利用线性表实现多项式的算术运算

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
class Term
{
public:
	Term(int c, int e);
	Term(int c, int e, Term* nxt);
	Term* InsertAfter(int c, int e);//在this指针指示的结点后抓人新结点
	int coef;
	int exp;
	Term* link;
private:
	friend ostream& operator<<(ostream&, const Term&);
	friend class Ploynominal;
};
Term::Term(int c, int e) :coef(c), exp(e)
{
	link = 0;
}
Term::Term(int c, int e, Term* nxt) :coef(c), exp(e)
{
			link =nxt;
}
Term* Term::InsertAfter(int c, int e)
{
	//为新项申请结点的存储单元，并用Term函数将c，e和this->link的值填入新节点的相应域
	link = new Term(c,e,link);
	return link;
}
ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const Term& val)
{
	if (val.coef == 0) return out;
	out << val.coef;
	switch (val.exp)
	{
	case 0:break;
	case 1:out << "X"; break;
	default:out << "X^" << val.exp;break;
	}
	return out;
}

class Polynominal
{
public:
	Polynominal();
	~Polynominal();
	void AddTerms(istream& in);//输人多项式的各项，构造多项式链表
	void Output(ostream& out) const;//将多项式送输出流
	void PolyAdd(Polynominal& r);//多项式相加
private:
	Term* theList;//单循环链表的表头指针
	friend ostream& operator << (ostream&, const Polynominal&);
	friend istream& operator >>(istream&, Polynominal&);
	friend Polynominal& operator +(Polynominal&, Polynominal&);
};
Polynominal::Polynominal()
{
	//创建多项式的空的单循环链表
	theList = new Term(0, -1);
	theList->link = theList;//分配表头结点的存储单元,构成循环链表
}
Polynominal::~Polynominal()
{
	//撒销多项式的单循环链表
	Term* p = theList->link;
	while (p != theList)
	{
		theList->link = p->link;//删除p结点
		delete p;//释放p之存储空间
		p = theList->link;//p指向下1个待删除结点
	}
	delete theList;//释放表头结点的存储单元
}
void Polynominal::AddTerms(istream& in)
{
	//按降事输人各项，构造单循环链表、
	Term* q = theList;
	int c, e;
	for (;;)
	{
		cout << "Input a term(coef.exp):\n" << endl;
		cin >> c >> e;
		if (e < 0) break;//当输人的指数小于0时，构造过程结束
		q = q->InsertAfter(c, e);//将c，e插人表尾结点q之后
	}
}
void Polynominal::Output(ostream& out) const
{
	int first = 1; Term* p = theList->link;
	cout << "The polynomina1 is: \n" << endl;
	for (; p != theList; p = p->link)
	{
		if (!first && (p->coef > 0)) out << "+"; //在非第一 项的正系数前输出+号
		first = 0;
		out << *p;//调用Term类上重载的"<<"操作
	}
	cout << "\n" << endl;
}
void Polynominal::PolyAdd(Polynominal& r)
{
	Term* q, * ql = theList, * p;
	p = r.theList->link;
	q = ql->link;
	while (p->exp >= 0)
	{
		//对r的单循环链表遍历，直到到全部结点都处理完
		while (p->exp < q->exp)
		{
			//跳过q->exp大的项
			ql = q;
			q = q->link;
		}
		if (p->exp == q->exp)
		{
			//当指数相等时，系数相加
			q->coef = q->coef + p->coef;
			if (q->coef == 0)
			{
				//若相加后系数为0.则删除q
				ql->link = q->link;
				delete(q);
				q = ql->link;//重置q指针
			}
			else
			{
				ql = q;
				q = q->link;//若相加后系数不为0,则移动q1和q
			}
		}
		else
			ql = ql->InsertAfter(p->coef, p->exp); //以 P的系数和指数生成新结点，插人q1后
		p = p->link;
	}
}
ostream& operator << (ostream& out, const Polynominal& x)
{
	x.Output(out);
	return out;
}
istream& operator >>(istream& in, Polynominal& x)
{
	x.AddTerms(in);
	return in;
}
Polynominal& operator +(Polynominal &a,Polynominal& b)
{
	a.PolyAdd(b);
	return a;
}
void main()
{
	Polynominal p, q;
	cin >> p; cout << p;
	cin >> q; cout << q;
	q = q + p; cout << q;
}