java基础知识——模式

1.单例模式

package yll.singleModule;

/**
 * 单例模式
 * 负载均衡器的设计与实现
 * @author yg
 *
 */
public class ClientTest {
    public static void main(String args[]) {
        //创建四个LoadBalancer对象
        LoadBalancer balancer1,balancer2,balancer3,balancer4;
        balancer1 = LoadBalancer.getLoadBalancer();
        balancer2 = LoadBalancer.getLoadBalancer();
        balancer3 = LoadBalancer.getLoadBalancer();
        balancer4 = LoadBalancer.getLoadBalancer();

        //判断服务器负载均衡器是否相同
        if (balancer1 == balancer2 && balancer2 == balancer3 && balancer3 == balancer4) {
            System.out.println("服务器负载均衡器具有唯一性！");
        }

        //增加服务器
        balancer1.addServer("Server 1");
        balancer1.addServer("Server 2");
        balancer1.addServer("Server 3");
        balancer1.addServer("Server 4");
        balancer2.addServer("Server 5");

        //模拟客户端请求的分发
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            String server = balancer1.getServer();
            System.out.println("分发请求至服务器： " + server);
      }
    }
}

package yll.singleModule;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;

/**
 * 单例模式
 * 负载均衡器的设计与实现
 * @author yg
 *
 */

class LoadBalancer{
    //私有静态成员变量，存储唯一实例
    private static LoadBalancer instance = null;
    //服务器集合
    private List serverList = null;

    //私有构造函数
    private LoadBalancer() {
        serverList = new ArrayList();
    }

    //延迟加载 懒汉式单例
    //公有静态成员方法，返回唯一实例
    public static LoadBalancer getLoadBalancer() {
        if (instance == null) {
            synchronized(LoadBalancer.class) {
                //双重检查锁定
                if (instance == null) {
                    instance = new LoadBalancer();//创建单例实例
                }
            }
        }
        return instance;
    }

    //增加服务器
    public void addServer(String server) {
        serverList.add(server);
    }

    //删除服务器
    public void removeServer(String server) {
        serverList.remove(server);
    }

    //使用Random类随机获取服务器
    public String getServer() {
        Random random = new Random();
        int i = random.nextInt(serverList.size());
        return (String)serverList.get(i);
    }
}

package yll.singleModule;

/**
 * 一种更好的单例实现方法
 * @author yg
 *
 */
class Singleton {
    private Singleton() {
    }
    //静态(static)内部类
    private static class HolderClass {
            private final static Singleton instance = new Singleton();
    }

    public static Singleton getInstance() {
        return HolderClass.instance;
    }

    public static void main(String args[]) {
        Singleton s1, s2;
        s1 = Singleton.getInstance();
        s2 = Singleton.getInstance();
        System.out.println(s1==s2);//true
    }
}

2.工厂模式

package yll.factoryModule;

/**
 * 工厂模式例子
 * 图表工厂类：工厂类
 * @author yg
 *
 */

public class ChartFactory {
    //静态工厂方法
    public static Chart getChart(String type) {
        Chart chart = null;
        if (type.equalsIgnoreCase("histogram")) {
            chart = new HistogramChart();
            System.out.println("初始化设置柱状图！");
        }
        else if (type.equalsIgnoreCase("pie")) {
            chart = new PieChart();
            System.out.println("初始化设置饼状图！");
        }
        else if (type.equalsIgnoreCase("line")) {
            chart = new LineChart();
            System.out.println("初始化设置折线图！");
        }
        return chart;
    }
}

package yll.factoryModule;

/**
 * 抽象图表接口：抽象产品类
 *
 * @author yg
 *
 */
interface Chart {
    /*
     * 展示方法
     */
    public void display();
}

package yll.factoryModule;

/**
 * 工厂模式
 * @author g
 *
 */

public class ChartTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Chart pieChart = null;
        pieChart=ChartFactory.getChart("pie");
        pieChart.display();

        System.out.println("-----------------");

        HistogramChart histogramChart = null;
        histogramChart=(HistogramChart) ChartFactory.getChart("histogram");
        histogramChart.display();
        histogramChart.createHistogramChart();

        System.out.println("-----------------");
        LineChart lineChart=new LineChart();
        lineChart.createLineChart();
        lineChart.display();

    }
}

package yll.factoryModule;
/**
 * 柱状图
 * @author yg
 *
 */
public class HistogramChart implements Chart {

    @Override
    public void display() {

        System.out.println("柱状图展示！");
    }
    public void createHistogramChart() {
       System.out.println("创建柱状图！");
    }

}

package yll.factoryModule;

/**
 * 折线图
 *
 * @author yg
 *
 */
public class LineChart implements Chart {

    @Override
    public void display() {
        // TODO 自動生成されたメソッド・スタブ
        System.out.println("折线图展示！");
    }
    public void createLineChart() {
        System.out.println("创建折线图！");
    }
}

package yll.factoryModule;

/**
 * 饼状图
 * @author yg
 *
 */
public class PieChart implements Chart {

    @Override
    public void display() {
        // TODO 自動生成されたメソッド・スタブ
        System.out.println("饼状图展示!");
    }
    public void createPieChart() {
        System.out.println("创建饼状图！");
    }
}

3.原型模式

package yll.cloneModule;

/**
 * 对象的克隆——原型模式
 * @author yg
 *
 */

public class ConcretePrototypeTest implements Prototype{
    private String attr; // 成员属性
    private Student student;

    public Student getStudent() {
        return student;
    }

    public void setStudent(Student student) {
        this.student = student;
    }

    public void setAttr(String attr) {

        this.attr = attr;
    }

    public String getAttr() {

        return this.attr;

    }

    public Prototype clone() { // 克隆方法

        Prototype prototype = new ConcretePrototypeTest(); // 创建新对象

        ((ConcretePrototypeTest) prototype).setAttr(this.attr);
        ((ConcretePrototypeTest) prototype).setStudent(this.student);
        return prototype;

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Prototype obj1 = new ConcretePrototypeTest();

        ((ConcretePrototypeTest) obj1).setAttr("Sunny");
        Student stu = new Student();
        stu.setGender("FM");
        stu.setIpAddress("AHUDFWE");
        stu.setName("Meary");
        ((ConcretePrototypeTest) obj1).setStudent(stu);

        Prototype obj2 = obj1.clone();
        System.out.println("obj1:"+((ConcretePrototypeTest) obj1).getAttr());
        System.out.println("obj1 Student:"+((ConcretePrototypeTest) obj1).getStudent().toString());
        System.out.println("obj2:"+((ConcretePrototypeTest) obj2).getAttr());
        System.out.println("obj2 Student:"+((ConcretePrototypeTest) obj2).getStudent().toString());
        System.out.println(((ConcretePrototypeTest) obj1).getAttr() == ((ConcretePrototypeTest) obj2).getAttr());
        System.out.println("Student equal :"+((ConcretePrototypeTest) obj1).getStudent().equals(((ConcretePrototypeTest) obj2).getStudent()));

        Student stu2 = new Student();
        ((ConcretePrototypeTest) obj2).setAttr("AYR");
        stu2.setGender("M");
        stu2.setName("Jack");
        ((ConcretePrototypeTest) obj2).setStudent(stu2);
        System.out.println("----------------------");
        System.out.println("obj1 Attr:"+((ConcretePrototypeTest) obj1).getAttr());
        System.out.println("obj1 Student:"+((ConcretePrototypeTest) obj1).getStudent().toString());
        System.out.println("obj2 Attr:"+((ConcretePrototypeTest) obj2).getAttr());
        System.out.println("obj2 Student:"+((ConcretePrototypeTest) obj2).getStudent().toString());
        System.out.println(((ConcretePrototypeTest) obj1).getAttr() == ((ConcretePrototypeTest) obj2).getAttr());
        System.out.println("Student  equal:"+((ConcretePrototypeTest) obj1).getStudent().equals(((ConcretePrototypeTest) obj2).getStudent()));




    }
}

package yll.cloneModule;

/**
 * 对象的克隆——原型模式
 *
 * @author yg
 *
 */

public class CloneTest implements Cloneable {
    private String attr; // 成员属性
    private Student student;

    public Student getStudent() {
        return this.student;
    }

    public void setStudent(Student student) {
        this.student = student;
    }

    public void setAttr(String attr) {
        this.attr = attr;
    }

    public String getAttr() {
        return this.attr;
    }

    public CloneTest clone() { // 克隆方法
        Object obj = null;
        try {
            obj = super.clone();
            return (CloneTest) obj;

        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
            // TODO 自動生成された catch ブロック
            e.printStackTrace();
            System.out.println("不支持复制！");
            return null;
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        CloneTest obj1, obj2;
        obj1 = new CloneTest();
        Student stu = new Student();
        obj1.setStudent(stu);

        obj2 = obj1.clone();
        System.out.println("obj equal :" + (obj1 == obj2));

        System.out.println("ATTR equal :" + (obj1.getAttr() == obj2.getAttr()));

        System.out.println("Student equal :" + (obj1.getStudent() == obj2.getStudent()));

    }
}

package yll.cloneModule;

public interface Prototype {
    Prototype clone();
}

package yll.cloneModule;

public class Student {
    String name;
    String ipAddress;
    String gender;
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getIpAddress() {
        return ipAddress;
    }
    public void setIpAddress(String ipAddress) {
        this.ipAddress = ipAddress;
    }
    public String getGender() {
        return gender;
    }
    public void setGender(String gender) {
        this.gender = gender;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student [name=" + name + ", ipAddress=" + ipAddress + ", gender=" + gender + "]";
    }

}