【Linux操作系统系列二】Linux在线求助man

系列文章目录

【Linux操作系统系列一】Linux版本与安装

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一、man

以man date 为例：

DATE(1)                          User Commands                         DATE(1)

NAME
       date - print or set the system date and time

SYNOPSIS
       date [OPTION]... [+FORMAT]
       date [-u|--utc|--universal] [MMDDhhmm[[CC]YY][.ss]]

DESCRIPTION
       Display the current time in the given FORMAT, or set the system date.

       -d, --date=STRING
              display time described by STRING, not ‘now’

       -f, --file=DATEFILE
              like --date once for each line of DATEFILE

       -r, --reference=FILE
              display the last modification time of FILE

       -R, --rfc-2822
              output date and time in RFC 2822 format.  Example: Mon, 07 Aug 2006 12:34:56 -0600

       --rfc-3339=TIMESPEC
              output  date  and  time  in RFC 3339 format.  TIMESPEC=‘date’, ‘seconds’, or ‘ns’ for date and time to the indicated precision.  Date and time components are
              separated by a single space: 2006-08-07 12:34:56-06:00

       -s, --set=STRING
              set time described by STRING

       -u, --utc, --universal
              print or set Coordinated Universal Time

       --help display this help and exit

       --version
              output version information and exit

       FORMAT controls the output.  Interpreted sequences are:

       %%     a literal %

       %a     locale’s abbreviated weekday name (e.g., Sun)

       %A     locale’s full weekday name (e.g., Sunday)

       %b     locale’s abbreviated month name (e.g., Jan)

       %B     locale’s full month name (e.g., January)

       %c     locale’s date and time (e.g., Thu Mar  3 23:05:25 2005)

       %C     century; like %Y, except omit last two digits (e.g., 20)

       %d     day of month (e.g, 01)

       %D     date; same as %m/%d/%y

       %e     day of month, space padded; same as %_d

       %F     full date; same as %Y-%m-%d

       %g     last two digits of year of ISO week number (see %G)

       %G     year of ISO week number (see %V); normally useful only with %V

       %h     same as %b

       %H     hour (00..23)

       %I     hour (01..12)

       %j     day of year (001..366)

       %k     hour ( 0..23)

       %l     hour ( 1..12)

       %m     month (01..12)

       %M     minute (00..59)

       %n     a newline

       %N     nanoseconds (000000000..999999999)

       %p     locale’s equivalent of either AM or PM; blank if not known

       %P     like %p, but lower case

       %r     locale’s 12-hour clock time (e.g., 11:11:04 PM)

       %R     24-hour hour and minute; same as %H:%M

       %s     seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC

       %S     second (00..60)

       %t     a tab

       %T     time; same as %H:%M:%S

       %u     day of week (1..7); 1 is Monday

       %U     week number of year, with Sunday as first day of week (00..53)

       %V     ISO week number, with Monday as first day of week (01..53)

       %w     day of week (0..6); 0 is Sunday

       %W     week number of year, with Monday as first day of week (00..53)

       %x     locale’s date representation (e.g., 12/31/99)

       %X     locale’s time representation (e.g., 23:13:48)

       %y     last two digits of year (00..99)

       %Y     year

       %z     +hhmm numeric timezone (e.g., -0400)

       %:z    +hh:mm numeric timezone (e.g., -04:00)

       %::z   +hh:mm:ss numeric time zone (e.g., -04:00:00)

       %:::z  numeric time zone with : to necessary precision (e.g., -04, +05:30)

       %Z     alphabetic time zone abbreviation (e.g., EDT)

       By default, date pads numeric fields with zeroes.  The following optional flags may follow ‘%’:
       %w     day of week (0..6); 0 is Sunday

       %W     week number of year, with Monday as first day of week (00..53)

       %x     locale’s date representation (e.g., 12/31/99)

       %X     locale’s time representation (e.g., 23:13:48)

       %y     last two digits of year (00..99)

       %Y     year

       %z     +hhmm numeric timezone (e.g., -0400)

       %:z    +hh:mm numeric timezone (e.g., -04:00)

       %::z   +hh:mm:ss numeric time zone (e.g., -04:00:00)

       %:::z  numeric time zone with : to necessary precision (e.g., -04, +05:30)

       %Z     alphabetic time zone abbreviation (e.g., EDT)

       By default, date pads numeric fields with zeroes.  The following optional flags may follow ‘%’:

       -      (hyphen) do not pad the field

       _      (underscore) pad with spaces

       0      (zero) pad with zeros

       ^      use upper case if possible

       #      use opposite case if possible

       After any flags comes an optional field width, as a decimal number; then an optional modifier, which is either E to use the locale’s  alternate  representations  if
       available, or O to use the locale’s alternate numeric symbols if available.

DATE STRING
       The  --date=STRING is a mostly free format human readable date string such as "Sun, 29 Feb 2004 16:21:42 -0800" or "2004-02-29 16:21:42" or even "next Thursday".  A
       date string may contain items indicating calendar date, time of day, time zone, day of week, relative time, relative date, and numbers.  An empty  string  indicates
       the beginning of the day.  The date string format is more complex than is easily documented here but is fully described in the info documentation.

ENVIRONMENT
       TZ     Specifies the timezone, unless overridden by command line parameters.  If neither is specified, the setting from /etc/localtime is used.

AUTHOR
       Written by David MacKenzie.

REPORTING BUGS
       Report date bugs to bug-coreutils@gnu.org
       GNU coreutils home page: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
       General help using GNU software: <http://www.gnu.org/gethelp/>
       Report date translation bugs to <http://translationproject.org/team/>

COPYRIGHT
       Copyright © 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.  License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
       This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.  There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

SEE ALSO
       The full documentation for date is maintained as a Texinfo manual.  If the info and date programs are properly installed at your site, the command

              info coreutils 'date invocation'

       should give you access to the complete manual.

GNU coreutils 8.4                November 2013                         DATE(1)
(END) 

DATE(1)里面的数字代表着特殊意义。常见的数字意义如下表：

代号	代表内容
1	用户在shell环境中可以操作的命令或可执行文件
2	系统内核可调用的函数与工具等
3	一些常用的函数与函数库，大部分为C的函数库
4	设备文件的说明，通常在/dev下的文件
5	配置文件或者是某些文件的格式
6	游戏
7	惯例与协议等，例如Linux文件系统、网络协议、ASCII code等说明
8	系统管理员可用的管理命令
9	跟kernel有关的文件

常用的按键：

按键	进行工作
空格键	向下翻一页
[Page Down]	向下翻一页
[Page Up]	向上翻一页
[Home]	去到第一页
[End]	去到最后一页
/string	向下查询string字符串
?string	向上查询string字符串
n，N	利用/或?来查询字符串时，可以用n来继续下一个查询，利用N来进行反向查询
q	结束这次的man page