更新用户名为4位的用户,让其已有年龄-3
UPDATE csm_user SET age=age-3 WHERE username LIKE ‘__‘;
更新前3条几率,让已有年龄+10
UPDATE smc_user SET age=age+10 LIMIT 3;
按照id降序排列,更新前3调
UPDATE smd_user SET age=age+10 ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 3;
删除用户性别为男的用户,按照年龄降序排列, 删除1条前记录
DELETE FROM user WHERE sex=’男’ ORDER BY age DESC LIMIT 1;
查询cms_user id,username
provinces,proname
SELECT cms_user.id,username,proName FROM cms_proName,provinces;
cms_user的proid对应省份表中的id
SELECT cms_user.id,username,proName FROM cms_proName,provinces
WHERE cms_user.proid=provinces.id;
查询cms_user表中id,username,email,sex
查询provinces表中的proName
SELECT u.id,u.username,u.email,u.sex,p.proName
FROM cms_user AS u
INNER JOIN provinces AS p
ON u.proid=p.id;
查询cms_user id,lusername,sex
查询provinces proName
条件是cms_user 的性别为男的用户
根据proname分组
SELECT u.id,u.username,u.sex,p.proName,COUNT(*) AS totalusers,GROUP_CONCAT(username)
FROM cms_user AS u
INNER JOIN provinces AS p
ON u.proid=p.id
WHERE u.sex=’男’
GROUP BY p.proName;
对分组结果进行筛选,选出组中人数大于1的用户
SELECT u.id,u.username,u.sex,p.proName,COUNT(*) AS totalusers,GROUP_CONCAT(username)
FROM cms_user AS u
INNER JOIN provinces AS p
ON u.proid=p.id
WHERE u.sex=’男’
GROUP BY p.proName
HAVING COUNT(*)>=1;
按照id升序排列
SELECT u.id,u.username,u.sex,p.proName,COUNT(*) AS totalusers,GROUP_CONCAT(username)
FROM cms_user AS u
INNER JOIN provinces AS p
ON u.proid=p.id
WHERE u.sex=’男’
GROUP BY p.proName
HAVING COUNT(*)>=1
ORDER BY u.id ASC;
限制显示条数 ,前2条
SELECT u.id,u.username,u.sex,p.proName,COUNT(*) AS totalusers,GROUP_CONCAT(username)
FROM cms_user AS u
INNER JOIN provinces AS p
ON u.proid=p.id
WHERE u.sex=’男’
GROUP BY p.proName
HAVING COUNT(*)>=1
ORDER BY u.id ASC
LIMIT 0,2;
3个表的链接
SELECT u.id,p.id,a.id
FROM cms_user AS u
JOIN
cms_new AS p
ON u.id=p.id
JOIN
cms_sd AS a
ON u.id=a.id;
外连接 (左)
SELECT u.id,p.id,a.id
FROM cms_user AS u
LEFT JOIN
cms_new AS p
ON u.id=p.id
JOIN
cms_sd AS a
ON u.id=a.id;
外连接 (右)
SELECT u.id,p.id,a.id
FROM cms_user AS u
RIGHT JOIN
cms_new AS p
ON u.id=p.id
JOIN
cms_sd AS a
ON u.id=a.id;
外键的操作,在创建表的时候添加(创建父子关系) FOREIGN KEY(cms_admin) REFERENCES cms_admi(id)
删除外键
ALTER TABLE employee DROP FOREIGN KEY em_fk_dep;
添加外键
ALTER TABLE employee ADD CONSTRAINT emp_fk_dep FOREIGN KEY(depid) REFERENCES departemen(id);
删除主表,对应的子表也删除 (在创建子表中加入ON DELETE CASCADE)
更新主表,对应的子表也删除 (在创建子表中加入NO UPDATE CASCADE)
联合查询(UNION合并在一起,去掉重复)(UNION ALL合并在一起)
SELECT username FROM employee UNION SELECT username FROM cms_user;