ZOJ 3203 Light Bulb (三分)

 

Light Bulb

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Time Limit: 1 Second      Memory Limit: 32768 KB

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Compared to wildleopard's wealthiness, his brother mildleopard is rather poor. His house is narrow and he has only one light bulb in his house. Every night, he is wandering in his incommodious house, thinking of how to earn more money. One day, he found that the length of his shadow was changing from time to time while walking between the light bulb and the wall of his house. A sudden thought ran through his mind and he wanted to know the maximum length of his shadow.

Input

The first line of the input contains an integer T (T <= 100), indicating the number of cases.

Each test case contains three real numbers H, h and D in one line. H is the height of the light bulb while h is the height of mildleopard. D is distance between the light bulb and the wall. All numbers are in range from 10-2 to 103, both inclusive, and H - h >= 10-2.

Output

For each test case, output the maximum length of mildleopard's shadow in one line, accurate up to three decimal places..

Sample Input

 

3
2 1 0.5
2 0.5 3
4 3 4

 

Sample Output

 

1.000
0.750
4.000

 

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Author: GUAN, Yao
Source: The 6th Zhejiang Provincial Collegiate Programming Contest

 

 

题目链接：http://acm.zju.edu.cn/onlinejudge/showProblem.do?problemCode=3203

 

 

题意：求人的影子在灯光下投影到地面和墙上的最大值。

思路：设x表示人和灯之间的距离，用k表示人投影到墙上的长度，通过三角形相似可得公式：（H-h）/（H-k）= X / D   => k = H - (H-h)*D/x；则L = k + D - x；

上界r = D， 下界l = D*(H-h)/H

 

#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;

const double eps = 1e-6;
int t;
double H,h,D;

double val(double x){
    return  H - (H-h)*D/x + D-x;
}

int main(){
    scanf("%d",&t);
    while(t --){
        scanf("%lf%lf%lf",&H,&h,&D);
        double l = D - h*D/H, r = D;
        while(l + eps < r){
            double lm = l + (r - l) / 3;
            double rm = r - (r - l) / 3;
            if(val(lm) < val(rm)) l = lm;
            else r = rm;
        }
        printf("%.3lf\n",val(r));
    }
    return 0;
}