C# 委托

C#中的委托类似于C++中的函数指针.可以根据定义的委托实现不同的函数.定义委托的方法如下

[修饰符]delegate 返回类型 委托名([参数列表])

其中修饰符合参数列表是可选项.使用的时候先声明一个委托.例如:定义一个返回类型为void的,需要一个变量的委托

delegate void MyDelegate(object o1)

然后在定义需要使用该委托的方法,这个方法必须和声明的委托具有相同的签名,即返回类型相同,而且需要传递一个参数.

private void Myfunction1(object o1)
{
   string str = (string)o1;
   /*do something */
}

private void Myfunction2(object o2)
{
    int num = (int)o2;
    /* do something */
}

使用方法:

MyDelegate mydelegate1 = new MyDelegate (Myfunction1);

MyDelegate mydelegate2 = new MyDelegate (Myfunction2);

mydelegate1 ("This is a demon!");

mydelegate2 (25);

委托在使用的时候必须要实例化，这样就实现了一个委托实例化不同的函数。

附上两个实例:

第一个:一个雇员类,实现按年龄和薪金排序

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace 委托
{
    
    /// <summary>
    /// 定义一个委托用于比较
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="o1"></param>
    /// <param name="o2"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    delegate bool Compare(object o1, object o2);
    class Employee
    {
        private int mAge;
        private int mSalary;
        private string mName;

        public Employee(string aName, int aAge, int aSalary)
        {
            this.mAge = aAge;
            this.mSalary = aSalary;
            this.mName = aName;
        }
        public void Print()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Name is:{0}, Age is:{1}, Salary is:{2}", mName, mAge, mSalary);
        }
        static public bool CompareAge(object o1, object o2)
        {
            Employee e1 = (Employee)o1;
            Employee e2 = (Employee)o2;
            return (e1.mAge > e2.mAge) ? true : false;
        }
        static public bool CompareSalary(object o1, object o2)
        {
            Employee e1 = (Employee)o1;
            Employee e2 = (Employee)o2;
            return (e1.mSalary > e2.mSalary) ? true : false;
        }
    }
    
    class Test
    {
        static public void Sort(object[] aSortArry, Compare CompareMethod)
        {
            for (int i=0; i<aSortArry.Length; i++)
            {
                for (int j = i + 1; j < aSortArry.Length; j++)
                {
                    if (CompareMethod(aSortArry[i], aSortArry[j]))
                    {
                        object temp = aSortArry[i];
                        aSortArry[i] = aSortArry[j];
                        aSortArry[j] = temp;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Employee[] employee = {
              new Employee("Wang",12,800), new Employee("Liu", 21, 900), new Employee("Li", 34, 300),
              new Employee("Sun", 9, 1200), new Employee("Xu", 23, 2000),new Employee("Wu", 21, 400)};
            Compare CompareAge = new Compare(Employee.CompareAge);
            Compare CompareSalary = new Compare(Employee.CompareSalary);
            Console.WriteLine("Sorted by age:");
            Sort(employee, CompareAge);
            for (int i = 0; i < employee.Length; i++)
                employee[i].Print();
            Console.WriteLine("Sorted by salary:");
            Sort(employee, CompareSalary);
            for (int i = 0; i < employee.Length; i++)
                employee[i].Print();       
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }
     
    
}

第二个:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace 委托
{
    
    delegate void None();
    delegate void Single(object o1);
    delegate void Complex(object o1, object o2);
    class Test
    {
        static private void DeleNone()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("This is the none delegate!");
        }
        static private void DeleSingle(object o1)
        {
            string str = (string)o1;
            Console.WriteLine(str);
        }
        static private void DeleComplex(object o1, object o2)
        {
            string str1 = (string)o1;
            string str2 = (string)o2;
            Console.WriteLine(str1 + str2);
        }
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            None mNone = new None(DeleNone);
            Single mSingle = new Single(DeleSingle);
            Complex mComplex = new Complex(DeleComplex);
            mSingle("This is the Single delegate!");
            mComplex("I am o1 ", "I am o2");
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }
}