基于XML配置的SpringMVC项目示例

学习时搭建，留此备忘。

使用Maven创建webapp项目或使用Eclipse创建Dynamic Web Project。创建好项目以后，先设置项目编码，环境，添加tomcat服务器支持等准备工作。修改pom.xml并添加项目依赖。

<dependencies>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/junit/junit -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.12</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-core -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
        <version>4.3.0.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-context -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        <version>4.3.0.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-beans -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
        <version>4.3.0.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-jdbc -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
        <version>4.3.0.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-web -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
        <version>4.3.0.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>4.3.0.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.1</version>
      <!-- 配置项目编译使用jdk版本，使用maven创建项目默认为1.5所以需要在此处配置该项目JDK编译的版本，否则编译会报错-->
            <configuration>
                <source>1.8</source>
                <target>1.8</target>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

完成了以上工作，下面开始配置mvc-dispatcher-servlet.xml文件，该配置文件为SpringMVC基础配置，主要配置响应的视图解析器以及其他一些需要用到的功能

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
  <!--配置注解驱动，配置后可使用注解的方式注册组件-->
  <mvc:annotation-driven />
  <!--组件扫描，会扫描base-package包及其自包下使用注解方式注册的类，方法等，-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.xbased.controller">
    </context:component-scan>
  <!--视图解析器，此处为JSP视图解析器，也可以有其他类型，参照官网说明文档-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    <!--Controller返回视图名的前缀-->
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/" />
    <!--Controller返回视图名的后缀-->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>
</beans>

配置完mvc-dispatcher-servlet后在web容器中注册DispatcherServlet类

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
    version="3.1">
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <!--使用Spring与SpringMVC集成时，不需要注册ContextLoadListener监听器，直接将Spring配置文件放到这里便可若单独配置listener可能会造成注入对象为null的错误（我是这个样子）-->
            <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml /WEB-INF/mvc-dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

  <!--配置mvc-dispatcher-servlet的过滤规则，过滤所有以.rsq结尾的请求，当然这个可以自己定义，但是最好不要使用"/"因为有些时候会造成将js或者css一并过滤掉得可能，造成资源无法加载-->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>*.rsq</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

最后，编写View以及Controller进行测试
1.测试Controller

package com.xbased.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;

import com.xbased.service.UserService;

@Controller
public class UserController {

    public UserController() {
        System.out.println("UserController ...");
    }

    @RequestMapping(value="/rs/greeting.rsq",method=RequestMethod.GET)
    public String greeting(@RequestParam(value="xxx",required=false,defaultValue="world") String name,Model model){
        model.addAttribute("name",name);
        service.sayGreeting();
    //返回视图名称，视图解析器会为其加上前后缀
        return "greeting";

    }

}

测试 打开浏览器键入：http://localhost:8080/Xmlbased/rs/greeting.rsq