推荐一个很棒的帖子:
https://blog.csdn.net/ZhangXiaoyu_sy/article/details/78925221
学习了信号与槽,布局
试着写了一个“俄罗斯方块”
import random
import sys
from PyQt5.QtGui import *
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMainWindow, QFrame, QDesktopWidget, QApplication
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt, QBasicTimer, pyqtSignal
from PyQt5.QtGui import QPainter, QColor
class StockDialog(QWidget):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(StockDialog, self).__init__(parent)
self.setWindowTitle("PyQt5 For Tetris")
label1 = QLabel("Next:")
label2 = QLabel("Level:")
label3 = QLabel("Score:")
self.scoreLCD = QLCDNumber(10)
self.scoreLCD.setSegmentStyle(QLCDNumber.Flat)
self.levelLCD = QLCDNumber(10)
self.levelLCD.setSegmentStyle(QLCDNumber.Flat)
self.StartPushButton = QPushButton("Start")
self.PausePushButton = QPushButton("Pause")
self.board = Board()
self.stack2 = QStackedWidget()
self.stack2.setFrameStyle(QFrame.Panel | QFrame.Raised)
self.area2 = NextBoard()
self.area2.display(self.board.nextCurPiece.nextNum)
self.area2.curPiece=self.board.nextCurPiece
self.stack2.addWidget(self.area2)
# 建立布局
labelCol = 0
mainSplitter = QSplitter(Qt.Horizontal)
mainSplitter.setOpaqueResize(True)
#mainSplitter.setSizes([300,300])
frame = QFrame(mainSplitter)
mainLayout = QGridLayout(frame)
mainLayout.setSpacing(6)
mainLayout.addWidget(label1, 1, labelCol,1,1)
mainLayout.addWidget(self.stack2,2,labelCol,2,2)
mainLayout.addWidget(label2, 5, labelCol,1,1)
mainLayout.addWidget(self.levelLCD,6, labelCol,1,1)
mainLayout.addWidget(label3, 7, labelCol,1,1)
mainLayout.addWidget(self.scoreLCD, 8, labelCol,1,1)
mainLayout.addWidget(self.StartPushButton, 9, labelCol,1,1)
mainLayout.addWidget(self.PausePushButton, 10,labelCol,1,1)
stack1 = QStackedWidget()
stack1.setFrameStyle(QFrame.Panel | QFrame.Raised)
stack1.addWidget(self.board)
mainSplitter1 = QSplitter(Qt.Horizontal)
mainSplitter1.setOpaqueResize(True)
frame1 = QFrame(mainSplitter1)
mainLayout1 = QVBoxLayout(frame1)
# mainLayout1.setMargin(10)
mainLayout1.setSpacing(0)
mainLayout1.addWidget(stack1)
layout = QGridLayout(self)
layout.addWidget(mainSplitter1, 0, 0)
layout.addWidget(mainSplitter, 0, 1)
self.setLayout(layout)
# 信号和槽函数
self.StartPushButton.clicked.connect(self.slotStart)
self.PausePushButton.clicked.connect(self.slotPuse)
self.board.msg2Level.connect(self.slotGetLevel)
self.board.msg2Score.connect(self.slotGetScore)
self.board.msg2NextBoard.connect(self.slotNextBoard)
def slotStart(self, value):
self.board.start()
print('slotStart')
def slotPuse(self, value):
self.board.pause()
print('slotPuse')
def slotGetLevel(self,msg):
print("slotGetLevel = >" + msg)
self.levelLCD.display(msg)
def slotGetScore(self,msg):
print("slotGetScore = >"+msg)
self.scoreLCD.display(msg)
def slotNextBoard(self,msg):
self.area2.display(msg)
self.area2.curPiece=self.board.nextCurPiece
class Board(QMainWindow):
msg2Level = pyqtSignal(object)
msg2Score = pyqtSignal(object)
msg2NextBoard = pyqtSignal(object)
BoardWidth = 10
BoardHeight = 22
Speed = 300
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.setPalette(QPalette(Qt.white))#背景颜色
self.setAutoFillBackground(True)#设置窗体自动填充背景
self.setMinimumSize(300, 600)#背景大小
self.curPiece = Shape()
self.curPiece.setRandomShape()
self.nextCurPiece = Shape()
self.nextCurPiece.setRandomShape()
self.initBoard()
self.start()
self.newPiece()
def initBoard(self):
self.timer = QBasicTimer()
self.isWaitingAfterLine = False
self.curX = 0
self.curY = 0
self.numLinesRemoved = 0
self.board = []#board变量是一个从0到7的数字列表。它代表了面板上各种形状和位置。
self.setFocusPolicy(Qt.StrongFocus)
self.isStarted = False
self.isPaused = False
self.clearBoard()
#shapeAt()方法确定在给定形状块的类型。
def shapeAt(self, x, y):
return self.board[(y * Board.BoardWidth) + x]
def setShapeAt(self, x, y, shape):
self.board[(y * Board.BoardWidth) + x] = shape
def squareWidth(self):
return self.contentsRect().width() // Board.BoardWidth
def squareHeight(self):
return self.contentsRect().height() // Board.BoardHeight
def start(self):
if self.isPaused:
return
self.isStarted = True
self.isWaitingAfterLine = False
self.numLinesRemoved = 0
self.clearBoard()
#self.msg2Statusbar.emit(str(self.numLinesRemoved))
self.newPiece()
self.timer.start(Board.Speed, self)
def pause(self):
if not self.isStarted:
return
self.isPaused = not self.isPaused
if self.isPaused:
self.timer.stop()
else:
self.timer.start(Board.Speed, self)
self.update()
def paintEvent(self, event):
painter = QPainter(self)
rect = self.contentsRect()
boardTop = rect.bottom() - Board.BoardHeight * self.squareHeight()
for i in range(Board.BoardHeight):#第一步,绘制所有方块,这些方块都要保存在底部列表中。列表通过shapeAt() 方法来添加方块。
for j in range(Board.BoardWidth):
shape = self.shapeAt(j, Board.BoardHeight - i - 1)
if shape != Tetrominoe.NoShape:
self.drawSquare(painter,
rect.left() + j * self.squareWidth(),
boardTop + i * self.squareHeight(), shape)
if self.curPiece.shape() != Tetrominoe.NoShape:#第二步绘制下降中的方块
for i in range(4):
x = self.curX + self.curPiece.x(i)
y = self.curY - self.curPiece.y(i)
self.drawSquare(painter, rect.left() + x * self.squareWidth(),
boardTop + (Board.BoardHeight - y - 1) * self.squareHeight(),
self.curPiece.shape())
def keyPressEvent(self, event):
if not self.isStarted or self.curPiece.shape() == Tetrominoe.NoShape:
super(Board, self).keyPressEvent(event)
return
key = event.key()
if key == Qt.Key_P:
self.pause()
return
if self.isPaused:
return
elif key == Qt.Key_Left:
self.tryMove(self.curPiece, self.curX - 1, self.curY)
elif key == Qt.Key_Right:
self.tryMove(self.curPiece, self.curX + 1, self.curY)
elif key == Qt.Key_Down:
self.tryMove(self.curPiece.rotateRight(), self.curX, self.curY)
elif key == Qt.Key_Up:#向上箭头键将旋转方块。
self.tryMove(self.curPiece.rotateLeft(), self.curX, self.curY)
elif key == Qt.Key_Space:#空格键立即下降到底部
self.dropDown()
elif key == Qt.Key_D:#按下D键,可以加速下降。
self.oneLineDown()
else:
super(Board, self).keyPressEvent(event)
#计时器事件,当我们前一个方块降到底部后,创建一个新的方块。
def timerEvent(self, event):
if event.timerId() == self.timer.timerId():
if self.isWaitingAfterLine:
self.isWaitingAfterLine = False
self.newPiece()
else:
self.oneLineDown()
else:
super(Board, self).timerEvent(event)
#clearBoard()方法通过设置Tetrominoe.NoShape清除面板
def clearBoard(self):
for i in range(Board.BoardHeight * Board.BoardWidth):
self.board.append(Tetrominoe.NoShape)
def dropDown(self):
newY = self.curY
while newY > 0:
if not self.tryMove(self.curPiece, self.curX, newY - 1):
break
newY -= 1
self.pieceDropped()
def oneLineDown(self):
if not self.tryMove(self.curPiece, self.curX, self.curY - 1):
self.pieceDropped()
def pieceDropped(self):
for i in range(4):
x = self.curX + self.curPiece.x(i)
y = self.curY - self.curPiece.y(i)
self.setShapeAt(x, y, self.curPiece.shape())
self.removeFullLines()
if not self.isWaitingAfterLine:
self.newPiece()
#如果到达底部,会调用removeFullLines()方法。我们会检查所有完整的线条然后删除它们。然后移动所有行高于当前删除整行一行。请注意,我们反的顺序行被删除。否则,就会出错。
def removeFullLines(self):
numFullLines = 0
rowsToRemove = []
for i in range(Board.BoardHeight):
n = 0
for j in range(Board.BoardWidth):
if not self.shapeAt(j, i) == Tetrominoe.NoShape:
n = n + 1
if n == 10:
rowsToRemove.append(i)
rowsToRemove.reverse()
for m in rowsToRemove:
for k in range(m, Board.BoardHeight):
for l in range(Board.BoardWidth):
self.setShapeAt(l, k, self.shapeAt(l, k + 1))
numFullLines = numFullLines + len(rowsToRemove)
if numFullLines > 0:
self.numLinesRemoved = self.numLinesRemoved + numFullLines
#self.msg2Statusbar.emit(str(self.numLinesRemoved))
self.msg2Score.emit(str(self.numLinesRemoved))
self.isWaitingAfterLine = True
self.curPiece.setShape(Tetrominoe.NoShape)
self.update()
# 通过newPiece()方法创建一个新的方块,如果不能进入它的初始位置,游戏就结束了。
def newPiece(self):
self.curPiece = Shape()
self.curPiece.setRandomShape()
self.tempCurPiece = Shape()
self.tempCurPiece = self.nextCurPiece
self.nextCurPiece = self.curPiece
self.curPiece = self.tempCurPiece
self.msg2NextBoard.emit(str(self.nextCurPiece.nextNum))
self.curX = Board.BoardWidth // 2 + 1
self.curY = Board.BoardHeight - 1 + self.curPiece.minY()
if not self.tryMove(self.curPiece, self.curX, self.curY):
self.curPiece.setShape(Tetrominoe.NoShape)
self.timer.stop()
self.isStarted = False
#self.msg2Statusbar.emit("Game over")
#使用tryMove()方法尝试移动方块。如果方块的边缘已经接触到面板边缘或者不能移动,我们返回False。否则我们当前块下降到一个新的位置。
def tryMove(self, newPiece, newX, newY):
for i in range(4):
x = newX + newPiece.x(i)
y = newY - newPiece.y(i)
if x < 0 or x >= Board.BoardWidth or y < 0 or y >= Board.BoardHeight:
return False
if self.shapeAt(x, y) != Tetrominoe.NoShape:
return False
self.curPiece = newPiece
self.curX = newX
self.curY = newY
self.update()
return True
def drawSquare(self, painter, x, y, shape):
colorTable = [0x000000, 0xCC6666, 0x66CC66, 0x6666CC,
0xCCCC66, 0xCC66CC, 0x66CCCC, 0xDAAA00]
color = QColor(colorTable[shape])
painter.fillRect(x + 1, y + 1, self.squareWidth() - 2,
self.squareHeight() - 2, color)
painter.setPen(color.lighter())
painter.drawLine(x, y + self.squareHeight() - 1, x, y)
painter.drawLine(x, y, x + self.squareWidth() - 1, y)
painter.setPen(color.darker())
painter.drawLine(x + 1, y + self.squareHeight() - 1,
x + self.squareWidth() - 1, y + self.squareHeight() - 1)
painter.drawLine(x + self.squareWidth() - 1,
y + self.squareHeight() - 1, x + self.squareWidth() - 1, y + 1)
class NextBoard(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.setPalette(QPalette(Qt.white))#背景颜色
self.setAutoFillBackground(True)#设置窗体自动填充背景
#self.setMinimumSize(3, 3)#背景大小
self.curPiece = Shape()
self.shape = 1
self.BoardWidth = 3.5
self.BoardHeight = 6
def display(self,msg):
self.shape = msg
self.update()
def squareWidth(self):
return self.contentsRect().width() // self.BoardWidth
def squareHeight(self):
return self.contentsRect().height() // self.BoardHeight
def paintEvent(self,event):
painter = QPainter(self)
rect = self.contentsRect()
boardTop = rect.bottom() - self.BoardHeight * self.squareHeight()
for i in range(4):
x = 1 + self.curPiece.x(i)
y = 1+ self.curPiece.y(i)
self.drawSquare(painter, rect.left() + x * self.squareWidth(),
boardTop + (self.BoardHeight - y - 1) * self.squareHeight(),
self.shape)
def drawSquare(self, painter, x, y, shape):
colorTable = [0x000000, 0xCC6666, 0x66CC66, 0x6666CC,
0xCCCC66, 0xCC66CC, 0x66CCCC, 0xDAAA00]
color = QColor(colorTable[int(shape)])
painter.fillRect(x + 1, y + 1, self.squareWidth() - 2,
self.squareHeight() - 2, color)
painter.setPen(color.lighter())
painter.drawLine(x, y + self.squareHeight() - 1, x, y)
painter.drawLine(x, y, x + self.squareWidth() - 1, y)
painter.setPen(color.darker())
painter.drawLine(x + 1, y + self.squareHeight() - 1,
x + self.squareWidth() - 1, y + self.squareHeight() - 1)
painter.drawLine(x + self.squareWidth() - 1,
y + self.squareHeight() - 1, x + self.squareWidth() - 1, y + 1)
#Tetrominoe类包含所有可能的形状。NoShape空形状。
class Tetrominoe(object):
NoShape = 0
ZShape = 1
SShape = 2
LineShape = 3
TShape = 4
SquareShape = 5
LShape = 6
MirroredLShape = 7
#Shape 类保存方块信息
class Shape(object):
coordsTable = (
((0, 0), (0, 0), (0, 0), (0, 0)),
((0, -1), (0, 0), (-1, 0), (-1, 1)),
((0, -1), (0, 0), (1, 0), (1, 1)),
((0, -1), (0, 0), (0, 1), (0, 2)),
((-1, 0), (0, 0), (1, 0), (0, 1)),
((0, 0), (1, 0), (0, 1), (1, 1)),
((-1, -1), (0, -1), (0, 0), (0, 1)),
((1, -1), (0, -1), (0, 0), (0, 1))
)
def __init__(self):
self.coords = [[0, 0] for i in range(4)]
self.pieceShape = Tetrominoe.NoShape
self.setShape(Tetrominoe.NoShape)
self.nextNum = 0
def shape(self):
return self.pieceShape
def setShape(self, shape):
self.nextNum = shape
table = Shape.coordsTable[shape]
for i in range(4):
for j in range(2):
self.coords[i][j] = table[i][j]
self.pieceShape = shape
def setRandomShape(self):
self.setShape(random.randint(1, 7))
def x(self, index):
return self.coords[index][0]
def y(self, index):
return self.coords[index][1]
def setX(self, index, x):
self.coords[index][0] = x
def setY(self, index, y):
self.coords[index][1] = y
def minX(self):
m = self.coords[0][0]
for i in range(4):
m = min(m, self.coords[i][0])
return m
def maxX(self):
m = self.coords[0][0]
for i in range(4):
m = max(m, self.coords[i][0])
return m
def minY(self):
m = self.coords[0][1]
for i in range(4):
m = min(m, self.coords[i][1])
return m
def maxY(self):
m = self.coords[0][1]
for i in range(4):
m = max(m, self.coords[i][1])
return m
def rotateLeft(self):
if self.pieceShape == Tetrominoe.SquareShape:
return self
result = Shape()
result.pieceShape = self.pieceShape
for i in range(4):
result.setX(i, self.y(i))
result.setY(i, -self.x(i))
return result
def rotateRight(self):
if self.pieceShape == Tetrominoe.SquareShape:
return self
result = Shape()
result.pieceShape = self.pieceShape
for i in range(4):
result.setX(i, -self.y(i))
result.setY(i, self.x(i))
return result
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
form = StockDialog()
form.show()
app.exec_()