from : http://www.cnblogs.com/JCSU/articles/1190685.html
假设有一个叫
data.txt 的文件, 它包含以下内容:
Fry: One Jillion dollars.
[Everyone gasps.]
Auctioneer: Sir, that's not a number.
数据读取, 测试 。
以下就是基于 data.txt 的数据读取操作:
#include
<
iostream
>
#include
<
fstream
>
#include
<string
>
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/f0cd6c7f9e7ae96feae062cb48f670f0.gif)
using
namespace
std;
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/f0cd6c7f9e7ae96feae062cb48f670f0.gif)
//
输出空行
void
OutPutAnEmptyLine()
{
cout<<"\n";
}
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/f0cd6c7f9e7ae96feae062cb48f670f0.gif)
//
读取方式: 逐词读取, 词之间用空格区分
//
read data from the file, Word By Word
//
when used in this manner, we'll get space-delimited bits of text from the file
//
but all of the whitespace that separated words (including newlines) was lost.
void
ReadDataFromFileWBW()
{
ifstream fin("data.txt");
string s;
while( fin >> s )
{
cout << "Read from file: " << s << endl;
}
}
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/f0cd6c7f9e7ae96feae062cb48f670f0.gif)
//
读取方式: 逐行读取, 将行读入字符数组, 行之间用回车换行区分
//
If we were interested in preserving whitespace,
//
we could read the file in Line-By-Line using the I/O getline() function.
void
ReadDataFromFileLBLIntoCharArray()
{
ifstream fin("data.txt");
const int LINE_LENGTH = 100;
char str[LINE_LENGTH];
while( fin.getline(str,LINE_LENGTH) )
{
cout << "Read from file: " << str << endl;
}
}
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/f0cd6c7f9e7ae96feae062cb48f670f0.gif)
//
读取方式: 逐行读取, 将行读入字符串, 行之间用回车换行区分
//
If you want to avoid reading into character arrays,
//
you can use the C++ string getline() function to read lines into strings
void
ReadDataFromFileLBLIntoString()
{
ifstream fin("data.txt");
string s;
while( getline(fin,s) )
{
cout << "Read from file: " << s << endl;
}
}
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/f0cd6c7f9e7ae96feae062cb48f670f0.gif)
//
带错误检测的读取方式
//
Simply evaluating an I/O object in a boolean context will return false
//
if any errors have occurred
void
ReadDataWithErrChecking()
{
string filename = "dataFUNNY.txt";
ifstream fin( filename.c_str());
if( !fin )
{
cout << "Error opening " << filename << " for input" << endl;
exit(-1);
}
}
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/f0cd6c7f9e7ae96feae062cb48f670f0.gif)
int
main()
{
ReadDataFromFileWBW(); //逐词读入字符串
OutPutAnEmptyLine(); //输出空行
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/587e34b10dcf5efbc0859b53470a2db3.gif)
ReadDataFromFileLBLIntoCharArray(); //逐词读入字符数组
OutPutAnEmptyLine(); //输出空行
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/587e34b10dcf5efbc0859b53470a2db3.gif)
ReadDataFromFileLBLIntoString(); //逐词读入字符串
OutPutAnEmptyLine(); //输出空行
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/587e34b10dcf5efbc0859b53470a2db3.gif)
ReadDataWithErrChecking(); //带检测的读取
return 0;
}
输出结果为:
Read from file: Fry:
Read from file: One
Read from file: Jillion
Read from file: dollars.
Read from file: [Everyone
Read from file: gasps.]
Read from file: Auctioneer:
Read from file: Sir,
Read from file: that's
Read from file: not
Read from file: a
Read from file: number.
Read from file: 数据读取,
Read from file: 测试
Read from file: 。
Read from file: Fry: One Jillion dollars.
Read from file: [Everyone gasps.]
Read from file: Auctioneer: Sir, that's not a number.
Read from file: 数据读取, 测试 。
Read from file: Fry: One Jillion dollars.
Read from file: [Everyone gasps.]
Read from file: Auctioneer: Sir, that's not a number.
Read from file: 数据读取, 测试 。
Error opening dataFUNNY.txt for input
Press any key to continue
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/f0cd6c7f9e7ae96feae062cb48f670f0.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/f0cd6c7f9e7ae96feae062cb48f670f0.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/f0cd6c7f9e7ae96feae062cb48f670f0.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/f0cd6c7f9e7ae96feae062cb48f670f0.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/f0cd6c7f9e7ae96feae062cb48f670f0.gif)
以下就是基于 data.txt 的数据读取操作:
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/f0cd6c7f9e7ae96feae062cb48f670f0.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/f0cd6c7f9e7ae96feae062cb48f670f0.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/f0cd6c7f9e7ae96feae062cb48f670f0.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/f0cd6c7f9e7ae96feae062cb48f670f0.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/f0cd6c7f9e7ae96feae062cb48f670f0.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/f0cd6c7f9e7ae96feae062cb48f670f0.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/f0cd6c7f9e7ae96feae062cb48f670f0.gif)
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![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/587e34b10dcf5efbc0859b53470a2db3.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/3112b7b6526db5bc83e275260ae60525.gif)
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![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/587e34b10dcf5efbc0859b53470a2db3.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/587e34b10dcf5efbc0859b53470a2db3.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/587e34b10dcf5efbc0859b53470a2db3.gif)
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![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/587e34b10dcf5efbc0859b53470a2db3.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/587e34b10dcf5efbc0859b53470a2db3.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/587e34b10dcf5efbc0859b53470a2db3.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/587e34b10dcf5efbc0859b53470a2db3.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/587e34b10dcf5efbc0859b53470a2db3.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/4fd96b3cf02f4c7b5c8964ac8167f7af.gif)
输出结果为:
Read from file: Fry:
Read from file: One
Read from file: Jillion
Read from file: dollars.
Read from file: [Everyone
Read from file: gasps.]
Read from file: Auctioneer:
Read from file: Sir,
Read from file: that's
Read from file: not
Read from file: a
Read from file: number.
Read from file: 数据读取,
Read from file: 测试
Read from file: 。
Read from file: Fry: One Jillion dollars.
Read from file: [Everyone gasps.]
Read from file: Auctioneer: Sir, that's not a number.
Read from file: 数据读取, 测试 。
Read from file: Fry: One Jillion dollars.
Read from file: [Everyone gasps.]
Read from file: Auctioneer: Sir, that's not a number.
Read from file: 数据读取, 测试 。
Error opening dataFUNNY.txt for input
Press any key to continue
二、
cin.getline
此函数是按行读取,其语法为:cin.getline(字符指针,字符个数N,结束符);
功能是:一次读取多个字符(包括空白字符),直到读满N-1个,或者遇到指定的结束符为止(默认的是以'\n'结束)。
例:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
char a[10];
cin.getline(a,10);
for(int i=0;i<10;i++)
cout<<a[i]<<" ";
}
输入:1234567890123
输出:1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 _ (第10位存放字符串结束符'\0')