介绍
laravel入门及技术指南,参见相关文章。laravel集成使用消息中间件rabbitmq,提供服务器异步消息处理,提升服务器性能。下面谈谈如何安装及集成使用。
安装
安装环境为centos7.6,php7.2.33
安装rabbitmq
//拉取镜像
# docker pull rabbitmq
//生成容器
# docker run -p 5672:5672 -p 15672:15672 -d --name rabbitmq -v /docker/rabbitmq:/var/lib/rabbitmq --privileged=true -e RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_VHOST=my_vhost -e RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_USER=admin -e RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_PASS=admin rabbitmq
//查看容器状态
# docker ps
//进入容器
# docker exec -it rabbitmq bash
进入容器内安装rabbitmq_management
rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
成功后,浏览器访问http://ip:15672/ 登录 admin/admin
安装php的rabbitmq扩展
查找、安装rabbitmq包。
# yum search rabbitmq
# yum install -y librabbitmq.x86_64
安装php的amqp扩展
找到phpize,php编译工具
xxx/php/72/bin/phpize
准备素材包amqp-1.10.2.tgz、rabbitmq-c-0.8.0.tar.gz,放到/home下
//解压缩
home# tar zxvf amqp-1.10.2.tgz
home# tar zxvf rabbitmq-c-0.8.0.tar.gz
//生成编译文件 configure
home/amqp-1.10.2# xxx/php/72/bin/phpize
home/rabbitmq-c-0.8.0# xxx/php/72/bin/phpize
//这样amqp-1.10.2、rabbitmq-c-0.8.0下都生成了configure编译文件
编译安装
/home/rabbitmq-c-0.8.0#./configure --prefix=/home/rabbitmq-c-0.8.0
/home/rabbitmq-c-0.8.0# make && make install
home/amqp-1.10.2# ./configure --with-php-config=/www/server/php/72/bin/php-config --with-amqp --with-librabbitmq-dir=/home/rabbitmq-c-0.8.0
home/amqp-1.10.2# make && make install
成功后生成amqp.so,自动放在php扩展目录下,然后对相应php.ini中配置如下:
[rabbitmq]
extension = xxx/php/72/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20170718/amqp.so
我们查看php -m,看是否安装成功
代码集成
laravel框架提供了rabbitmq集成
laravel需要composer安装的依赖包如下,采用laravels(laravel+swoole)提高性能。
"dingo/api": "^3.0",
"hhxsv5/laravel-s": "^3.7",
"vladimir-yuldashev/laravel-queue-rabbitmq": "10.X"
laravel配置rabbitmq
.env文件
...
#laravel默认连接为sync,改为rabbitmq
QUEUE_CONNECTION=rabbitmq
#增加rabbitmq
QUEUE_DRIVER=rabbitmq
RABBITMQ_HOST=172.17.0.3
RABBITMQ_PORT=5672
RABBITMQ_USER=admin
RABBITMQ_PASSWORD=admin
RABBITMQ_VHOST=my_vhost
RABBITMQ_QUEUE=lmrs
注: 上述172.17.0.3是rabbitmq安装后的容器ip。
config/queue.php,修改增加rabbitmq配置
'rabbitmq' => [
'driver' => 'rabbitmq',
'queue' => env('RABBITMQ_QUEUE', 'default'),
'connection' => PhpAmqpLib\Connection\AMQPLazyConnection::class,
'hosts' => [
[
'host' => env('RABBITMQ_HOST', '127.0.0.1'),
'port' => env('RABBITMQ_PORT', 5672),
'user' => env('RABBITMQ_USER', 'guest'),
'password' => env('RABBITMQ_PASSWORD', 'guest'),
'vhost' => env('RABBITMQ_VHOST', '/'),
],
],
'options' => [
'ssl_options' => [
'cafile' => env('RABBITMQ_SSL_CAFILE', null),
'local_cert' => env('RABBITMQ_SSL_LOCALCERT', null),
'local_key' => env('RABBITMQ_SSL_LOCALKEY', null),
'verify_peer' => env('RABBITMQ_SSL_VERIFY_PEER', true),
'passphrase' => env('RABBITMQ_SSL_PASSPHRASE', null),
],
'queue' => [
'job' => \VladimirYuldashev\LaravelQueueRabbitMQ\Queue\Jobs\RabbitMQJob::class,
]
],
/*
* Set to "horizon" if you wish to use Laravel Horizon.
*/
'worker' => env('RABBITMQ_WORKER', 'default'),
]
业务代码用例
服务类RabbitmqService:主要提供了rabbitmq服务的连接、推送到消息队列、取出消息等,这些基本方法。
services/RabbitmqService.php
class RabbitmqService{
//取得rabbitmq连接
public static function getConnect() {
$config = [
'host' => env('RABBITMQ_HOST', '127.0.0.1'),
'port' => env('RABBITMQ_PORT', 5672),
'user' => env('RABBITMQ_USER', 'guest'),
'password' => env('RABBITMQ_PASSWORD', 'guest'),
'vhost' => env('RABBITMQ_VHOST', '/'),
];
return new AMQPStreamConnection($config["host"],$config["port"],$config["user"],$config["password"],$config["vhost"]);
}
//推送到消息队列
public static function push($queue,$messageBody,$exchange='router') {
$connection = self::getConnect();
$channel = $connection->channel();
//声明一个队列
$channel->queue_declare($queue,false,true,false,false);
$channel->exchange_declare($exchange,'direct',false,true,false);
$channel->queue_bind($queue,$exchange);
$message = new AMQPMessage($messageBody,array('content_type' => 'text/plain', 'delivery_mode' => AMQPMessage::DELIVERY_MODE_PERSISTENT));
$channel->basic_publish($message,$exchange);
$channel->close();
$connection->close();
}
//取出消息
public static function pop($queue,$callback,$exchange='router')
{
$connection = self::getConnect();
$channel = $connection->channel();
$message = $channel->basic_get($queue);
$res = $callback($message->getBody());
if ($res){
$channel->basic_ack($message->getDeliveryTag());
}
$channel->close();
$connection->close();
}
}
消息处理类:主要将消息通过调用上述消息服务连接、推送、取出基本接口调用,进行消息的处理。
Jobs/UpdateProduct.php,本例给出一个获取消息,推送消息队列,并在redis缓存消息表示消费消息,rabbitmq的内部ack应答机制保证消息可靠,保证在执行消息读取后处理(这是只是redis缓存当作处理)能完整完成,不会因故障导致消息丢失。
class UpdateProduct implements ShouldQueue{
use Dispatchable, InteractsWithQueue, Queueable, SerializesModels;
protected $productKey;
/**
* Create a new job instance.
* 构造方法传入数据消息,生成消息键值,并放入消息队列
* @return void
*/
public function __construct($data)
{
$this->productKey = "Lmrs::product::info::".$data->id;
RabbitmqService::push('update_queue',$data);
}
/**
* Execute the job.
* 取出消息的处理
* @return void
*/
public function handle()
{
RabbitmqService::pop('update_queue',function ($message){
$product = app('redis')->set($this->productKey,serialize($message));
if (!$product){
return;
}
print_r($message);
});
}
//异常或失败的处理
public function failed(\Exception $exception) {
print_r($exception->getMessage());
}
}
业务产生消息的控制类:业务中产生消息,并调用上述消息处理器,进入rabbitmq服务器。
ProductController.php。本例模拟一个更新商品名称信息的简单用例,将更新消息推送给rabbitmq进行处理。
class ProductController extends Controller{
...
//测试消息中间件rabbitmq
public function update(Request $request) {
$product = Product::find($request->input("id"));
$product->update([
"name" => $request->input("name"),
"long_name" => $request->input("long_name")
]);
//return Product::find($request->input("id"));
if ($product){
$this->dispatch(new UpdateProduct(Product::find($request->input("id"))));
return "success";
}
return "Failed";
}
}
运行测试
测试
我们用postman工具,模拟发送请求
消息监听
laravel框架提供rabbitmq监听工具,上述配置好laravel的rabbitmq相关参数,运行下面
# php artisan queue:work rabbitmq
注:有时会报错“pcntl_signal() has been disabled for security reasons”等,需要取消php的禁用函数pcntl_signal、pcntl_alarm
运行正常后,接到发来的消息,显示如下:
rabbitmq服务器查看消息