运行级别 - 如何判断当前系统是图形化安装还是命令行标准安装？

运行级别是什么

运行级别在CentoS6和CentOS7中的表现形式略有不同，最常用的运行级别是：图形界面模式和多人命令行模式

当前运行级别查看

/etc/inittab              #配置文件
runlevel                  #CentOS6
systemctl get-default     #CentOS7

CentOS6 /etc/inittab 文件内容示例

cat /etc/inittab
# inittab is only used by upstart for the default runlevel.
#
# ADDING OTHER CONFIGURATION HERE WILL HAVE NO EFFECT ON YOUR SYSTEM.
#
# System initialization is started by /etc/init/rcS.conf
#
# Individual runlevels are started by /etc/init/rc.conf
#
# Ctrl-Alt-Delete is handled by /etc/init/control-alt-delete.conf
#
# Terminal gettys are handled by /etc/init/tty.conf and /etc/init/serial.conf,
# with configuration in /etc/sysconfig/init.
#
# For information on how to write upstart event handlers, or how
# upstart works, see init(5), init(8), and initctl(8).
#
# Default runlevel. The runlevels used are:
#   0 - halt (Do NOT set initdefault to this)
#   1 - Single user mode
#   2 - Multiuser, without NFS (The same as 3, if you do not have networking)
#   3 - Full multiuser mode
#   4 - unused
#   5 - X11
#   6 - reboot (Do NOT set initdefault to this)
#
id:3:initdefault:

• 可以看到7个运行级别的含义和解释说的很清楚，常用的是3、5
• id:3:initdefault: 这里说明运行级别是3

CentOS7 /etc/inittab 文件内容示例

[root@192_168_31_106 ~]# cat /etc/inittab
# inittab is no longer used when using systemd.
#
# ADDING CONFIGURATION HERE WILL HAVE NO EFFECT ON YOUR SYSTEM.
#
# Ctrl-Alt-Delete is handled by /usr/lib/systemd/system/ctrl-alt-del.target
#
# systemd uses 'targets' instead of runlevels. By default, there are two main targets:
#
# multi-user.target: analogous to runlevel 3
# graphical.target: analogous to runlevel 5
#
# To view current default target, run:
# systemctl get-default
#
# To set a default target, run:
# systemctl set-default TARGET.target
#

我们了解Linux运行级别有什么用 ？

老实说用途不大，作为一个基础知识了解下即可，真要说用途可能就是判断当前系统是不是处在图形用户界面

之前我在工作中碰到别人给我一台机器，让我安装服务，我SSH登录机器执行netstat -lntup，就发现监听了很多乱七八糟的东西，我就开始怀疑系统不干净，查看一下运行级别，果然是用图形化方式安装的，然后我让系统组重装系统，装成干净的命令行界面