设计模式--单例设计模式

单例设计模式

饿汉式单例模式

不论是否使用,在类加载的时候实例化完成.

public class Singleton {
    private TestSingleton(){
        System.out.println("饿汉式单例");
    }
    private static Singleton INSTANCE = new Singleton();

    public static Singleton getInstance(){
        return INSTANCE;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Singleton singleton = Singleton.getInstance();
        System.out.println(singleton);
    }
}

懒汉式单例模式

在需要使用的时候再进行加载, 但是多线程环境下会存在线程不安全问题

public class Singleton {
	
    private Singleton(){
        System.out.println("懒汉式单例");
    }
    public static TestSingleton getInstance(){
        return new TestSingleton();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        TestSingleton singleton = TestSingleton.getInstance();
        System.out.println(singleton);
    }
}

线程安全的懒汉式单例模式

DCL---Double Check Lock 双重检验

public class Singleton {
    private static volatile Singleton INSTANCE; //禁止指令重排序
    private Singleton(){
        System.out.println("懒汉式单例");
    }
    public static Singleton getInstance(){
		//双重校验
        if (INSTANCE == null){
            synchronized (Singleton.class){
                if (INSTANCE == null){
                    try {
                        Thread.sleep(5);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    INSTANCE = new Singleton();
                }
            }
        }
        return INSTANCE;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Singleton singleton = Singleton.getInstance();
        System.out.println(singleton);
    }
}

不加锁的线程安全的单例模式

public class Singleton {

    private Singleton() {
        System.out.println("single");
    }

    private static class Inner{
        private static  Singleton singleton = new Singleton();
    }

    public static Singleton getInstance() {
        return Inner.singleton;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Thread[] threads = new Thread[200];
        for (int i = 0; i < threads.length; i++) {
            threads[i] = new Thread(()->{
                System.out.println(Singleton.getInstance());
            });
        }

        Arrays.asList(threads).forEach(o->o.start());
    }
}

枚举类型单例模式

public enum  Singleton4 {
    INSTANCE;
    public void m() {}

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            new Thread(()->{
                System.out.println(Singleton4.INSTANCE.hashCode());
            }).start();
        }
    }

}