microsoft .net Framework2.0 文件传输协议（FTP）操做

microsoft .net Framework2.0 文件传输协议（FTP）操

(2009-03-29 00:45:47)

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Microsoft .NET Framework 2.0对文件传输协议(FTP)操作(上传,下载,新建,删除,FTP间传送文件等)实现汇总1  最近项目需要对FTP服务器进行操作,现把实现总结如下： 打算分2篇总结: 第1篇总结Ftp的一些常规的操作实现(例如：上传,下载,新建,删除,FTP间互传文件等操作) 第2篇总结Ftp的操作的一些其他实现(例如：异步上传,异步下载等其他操作) Microsoft .NET Framework 2.0新增加了3个类使我们很方便的对文件传输协议(FTP)服务器进行操作 FtpWebRequest类：实现文件传输协议(FTP)客户端 public sealed class FtpWebRequest : WebRequest FtpWebResponse类:封装文件传输协议(FTP)服务器对请求的响应 public class FtpWebResponse : WebResponse, IDisposable WebRequestMethods.Ftp类:表示可与FTP请求一起使用的FTP协议方法的类型,无法继承此类 public static class Ftp 类关系图 操作ftp的一般步骤我总结如下 ： 第一步：WebRequest.Create方法，获得FtpWebRequest的实例 第二步：利用WebRequestMethods.Ftp设置FtpWebRequest的Method属性,指定使用的FTP协议方法的类型 第三步：设置FtpWebRequest的Credentials属性,指定用户名和密码 第四步：发出请求 第五步：接收响应数据流(有些ftp操作可能没这一步,例如给文件夹改名) 第六步：关闭流 下面从几段代码来分别展示ftp的不同操作： 1.文件夹和文件信息 关键知识说明： a.FtpWebRequest类没有公开的构造函数,我们通过WebRequest.Create方法，获得FtpWebRequest的实例 b.通过WebRequestMethods.Ftp.ListDirectoryDetails（详细列表）或者WebRequestMethods.Ftp.ListDirectory（简短列表）获取FTP服务器上的文件列表 c.请求返回的数据在GetResponseStream方法返回的流中 d.字符编码请用System.Text.Encoding.Default,要不中文名会乱码 e.FtpWebRequest.Credentials属性设置登陆用户名和密码 f.FtpWebRequest.UseBinary属性,true,指示服务器要传输的是二进制数据.false,指示数据为文本。默认值为true g.FtpWebRequest.EnableSsl属性,如果控制和数据传输是加密的,则为true.否则为false.默认值为 false 实例代码： 获取 ftp://218.16.229.120 上的文件信息 Uri uri = new Uri ( " ftp://218.16.229.120 " ); FtpWebRequest listRequest = ( FtpWebRequest ) WebRequest.Create ( uri ); listRequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.ListDirectoryDetails; //listRequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.ListDirectory; string ftpUser = ""; string ftpPassWord = ""; listRequest.Credentials = new NetworkCredential ( ftpUser , ftpPassWord ); FtpWebResponse listResponse = ( FtpWebResponse ) listRequest.GetResponse ( ); Stream responseStream = listResponse.GetResponseStream ( ); StreamReader readStream = new StreamReader ( responseStream , System.Text.Encoding.Default ); if ( readStream != null ) {     MessageBox.Show ( readStream.ReadToEnd ( )  ); } MessageBox.Show ( string.Format ( "状态: {0},{1}" ,listResponse.StatusCode,  listResponse.StatusDescription ) ); listResponse.Close ( ); responseStream.Close ( ); readStream.Close ( ); 通过WebRequestMethods.Ftp.ListDirectoryDetails（详细列表）或者WebRequestMethods.Ftp.ListDirectory（简短列表）返回的结果是不一样的.请看图 利用WebRequestMethods.Ftp.ListDirectoryDetails，readStream.ReadToEnd ( )返回的字符串比较复杂（不同类型的Ftp会有不同返回形式的返回结果）,要把里面的文件夹和文件区分列出来比较繁琐,代码比较多,所以我没写出来,感兴趣的朋友可以留言,我可以邮件发送． 2.取ftp登陆身份验证完成后的欢迎信息 关键知识说明： a.FtpWebResponse.WelcomeMessage属性获取身份验证完成时FTP服务器发送的消息 实例代码： 获取 ftp://218.16.229.120 登陆身份验证完成后的欢迎信息 Uri uri = new Uri ( " ftp://218.16.229.120 " ); FtpWebRequest listRequest = ( FtpWebRequest ) WebRequest.Create ( uri ); listRequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.ListDirectoryDetails; string ftpUser = ""; string ftpPassWord = ""; listRequest.Credentials = new NetworkCredential ( ftpUser , ftpPassWord ); FtpWebResponse listResponse = ( FtpWebResponse ) listRequest.GetResponse ( ); MessageBox.Show ( listResponse.WelcomeMessage ); 附加说明：要是FTP服务器的欢迎信息带有中文,运行这段代码时可能会发生异常（基础连接已经关闭: 服务器提交了协议）. 解决办法：打补丁Microsoft .NET Framework 2.0 Service Pack 1 3.重命名目录 关键知识说明： a.WebRequestMethods.Ftp.Rename表示重命名目录的FTP协议方法 b.FtpWebRequest.RenameTo属性重命名的新名称 实例代码： 把 ftp://218.16.229.120/ 上的a目录重命名为av Uri uri = new Uri ( " ftp://218.16.229.120/a " ); FtpWebRequest listRequest = ( FtpWebRequest ) WebRequest.Create ( uri ); listRequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.Rename; string ftpUser = ""; string ftpPassWord = ""; listRequest.Credentials = new NetworkCredential ( ftpUser , ftpPassWord ); listRequest.RenameTo = "av"; FtpWebResponse listResponse = ( FtpWebResponse ) listRequest.GetResponse ( ); MessageBox.Show ( listResponse.StatusDescription ); 4.删除目录 关键知识说明： a.WebRequestMethods.Ftp.RemoveDirectory表示移除目录的FTP协议方法 实例代码： 删除 ftp://218.16.229.120 上的av文件夹 Uri uri = new Uri ( " ftp://218.16.229.120/av " ); FtpWebRequest listRequest = ( FtpWebRequest ) WebRequest.Create ( uri ); listRequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.RemoveDirectory; string ftpUser = ""; string ftpPassWord = ""; listRequest.Credentials = new NetworkCredential ( ftpUser , ftpPassWord ); FtpWebResponse listResponse = ( FtpWebResponse ) listRequest.GetResponse ( );     MessageBox.Show ( listResponse.StatusDescription ); 5.新建目录 关键知识说明： a.WebRequestMethods.Ftp.MakeDirectory表示在FTP服务器上创建目录的协议方法 实例代码： 在 ftp://218.16.229.120 上建立目录vb Uri uri = new Uri ( " ftp://218.16.229.120/vb " ); FtpWebRequest listRequest = ( FtpWebRequest ) WebRequest.Create ( uri ); listRequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.MakeDirectory; string ftpUser = ""; string ftpPassWord = ""; listRequest.Credentials = new NetworkCredential ( ftpUser , ftpPassWord ); FtpWebResponse listResponse = ( FtpWebResponse ) listRequest.GetResponse ( ); MessageBox.Show ( listResponse.StatusDescription ); 6.得文件大小 关键知识说明： a.WebRequestMethods.Ftp.GetFileSize表示要用于检索FTP服务器上的文件大小 b.流数据的长度可以从FtpWebResponse.ContentLength属性中获取。 实例代码： 获取 ftp://218.16.229.120 上的会议记录.doc文件大小 Uri uri = new Uri ( " ftp://218.16.229.120/ 会议记录.doc" ); FtpWebRequest listRequest = ( FtpWebRequest ) WebRequest.Create ( uri ); listRequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.GetFileSize; string ftpUser = ""; string ftpPassWord = ""; listRequest.Credentials = new NetworkCredential ( ftpUser , ftpPassWord ); FtpWebResponse listResponse = ( FtpWebResponse ) listRequest.GetResponse ( ); MessageBox.Show ( string.Format ( "文件大小: {0}" , listResponse.ContentLength ) ); 7.删除文件 关键知识说明： a.WebRequestMethods.Ftp.DeleteFile表示要用于删除FTP服务器上的文件 实例代码： 删除 ftp://218.16.229.120 上的工作安排.txt文件 Uri uri = new Uri ( " ftp://218.16.229.120/ 工作安排.txt" ); FtpWebRequest listRequest = ( FtpWebRequest ) WebRequest.Create ( uri ); listRequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.DeleteFile; string ftpUser = ""; string ftpPassWord = ""; listRequest.Credentials = new NetworkCredential ( ftpUser , ftpPassWord ); FtpWebResponse listResponse = ( FtpWebResponse ) listRequest.GetResponse ( ); MessageBox.Show ( string.Format ( "Delete status: {0}" , listResponse.StatusDescription ) ); 8.上传文件 关键知识说明： a.WebRequestMethods.Ftp.UploadFile表示将文件上载到FTP服务器 b.使用FtpWebRequest对象向服务器上载文件，则必须将文件内容写入请求流，请求流是通过调用FtpWebRequest.GetRequestStream方法.如果未将属性设置为UploadFile,则不能获取流。 c.异步对应方法（FtpWebRequest.BeginGetRequestStream方法和FtpWebRequest.EndGetRequestStream 方法）,关于异步上传的实现我会再写在下篇总汇中 实例代码： 上载文件D:/abc.txt到 ftp://218.16.229.120 上 Stream requestStream = null; FileStream fileStream = null; FtpWebResponse uploadResponse = null; try {     Uri uri = new Uri ( " ftp://218.16.229.120/abc.txt " );     FtpWebRequest uploadRequest = ( FtpWebRequest ) WebRequest.Create ( uri );     uploadRequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.UploadFile;     string ftpUser = "";     string ftpPassWord = "";     uploadRequest.Credentials = new NetworkCredential ( ftpUser , ftpPassWord );     requestStream = uploadRequest.GetRequestStream ( );     fileStream = File.Open ( @"D:/abc.txt" , FileMode.Open );     byte [ ] buffer = new byte [ 1024 ];     int bytesRead;     while ( true )     {         bytesRead = fileStream.Read ( buffer , 0 , buffer.Length );         if ( bytesRead == 0 )             break;         requestStream.Write ( buffer , 0 , bytesRead );     }     requestStream.Close ( );     uploadResponse = ( FtpWebResponse ) uploadRequest.GetResponse ( );     MessageBox.Show ( "Upload complete." ); } finally {     if ( uploadResponse != null )         uploadResponse.Close ( );     if ( fileStream != null )         fileStream.Close ( );     if ( requestStream != null )         requestStream.Close ( ); } 其实利用WebClient.UploadData方法,还有一种更简单的上传方法： WebClient request = new WebClient ( ); string ftpUser = ""; string ftpPassWord = ""; request.Credentials = new NetworkCredential ( ftpUser , ftpPassWord ); FileStream myStream = new FileStream ( @"D:/abcd.txt" , FileMode.Open , FileAccess.Read ); byte [ ] dataByte = new byte [ myStream.Length ]; myStream.Read ( dataByte , 0 , dataByte.Length );  //写到2进制数组中 myStream.Close ( ); request.UploadData ( " ftp://218.16.229.120/abcd.txt " , dataByte ); 9.下载文件 关键知识说明： a.WebRequestMethods.Ftp.DownloadFile表示要用于从FTP服务器下载文件 b.从FTP服务器下载文件时，如果命令成功，所请求的文件的内容即在响应对象的流中。通过调用FtpWebResponse.GetResponseStream方法，可以访问此流。 实例代码： 从 ftp://218.16.229.120 上下载文件保存到d:/abc.txt Stream responseStream = null; FileStream fileStream = null; StreamReader reader = null; try {     string downloadUrl = " ftp://218.16.229.120/abc.txt ";     FtpWebRequest downloadRequest = ( FtpWebRequest ) WebRequest.Create ( downloadUrl );     downloadRequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.DownloadFile;     string ftpUser = "";     string ftpPassWord = "";     downloadRequest.Credentials = new NetworkCredential ( ftpUser , ftpPassWord );     FtpWebResponse downloadResponse = ( FtpWebResponse ) downloadRequest.GetResponse ( );     responseStream = downloadResponse.GetResponseStream ( );     fileStream = File.Create ( @"d:/" + "abc.txt" );     byte [ ] buffer = new byte [ 1024 ];     int bytesRead;     while ( true )     {         bytesRead = responseStream.Read ( buffer , 0 , buffer.Length );         if ( bytesRead == 0 )             break;         fileStream.Write ( buffer , 0 , bytesRead );     }          MessageBox.Show ( "Download complete" ); } finally {     if ( reader != null )     {         reader.Close ( );     }     else     {         if ( responseStream != null )         {             responseStream.Close ( );         }         if ( fileStream != null )         {             fileStream.Close ( );         }     } } 其实利用WebClient.DownloadData方法,还有一种更简单的下载方法： Uri uri = new Uri ( " ftp://218.16.229.120/abc.txt " ); WebClient request = new WebClient ( ); string ftpUser = ""; string ftpPassWord = ""; request.Credentials = new NetworkCredential ( ftpUser , ftpPassWord ); byte [ ] newFileData = request.DownloadData ( uri.ToString ( ) ); FileStream fs = new FileStream ( @"d:/abc.txt" , FileMode.OpenOrCreate , FileAccess.Write ); fs.Write ( newFileData , 0 , newFileData.Length ); fs.Close ( ); 10.2个ftp间传送文件 关键知识说明： a.在搞懂前面所说下载和上传知识后,其实很好实现2个ftp间传送文件.我们可以把传送文件看成是先下载后上传.把下载的文件响应流数据写到上传文件请求流中即可. 实例代码： 把 ftp://218.58.58.19 中"集团公司通知"目录中的"080124-成本费用科目调整通知.pdf"文件传送到 ftp://218.16.229.120 string downloadUrl = " ftp://218.58.58.19/ 集团公司通知/080124-成本费用科目调整通知.pdf"; FtpWebRequest downloadRequest = ( FtpWebRequest ) WebRequest.Create ( downloadUrl ); downloadRequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.DownloadFile; string ftpUser = "download"; string ftpPassWord = "download"; downloadRequest.Credentials = new NetworkCredential ( ftpUser , ftpPassWord ); string uploadUrl = " ftp://218.16.229.120/080124 -成本费用科目调整通知.pdf"; FtpWebRequest uploadRequest = ( FtpWebRequest ) WebRequest.Create ( uploadUrl ); uploadRequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.UploadFile; string ftpUser1 = "exwangsoft"; string ftpPassWord1 = "exwangsoft"; uploadRequest.Credentials = new NetworkCredential ( ftpUser1 , ftpPassWord1 ); FtpWebResponse downloadResponse = ( FtpWebResponse ) downloadRequest.GetResponse ( ); Stream responseStream = downloadResponse.GetResponseStream ( ); Stream fileStream = uploadRequest.GetRequestStream ( ); byte [ ] buffer = new byte [ 1024 ]; int bytesRead; while ( true ) {     //读取 ftp://218.58.58.19 的响应流数据     bytesRead = responseStream.Read ( buffer , 0 , buffer.Length );     if ( bytesRead == 0 )         break;     //写到 ftp://218.16.229.120 的请求流数据中     fileStream.Write ( buffer , 0 , bytesRead ); } fileStream.Close ( ); FtpWebResponse uploadResponse = null; uploadResponse = ( FtpWebResponse ) uploadRequest.GetResponse ( ); MessageBox.Show ( "complete" );