5 # / \ # 1 3 # Doubly linked list: 1 <-> 2 <-> 3 <-> 4 <-> 5 # Doubly linked list in reverse order: 5 <-> 4 <-> 3 <-> 2 <-> 1 root = Node(4) root.left = Node(2) root.right = Node(5) root.left.left = Node(1) root.left.right = Node(3) head = tree_to_doubly_list(root) print("Binary search tree:") print_tree(root) print("Doubly linked list:") print_list(head) print("Doubly linked list in reverse order:") print_list_reverse(head) # Test case 2 # Input: [2,1,3] # Output: # Binary search tree: # 2 # / \ # 1 3 # Doubly linked list: 1 <-> 2 <-> 3 # Doubly linked list in reverse order: 3 <-> 2 <-> 1 root = Node(2) root.left = Node(1) root.right = Node(3) head = tree_to_doubly_list(root) print("Binary search tree:") print_tree(root) print("Doubly linked list:") print_list(head) print("Doubly linked list in reverse order:") print_list_reverse(head) ``` The output of the test cases should match the expected output as commented in the code.
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