俄罗斯方块

推荐一个很棒的帖子:

https://blog.csdn.net/ZhangXiaoyu_sy/article/details/78925221

学习了信号与槽,布局

试着写了一个“俄罗斯方块”


import random
import sys

from PyQt5.QtGui import *
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMainWindow, QFrame, QDesktopWidget, QApplication
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt, QBasicTimer, pyqtSignal
from PyQt5.QtGui import QPainter, QColor



class StockDialog(QWidget):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(StockDialog, self).__init__(parent)
        self.setWindowTitle("PyQt5 For Tetris")

        label1 = QLabel("Next:")
        label2 = QLabel("Level:")
        label3 = QLabel("Score:")

        self.scoreLCD = QLCDNumber(10)
        self.scoreLCD.setSegmentStyle(QLCDNumber.Flat)
        self.levelLCD = QLCDNumber(10)
        self.levelLCD.setSegmentStyle(QLCDNumber.Flat)

        self.StartPushButton = QPushButton("Start")
        self.PausePushButton = QPushButton("Pause")

        self.board = Board()
        self.stack2 = QStackedWidget()
        self.stack2.setFrameStyle(QFrame.Panel | QFrame.Raised)
        self.area2 = NextBoard()
        self.area2.display(self.board.nextCurPiece.nextNum)
        self.area2.curPiece=self.board.nextCurPiece
        self.stack2.addWidget(self.area2)

        # 建立布局
        labelCol = 0
        mainSplitter = QSplitter(Qt.Horizontal)
        mainSplitter.setOpaqueResize(True)
        #mainSplitter.setSizes([300,300])
        frame = QFrame(mainSplitter)

        mainLayout = QGridLayout(frame)
        mainLayout.setSpacing(6)

        mainLayout.addWidget(label1, 1, labelCol,1,1)
        mainLayout.addWidget(self.stack2,2,labelCol,2,2)
        mainLayout.addWidget(label2, 5, labelCol,1,1)
        mainLayout.addWidget(self.levelLCD,6, labelCol,1,1)
        mainLayout.addWidget(label3, 7, labelCol,1,1)
        mainLayout.addWidget(self.scoreLCD, 8, labelCol,1,1)
        mainLayout.addWidget(self.StartPushButton, 9, labelCol,1,1)
        mainLayout.addWidget(self.PausePushButton, 10,labelCol,1,1)

        stack1 = QStackedWidget()
        stack1.setFrameStyle(QFrame.Panel | QFrame.Raised)

        stack1.addWidget(self.board)

        mainSplitter1 = QSplitter(Qt.Horizontal)
        mainSplitter1.setOpaqueResize(True)
        frame1 = QFrame(mainSplitter1)
        mainLayout1 = QVBoxLayout(frame1)
        # mainLayout1.setMargin(10)
        mainLayout1.setSpacing(0)
        mainLayout1.addWidget(stack1)

        layout = QGridLayout(self)
        layout.addWidget(mainSplitter1, 0, 0)
        layout.addWidget(mainSplitter, 0, 1)
        self.setLayout(layout)

        # 信号和槽函数
        self.StartPushButton.clicked.connect(self.slotStart)
        self.PausePushButton.clicked.connect(self.slotPuse)
        self.board.msg2Level.connect(self.slotGetLevel)
        self.board.msg2Score.connect(self.slotGetScore)
        self.board.msg2NextBoard.connect(self.slotNextBoard)

    def slotStart(self, value):
        self.board.start()
        print('slotStart')

    def slotPuse(self, value):
        self.board.pause()
        print('slotPuse')

    def slotGetLevel(self,msg):
        print("slotGetLevel = >" + msg)
        self.levelLCD.display(msg)

    def slotGetScore(self,msg):
        print("slotGetScore = >"+msg)
        self.scoreLCD.display(msg)

    def slotNextBoard(self,msg):
        self.area2.display(msg)
        self.area2.curPiece=self.board.nextCurPiece



class Board(QMainWindow):
    msg2Level = pyqtSignal(object)
    msg2Score = pyqtSignal(object)
    msg2NextBoard = pyqtSignal(object)
    BoardWidth = 10
    BoardHeight = 22
    Speed = 300
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setPalette(QPalette(Qt.white))#背景颜色
        self.setAutoFillBackground(True)#设置窗体自动填充背景
        self.setMinimumSize(300, 600)#背景大小
        self.curPiece = Shape()
        self.curPiece.setRandomShape()
        self.nextCurPiece = Shape()
        self.nextCurPiece.setRandomShape()

        self.initBoard()
        self.start()
        self.newPiece()

    def initBoard(self):
        self.timer = QBasicTimer()
        self.isWaitingAfterLine = False

        self.curX = 0
        self.curY = 0
        self.numLinesRemoved = 0
        self.board = []#board变量是一个从0到7的数字列表。它代表了面板上各种形状和位置。

        self.setFocusPolicy(Qt.StrongFocus)
        self.isStarted = False
        self.isPaused = False
        self.clearBoard()

    #shapeAt()方法确定在给定形状块的类型。
    def shapeAt(self, x, y):
        return self.board[(y * Board.BoardWidth) + x]

    def setShapeAt(self, x, y, shape):
        self.board[(y * Board.BoardWidth) + x] = shape

    def squareWidth(self):
        return self.contentsRect().width() // Board.BoardWidth

    def squareHeight(self):
        return self.contentsRect().height() // Board.BoardHeight

    def start(self):

        if self.isPaused:
            return

        self.isStarted = True
        self.isWaitingAfterLine = False
        self.numLinesRemoved = 0
        self.clearBoard()

        #self.msg2Statusbar.emit(str(self.numLinesRemoved))

        self.newPiece()
        self.timer.start(Board.Speed, self)

    def pause(self):

        if not self.isStarted:
            return

        self.isPaused = not self.isPaused

        if self.isPaused:
            self.timer.stop()


        else:
            self.timer.start(Board.Speed, self)


        self.update()

    def paintEvent(self, event):

        painter = QPainter(self)
        rect = self.contentsRect()

        boardTop = rect.bottom() - Board.BoardHeight * self.squareHeight()

        for i in range(Board.BoardHeight):#第一步,绘制所有方块,这些方块都要保存在底部列表中。列表通过shapeAt() 方法来添加方块。
            for j in range(Board.BoardWidth):
                shape = self.shapeAt(j, Board.BoardHeight - i - 1)

                if shape != Tetrominoe.NoShape:
                    self.drawSquare(painter,
                                    rect.left() + j * self.squareWidth(),
                                    boardTop + i * self.squareHeight(), shape)

        if self.curPiece.shape() != Tetrominoe.NoShape:#第二步绘制下降中的方块

            for i in range(4):
                x = self.curX + self.curPiece.x(i)
                y = self.curY - self.curPiece.y(i)
                self.drawSquare(painter, rect.left() + x * self.squareWidth(),
                                boardTop + (Board.BoardHeight - y - 1) * self.squareHeight(),
                                self.curPiece.shape())

    def keyPressEvent(self, event):

        if not self.isStarted or self.curPiece.shape() == Tetrominoe.NoShape:
            super(Board, self).keyPressEvent(event)
            return

        key = event.key()

        if key == Qt.Key_P:
            self.pause()
            return

        if self.isPaused:
            return

        elif key == Qt.Key_Left:
            self.tryMove(self.curPiece, self.curX - 1, self.curY)

        elif key == Qt.Key_Right:
            self.tryMove(self.curPiece, self.curX + 1, self.curY)

        elif key == Qt.Key_Down:
            self.tryMove(self.curPiece.rotateRight(), self.curX, self.curY)

        elif key == Qt.Key_Up:#向上箭头键将旋转方块。
            self.tryMove(self.curPiece.rotateLeft(), self.curX, self.curY)

        elif key == Qt.Key_Space:#空格键立即下降到底部
            self.dropDown()

        elif key == Qt.Key_D:#按下D键,可以加速下降。
            self.oneLineDown()

        else:
            super(Board, self).keyPressEvent(event)

    #计时器事件,当我们前一个方块降到底部后,创建一个新的方块。
    def timerEvent(self, event):

        if event.timerId() == self.timer.timerId():

            if self.isWaitingAfterLine:
                self.isWaitingAfterLine = False
                self.newPiece()
            else:
                self.oneLineDown()

        else:
            super(Board, self).timerEvent(event)

    #clearBoard()方法通过设置Tetrominoe.NoShape清除面板
    def clearBoard(self):

        for i in range(Board.BoardHeight * Board.BoardWidth):
            self.board.append(Tetrominoe.NoShape)

    def dropDown(self):

        newY = self.curY

        while newY > 0:

            if not self.tryMove(self.curPiece, self.curX, newY - 1):
                break

            newY -= 1

        self.pieceDropped()

    def oneLineDown(self):

        if not self.tryMove(self.curPiece, self.curX, self.curY - 1):
            self.pieceDropped()

    def pieceDropped(self):

        for i in range(4):
            x = self.curX + self.curPiece.x(i)
            y = self.curY - self.curPiece.y(i)
            self.setShapeAt(x, y, self.curPiece.shape())

        self.removeFullLines()

        if not self.isWaitingAfterLine:
            self.newPiece()

    #如果到达底部,会调用removeFullLines()方法。我们会检查所有完整的线条然后删除它们。然后移动所有行高于当前删除整行一行。请注意,我们反的顺序行被删除。否则,就会出错。
    def removeFullLines(self):

        numFullLines = 0
        rowsToRemove = []

        for i in range(Board.BoardHeight):

            n = 0
            for j in range(Board.BoardWidth):
                if not self.shapeAt(j, i) == Tetrominoe.NoShape:
                    n = n + 1

            if n == 10:
                rowsToRemove.append(i)

        rowsToRemove.reverse()

        for m in rowsToRemove:

            for k in range(m, Board.BoardHeight):
                for l in range(Board.BoardWidth):
                    self.setShapeAt(l, k, self.shapeAt(l, k + 1))

        numFullLines = numFullLines + len(rowsToRemove)

        if numFullLines > 0:
            self.numLinesRemoved = self.numLinesRemoved + numFullLines
            #self.msg2Statusbar.emit(str(self.numLinesRemoved))
            self.msg2Score.emit(str(self.numLinesRemoved))

            self.isWaitingAfterLine = True
            self.curPiece.setShape(Tetrominoe.NoShape)
            self.update()

    # 通过newPiece()方法创建一个新的方块,如果不能进入它的初始位置,游戏就结束了。
    def newPiece(self):

        self.curPiece = Shape()
        self.curPiece.setRandomShape()

        self.tempCurPiece = Shape()
        self.tempCurPiece = self.nextCurPiece
        self.nextCurPiece = self.curPiece
        self.curPiece = self.tempCurPiece
        self.msg2NextBoard.emit(str(self.nextCurPiece.nextNum))

        self.curX = Board.BoardWidth // 2 + 1
        self.curY = Board.BoardHeight - 1 + self.curPiece.minY()

        if not self.tryMove(self.curPiece, self.curX, self.curY):
            self.curPiece.setShape(Tetrominoe.NoShape)
            self.timer.stop()
            self.isStarted = False
            #self.msg2Statusbar.emit("Game over")

    #使用tryMove()方法尝试移动方块。如果方块的边缘已经接触到面板边缘或者不能移动,我们返回False。否则我们当前块下降到一个新的位置。
    def tryMove(self, newPiece, newX, newY):

        for i in range(4):

            x = newX + newPiece.x(i)
            y = newY - newPiece.y(i)

            if x < 0 or x >= Board.BoardWidth or y < 0 or y >= Board.BoardHeight:
                return False

            if self.shapeAt(x, y) != Tetrominoe.NoShape:
                return False

        self.curPiece = newPiece
        self.curX = newX
        self.curY = newY
        self.update()

        return True

    def drawSquare(self, painter, x, y, shape):

        colorTable = [0x000000, 0xCC6666, 0x66CC66, 0x6666CC,
                      0xCCCC66, 0xCC66CC, 0x66CCCC, 0xDAAA00]

        color = QColor(colorTable[shape])
        painter.fillRect(x + 1, y + 1, self.squareWidth() - 2,
                         self.squareHeight() - 2, color)

        painter.setPen(color.lighter())
        painter.drawLine(x, y + self.squareHeight() - 1, x, y)
        painter.drawLine(x, y, x + self.squareWidth() - 1, y)

        painter.setPen(color.darker())
        painter.drawLine(x + 1, y + self.squareHeight() - 1,
                         x + self.squareWidth() - 1, y + self.squareHeight() - 1)
        painter.drawLine(x + self.squareWidth() - 1,
                         y + self.squareHeight() - 1, x + self.squareWidth() - 1, y + 1)


class NextBoard(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setPalette(QPalette(Qt.white))#背景颜色
        self.setAutoFillBackground(True)#设置窗体自动填充背景
        #self.setMinimumSize(3, 3)#背景大小
        self.curPiece = Shape()
        self.shape = 1
        self.BoardWidth = 3.5
        self.BoardHeight = 6
    def display(self,msg):
        self.shape = msg
        self.update()

    def squareWidth(self):
        return self.contentsRect().width() // self.BoardWidth

    def squareHeight(self):
        return self.contentsRect().height() // self.BoardHeight

    def paintEvent(self,event):
        painter = QPainter(self)
        rect = self.contentsRect()
        boardTop = rect.bottom() - self.BoardHeight * self.squareHeight()
        for i in range(4):
            x = 1 + self.curPiece.x(i)
            y = 1+ self.curPiece.y(i)

            self.drawSquare(painter, rect.left() + x * self.squareWidth(),
                            boardTop + (self.BoardHeight - y - 1) * self.squareHeight(),
                            self.shape)

    def drawSquare(self, painter, x, y, shape):

        colorTable = [0x000000, 0xCC6666, 0x66CC66, 0x6666CC,
                      0xCCCC66, 0xCC66CC, 0x66CCCC, 0xDAAA00]

        color = QColor(colorTable[int(shape)])
        painter.fillRect(x + 1, y + 1, self.squareWidth() - 2,
                         self.squareHeight() - 2, color)

        painter.setPen(color.lighter())
        painter.drawLine(x, y + self.squareHeight() - 1, x, y)
        painter.drawLine(x, y, x + self.squareWidth() - 1, y)

        painter.setPen(color.darker())
        painter.drawLine(x + 1, y + self.squareHeight() - 1,
                         x + self.squareWidth() - 1, y + self.squareHeight() - 1)
        painter.drawLine(x + self.squareWidth() - 1,
                         y + self.squareHeight() - 1, x + self.squareWidth() - 1, y + 1)

#Tetrominoe类包含所有可能的形状。NoShape空形状。
class Tetrominoe(object):
    NoShape = 0
    ZShape = 1
    SShape = 2
    LineShape = 3
    TShape = 4
    SquareShape = 5
    LShape = 6
    MirroredLShape = 7

#Shape 类保存方块信息
class Shape(object):
    coordsTable = (
        ((0, 0), (0, 0), (0, 0), (0, 0)),
        ((0, -1), (0, 0), (-1, 0), (-1, 1)),
        ((0, -1), (0, 0), (1, 0), (1, 1)),
        ((0, -1), (0, 0), (0, 1), (0, 2)),
        ((-1, 0), (0, 0), (1, 0), (0, 1)),
        ((0, 0), (1, 0), (0, 1), (1, 1)),
        ((-1, -1), (0, -1), (0, 0), (0, 1)),
        ((1, -1), (0, -1), (0, 0), (0, 1))
    )

    def __init__(self):

        self.coords = [[0, 0] for i in range(4)]
        self.pieceShape = Tetrominoe.NoShape

        self.setShape(Tetrominoe.NoShape)
        self.nextNum = 0

    def shape(self):
        return self.pieceShape

    def setShape(self, shape):
        self.nextNum = shape
        table = Shape.coordsTable[shape]

        for i in range(4):
            for j in range(2):
                self.coords[i][j] = table[i][j]

        self.pieceShape = shape

    def setRandomShape(self):
        self.setShape(random.randint(1, 7))

    def x(self, index):
        return self.coords[index][0]

    def y(self, index):
        return self.coords[index][1]

    def setX(self, index, x):
        self.coords[index][0] = x

    def setY(self, index, y):
        self.coords[index][1] = y

    def minX(self):

        m = self.coords[0][0]
        for i in range(4):
            m = min(m, self.coords[i][0])

        return m

    def maxX(self):

        m = self.coords[0][0]
        for i in range(4):
            m = max(m, self.coords[i][0])

        return m

    def minY(self):

        m = self.coords[0][1]
        for i in range(4):
            m = min(m, self.coords[i][1])

        return m

    def maxY(self):

        m = self.coords[0][1]
        for i in range(4):
            m = max(m, self.coords[i][1])

        return m

    def rotateLeft(self):

        if self.pieceShape == Tetrominoe.SquareShape:
            return self

        result = Shape()
        result.pieceShape = self.pieceShape

        for i in range(4):
            result.setX(i, self.y(i))
            result.setY(i, -self.x(i))

        return result

    def rotateRight(self):

        if self.pieceShape == Tetrominoe.SquareShape:
            return self

        result = Shape()
        result.pieceShape = self.pieceShape

        for i in range(4):
            result.setX(i, -self.y(i))
            result.setY(i, self.x(i))

        return result




if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    form = StockDialog()
    form.show()
    app.exec_()


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