一对一查询
先创建好查询方法以及方法实现:
在数据库中,建立userinfo表和articleinfo表的关系(一篇文章对应一个作者):
@Data
public class Articleinfo {
private Integer id;
private String title;
private String content;
private LocalDateTime createtime;
private LocalDateTime updatetime;
private Integer rcount;
// 包含了 userinfo 对象
private Userinfo user;
}
@Mapper
public interface ArticleInfoMapper {
List<Articleinfo> getAll();
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.example.myblog.mapper.ArticleInfoMapper">
<select id="getAll" resultType="com.example.myblog.model.Articleinfo">
select a.*,u.* from articleinfo a left join userinfo u on a.uid=u.id
</select>
</mapper>
@SpringBootTest
class ArticleInfoMapperTest {
@Autowired
private ArticleInfoMapper articleInfoMapper;
@Test
void getAll() {
List<Articleinfo> list = articleInfoMapper.getAll();
System.out.println();
System.out.println(list);
System.out.println();
}
}
结果:
[Articleinfo(id=1, title=Java, content=Java正?, createtime=2022-10-05T16:44:28, updatetime=2022-10-05T16:44:28, rcount=1, user=null), Articleinfo(id=2, title=Spring, content=Spring正文, createtime=2022-10-05T16:57:40, updatetime=2022-10-05T16:57:40, rcount=1, user=null)]
可以看到并没有将user 信息查询出来,所以这样的查询方式不对。
正确的操作方法如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.example.myblog.mapper.ArticleInfoMapper">
<resultMap id="BaseMap" type="com.example.myblog.model.Articleinfo">
<!--1.主键映射-->
<id property="id" column="id"></id>
<!--2.普通字段映射-->
<result property="title" column="title"></result>
<result property="content" column="content"></result>
<result property="createtime" column="createtime"></result>
<result property="updatetime" column="updatetime"></result>
<result property="rcount" column="rcount"></result>
<!--3.关联关系-->
<association property="user"
resultMap="com.example.myblog.mapper.UserMapper.BaseMap"
columnPrefix="u_">
</association>
</resultMap>
<select id="getAll" resultMap="BaseMap">
select a.*,u.id u_id,u.username u_username,u.password u_password from articleinfo a left join userinfo u on a.uid=u.id
</select>
</mapper>
结果:
[Articleinfo(id=1, title=Java, content=Java正?, createtime=2022-10-05T16:44:28, updatetime=2022-10-05T16:44:28, rcount=1, user=Userinfo(id=1, name=admin, password=admin, photo=null, createtime=null, updatetime=null, state=0)), Articleinfo(id=2, title=Spring, content=Spring正文, createtime=2022-10-05T16:57:40, updatetime=2022-10-05T16:57:40, rcount=1, user=Userinfo(id=1, name=admin, password=admin, photo=null, createtime=null, updatetime=null, state=0))]
在上面<association>标签里面的user一定要和Articleinfo里面的user一致,不然就查询不到数据了
一对多查询
先创建好查询方法以及方法实现:
在数据库中,建立userinfo表和articleinfo表的关系(一个作者对应多篇文章):
@Data
@ToString
public class Userinfo {
private int id;
private String name;
private String password;
private String photo;
private LocalDateTime createtime;
private LocalDateTime updatetime;
private int state;
private List<Articleinfo> artList;
}
@Mapper
public interface UserMapper {
List<Userinfo> getAll3();
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.example.myblog.mapper.UserMapper">
<resultMap id="BaseMap2" type="com.example.myblog.model.Userinfo">
<!--映射主键的(表中主键和程序实体类中的主键)-->
<id column="id" property="id"></id>
<!--普通列的映射-->
<result column="username" property="name"></result>
<result column="password" property="password"></result>
<result column="photo" property="photo"></result>
<result column="createtime" property="createtime"></result>
<result column="updatetime" property="updatetime"></result>
<!--外部关系-->
<collection property="artList"
resultMap="com.example.myblog.mapper.ArticleInfoMapper.BaseMap"
columnPrefix="a_">
</collection>
</resultMap>
<select id="getAll3" resultMap="BaseMap2">
select u.*,a.id a_id,a.title a_title from userinfo u left join articleinfo a on u.id=a.uid
</select>
</mapper>
@SpringBootTest
class UserMapperTest {
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
@Test
void getAll3() {
List<Userinfo> userinfo = userMapper.getAll3();
System.out.println(userinfo);
}
}
结果:
[Userinfo(id=1, name=admin, password=admin, photo=, createtime=2021-12-06T17:10:48, updatetime=2021-12-06T17:10:48, state=0, artList=[Articleinfo(id=1, title=Java, content=null, createtime=null, updatetime=null, rcount=null, user=null), Articleinfo(id=2, title=Spring, content=null, createtime=null, updatetime=null, rcount=null, user=null)])]
动态SQL的使用
在之前学习JDBC的时候,有时会遇到拼接SQL语句的情况,比如拼接的SQL要添加空格、拼接的时候去掉列表最后一个列名的逗号,如果使用动态SQL就能彻底摆脱这种痛苦。
<if>标签
有时我们添加字段的时候,有些字段是非必填项,这个时候就可以用到动态SQL中的<if>标签,它的语法如下:
<if test="...">
参数名,
</if>
...
<if test="...">
#{参数名}
</if>
它的含义是当某个字段不存在时,SQL语句就不用拼接该字段,存在时就需要拼接该字段
演示如下:
@Mapper
public interface UserMapper {
int add3(String username,String password,String p,int state);
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.example.myblog.mapper.UserMapper">
<insert id="add3">
insert into userinfo(username,password,
<if test="p!=null">
photo,
</if>
state)
value(#{username},#{password},
<if test="p!=null">
#{p},
</if>
#{state})
</insert>
</mapper>
@SpringBootTest
class UserMapperTest {
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
@Test
void add3() {
userMapper.add3("张三","zhangsan",null,1);
}
}
结果:
@SpringBootTest
class UserMapperTest {
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
@Test
void add3() {
userMapper.add3("张三","zhangsan","img.gpj",1);
}
}
<trim>标签
<if>标签适合用来判断一个选填项,如果有多个字段都是选填的话,这个时候就要用到<trim>标签了,<trim>标签和<if>标签配合一起使用:
在使用<trim>标签之前先来掌握一下它的属性:
prefix:表示整个语句块以prefix的值作为前缀;
suffix:表示整个语句块以suffix的值作为后缀;
prefixOverrides:表示去掉整个语句块最前面符合条件的字符;
suffixOverrides:表示去掉整个语句块最后面符合条件的字符;
演示如下:
@Mapper
public interface UserMapper {
int add4(String username,String password,String p,Integer state);
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.example.myblog.mapper.UserMapper">
<insert id="add4">
insert into userinfo
<trim prefix="(" suffix=")" suffixOverrides=",">
<if test="username!=null">
username,
</if>
<if test="password!=null">
password,
</if>
<if test="p!=null">
photo,
</if>
<if test="state!=null">
state,
</if>
</trim>
values
<trim prefix="(" suffix=")" suffixOverrides=",">
<if test="username!=null">
#{username},
</if>
<if test="password!=null">
#{password},
</if>
<if test="p!=null">
#{p},
</if>
<if test="state!=null">
#{state},
</if>
</trim>
</insert>
</mapper>
上面的p不是字段名,而是传递过来的参数名
@SpringBootTest
class UserMapperTest {
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
@Test
void add4() {
userMapper.add4("张三","zhangsan",null,null);
}
}
<where>标签
传入的用户对象,根据属性做where条件查询,用户对象中属性不为null的,都为查询条件。
演示如下:
@Mapper
public interface UserMapper {
Userinfo login2(String username, String password);
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.example.myblog.mapper.UserMapper">
<select id="login2" resultType="com.example.myblog.model.Userinfo">
select * from userinfo
<where>
<if test="username!=null">
and username=#{username}
</if>
<if test="password!=null">
and password=#{password}
</if>
</where>
</select>
</mapper>
@SpringBootTest
class UserMapperTest {
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
@Test
void login2() {
Userinfo userinfo = userMapper.login2(null, "admin");
System.out.println(userinfo);
}
}
<where>标签有两个作用:
1.生成where,如果有查询条件那么会生成where,如果没有查询条件就会忽略where;
2.where会判断第一个查询条件前面有没有and,如果有则会删除;
上面的<where>标签也可以使用<trim prefix="where" prefixOverrides="and">替换
<set>标签
如果需要根据传入的用户对象属性来更新用户数据,则可以使用<set>标签来指定动态内容。
例如:更新文章表中第一条记录:
@Mapper
public interface UserMapper {
int updateContent(String title, String content,Integer id);
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.example.myblog.mapper.UserMapper">
<update id="updateContent">
update articleinfo
<set>
<if test="title!=null">
title=#{title},
</if>
<if test="content!=null">
content=#{content},
</if>
</set>
where id=#{id}
</update>
</mapper>
@SpringBootTest
class UserMapperTest {
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
@Test
void updateContent() {
int updateContent = userMapper.updateContent(null, "Java正文信息",1);
Assertions.assertEquals(1,updateContent);
}
}
在这个例子中,set元素会动态地在行首插入set关键字,并会删除掉额外的逗号(这些逗号是在使用条件语句给列赋值时引入的)。或者可以使用<trim prefix="set" suffixOverrides=",">替换
<foreach>标签
对集合进行遍历时可以使用改标签。<foreach>标签有如下属性:
- collection:绑定方法参数中的集合,如List、Set、Map或者数组对象;
- item:遍历时的每一个对象;
- open:语句块开头的字符串;
- close:语句块结束的字符串;
- separator:每次遍历之间间隔的字符串;
例如根据多个文章id来删除文章数据:
@Mapper
public interface UserMapper {
int dels(List<Integer> list);
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.example.myblog.mapper.UserMapper">
<delete id="dels">
delete from articleinfo where id in
<foreach collection="list" item="item" open="(" close=")" separator=",">
#{item}
</foreach>
</delete>
</mapper>
@SpringBootTest
class UserMapperTest {
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
@Test
void dels() {
List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>();
list.add(1);
list.add(2);
int i = userMapper.dels(list);
System.out.println(i);
}
}