Compared to wildleopard's wealthiness, his brother mildleopard is rather poor. His house is narrow and he has only one light bulb in his house. Every night, he is wandering in his incommodious house, thinking of how to earn more money. One day, he found that the length of his shadow was changing from time to time while walking between the light bulb and the wall of his house. A sudden thought ran through his mind and he wanted to know the maximum length of his shadow.
![](http://acm.zju.edu.cn/onlinejudge/showImage.do?name=light_bulb_1037_ddd01.gif)
Input
The first line of the input contains an integer T (T <= 100), indicating the number of cases.
Each test case contains three real numbers H, h and D in one line. H is the height of the light bulb while h is the height of mildleopard. D is distance between the light bulb and the wall. All numbers are in range from 10-2 to 103, both inclusive, and H - h >= 10-2.
Output
For each test case, output the maximum length of mildleopard's shadow in one line, accurate up to three decimal places..
Sample Input
3 2 1 0.5 2 0.5 3 4 3 4
Sample Output
1.000 0.750 4.000
简单数学应用加三分法。
#include<stdio.h>
//影子长度随离墙距离成凸函数
double H,h,D,dis;//如题意
double f(double x)
{
if(x<=dis)//分段函数。给出距离返回影子长度
return h*x/(H-h);//利用几何关系求出影子长度
return D-x+H+D*(h-H)/x;
}
int main()
{
double vm,vmm,bop,top,mid,mmid;
int t;
scanf("%d",&t);
while(t--)
{
scanf("%lf%lf%lf",&H,&h,&D);
dis=(H-h)*D/H;
bop=0;
top=D;
while(top-bop>=1e-7)//对离墙距离三分求极值
{
mid=(bop+top)/2;
mmid=(mid+top)/2;
vm=f(mid);
vmm=f(mmid);
if(vm>=vmm)
top=mmid;
else
bop=mid;
}
printf("%.3lf\n",f(top));
}
return 0;
}