spring结合redis如何实现数据的缓存
1. 实现目标
通过redis缓存数据字典表的数据。(目的不是加快查询的速度,而是减少数据库的负担)
注意:jdies和commons-pool两个jar的版本是有对应关系的,注意引入jar包是要配对使用,否则将会报错。因为commons-pooljar的目录根据版本的变化,目录结构会变。前面的版本是org.apache.pool,而后面的版本是org.apache.pool2...
3. redis简介
redis是一个key-value存储系统。和Memcached类似,它支持存储的value类型相对更多,包括string(字符串)、list(链表)、set(集合)、zset(sorted set --有序集合)和hash(哈希类型)。这些数据类型都支持push/pop、add/remove及取交集并集和差集及更丰富的操作,而且这些操作都是原子性的。在此基础上,redis支持各种不同方式的排序。与memcached一样,为了保证效率,数据都是缓存在内存中。区别的是redis会周期性的把更新的数据写入磁盘或者把修改操作写入追加的记录文件,并且在此基础上实现了master-slave(主从)
4.编码实现
1)、配置的文件(properties)
将那些经常要变化的参数配置成独立的propertis,方便以后的修改redis.properties
redis.hostName=127.0.0.1
redis.port=6379
redis.timeout=15000
redis.usePool=true
redis.maxIdle=6
redis.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis=300000
redis.numTestsPerEvictionRun=3
redis.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis=60000
2)、spring-redis.xml
redis的相关参数配置设置。参数的值来自上面的properties文件
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd" default-autowire="byName">
<bean id="jedisPoolConfig" class="redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig">
<!-- <property name="maxIdle" value="6"></property>
<property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="300000"></property>
<property name="numTestsPerEvictionRun" value="3"></property>
<property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="60000"></property> -->
<property name="maxIdle" value="${redis.maxIdle}"></property>
<property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="${redis.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis}"></property>
<property name="numTestsPerEvictionRun" value="${redis.numTestsPerEvictionRun}"></property>
<property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="${redis.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis}"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="jedisConnectionFactory" class="org.springframework.data.redis.connection.jedis.JedisConnectionFactory" destroy-method="destroy">
<property name="poolConfig" ref="jedisPoolConfig"></property>
<property name="hostName" value="${redis.hostName}"></property>
<property name="port" value="${redis.port}"></property>
<property name="timeout" value="${redis.timeout}"></property>
<property name="usePool" value="${redis.usePool}"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="jedisTemplate" class="org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate">
<property name="connectionFactory" ref="jedisConnectionFactory"></property>
<property name="keySerializer">
<bean class="org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer"/>
</property>
<property name="valueSerializer">
<bean class="org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.JdkSerializationRedisSerializer"/>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
3)、applicationContext.xml
spring的总配置文件:
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:config.properties,classpath:redis.properties"/>
ps.如果项目中已经有了一个属性文件了,那么reis.properties文件一定要这样写,因为spring是单例的
<import resource="spring-redis.xml" />
4)、web.xml
设置spring的总配置文件在项目启动时加载,并且我写了一个监听器在项目启动的时候将数据字典初始化到缓存中去
spring总配置文件:
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
监听器配置:
<listener>
<description>初始化数据字典</description>
<listener-class>com.sunyard.cims.listener.StartAddCacheListener</listener-class>
</listener>
5)项目启动时加载的监听器 StartAddCacheListener类
import net.sf.json.JSON;
import net.sf.json.JSONArray;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
import org.springframework.context.event.ContextRefreshedEvent;
import com.sunyard.cims.controller.riskwarning.RiskWarningQueryController;
import com.sunyard.cims.service.riskwarning.RiskWarningShowService;
import com.sunyard.cims.util.RedisCacheUtil;
import com.sunyard.framework.web.dao.CommonDao;
import com.sunyard.srap.entity.SrapBusDataDict;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener;
import org.springframework.context.event.ContextRefreshedEvent;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import javax.persistence.criteria.CriteriaBuilder;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* 缓存监听器,用于项目启动的时候初始化信息
* @author yancb
* 2017-11-01
*/
@Service
public class StartAddCacheListener implements ApplicationListener<ContextRefreshedEvent> {
private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(StartAddCacheListener.class);
@Autowired
private RedisCacheUtil<Object> redisCache;
@Autowired
private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
@Autowired
private CommonDao commonDao;
public void onApplicationEvent(ContextRefreshedEvent event) {
//spring 启动的时候缓存数据字典表信息
if(event.getApplicationContext().getDisplayName().equals("Root WebApplicationContext"))
{
/**
*数据字典表有重要的三个字段,一个是类型编号,例如1;一个是下拉框的隐藏值value,例如0,最后一个是下拉框的显示值name,例如男
* 这里举个例子,我数据字典表存了一个性别的数据,那么数据库中有这样的两条记录:
* 第一条 类型编号1 隐藏值0 显示值 ‘男’
* 第二条 类型编号1 隐藏值1 显示值 ‘女’
*
* 下面代码的思路就是先分组查询出数据字典表的所有类型编号,然后一个个遍历将每个类型编号的隐藏值和显示值都查出来,转为json格式,以
* key,value的形式存到缓存中
*/
List<Integer> typeIdList = (List<Integer>)commonDao
.findBySql("select item_type_id from srap_bus_data_dict group by item_type_id");
for(Integer type : typeIdList){
String key = "dict:type:"+type;//dict表示数据字典表,type表示类型,用这样来区分key
String sql = " SELECT item_value,item_name FROM SRAP_BUS_DATA_DICT WHERE source_id = '0' and item_type_id = ? order by item_value";
List<Map<String, Object>> result = jdbcTemplate.query(sql, new Object[]{type}, new RowMapper<Map<String, Object>>(){
public Map<String, Object> mapRow(ResultSet rs, int index)
throws SQLException {
Map<String, Object> row = new HashMap<String, Object>(2);
row.put("value", rs.getString("item_value"));
row.put("text", rs.getString("item_name"));
return row;
}
});
JSONArray arr = JSONArray.fromObject(result);
redisCache.setCacheString(key, arr.toString());
}
log.info("------------------------------------数据字典已加入到缓存中-----------------------------");
}
}
}
5)redis工具类
ListOperations ——list的缓存
SetOperations ——set的缓存
HashOperations Map的缓存
RedisCacheUtil类:
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.BoundSetOperations;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.HashOperations;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.ListOperations;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.SetOperations;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.ValueOperations;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service
public class RedisCacheUtil<T>
{
@Autowired @Qualifier("jedisTemplate")
public RedisTemplate redisTemplate;
/**
* 缓存基本的对象,Integer、String、实体类等
* @param key 缓存的键值
* @param value 缓存的值
* @return 缓存的对象
*/
public <T> ValueOperations<String,T> setCacheObject(String key,T value)
{
ValueOperations<String,T> operation = redisTemplate.opsForValue();
operation.set(key,value);
return operation;
}
/**
* 获得缓存的基本对象。
* @param key 缓存键值
* @param operation
* @return 缓存键值对应的数据
*/
public <T> T getCacheObject(String key/*,ValueOperations<String,T> operation*/)
{
ValueOperations<String,T> operation = redisTemplate.opsForValue();
return operation.get(key);
}
/**
* 缓存List数据
* @param key 缓存的键值
* @param dataList 待缓存的List数据
* @return 缓存的对象
*/
public <T> ListOperations<String, T> setCacheList(String key,List<T> dataList)
{
ListOperations listOperation = redisTemplate.opsForList();
if(null != dataList)
{
int size = dataList.size();
for(int i = 0; i < size ; i ++)
{
listOperation.rightPush(key,dataList.get(i));
}
}
return listOperation;
}
/**
* 获得缓存的list对象
* @param key 缓存的键值
* @return 缓存键值对应的数据
*/
public <T> List<T> getCacheList(String key)
{
List<T> dataList = new ArrayList<T>();
ListOperations<String,T> listOperation = redisTemplate.opsForList();
Long size = listOperation.size(key);
for(int i = 0 ; i < size ; i ++)
{
dataList.add((T) listOperation.leftPop(key));
}
return dataList;
}
/**
* 缓存Set
* @param key 缓存键值
* @param dataSet 缓存的数据
* @return 缓存数据的对象
*/
public <T> BoundSetOperations<String,T> setCacheSet(String key,Set<T> dataSet)
{
BoundSetOperations<String,T> setOperation = redisTemplate.boundSetOps(key);
/*T[] t = (T[]) dataSet.toArray();
setOperation.add(t);*/
Iterator<T> it = dataSet.iterator();
while(it.hasNext())
{
setOperation.add(it.next());
}
return setOperation;
}
/**
* 获得缓存的set
* @param key
* @param operation
* @return
*/
public Set<T> getCacheSet(String key/*,BoundSetOperations<String,T> operation*/)
{
Set<T> dataSet = new HashSet<T>();
BoundSetOperations<String,T> operation = redisTemplate.boundSetOps(key);
Long size = operation.size();
for(int i = 0 ; i < size ; i++)
{
dataSet.add(operation.pop());
}
return dataSet;
}
/**
* 缓存Map
* @param key
* @param dataMap
* @return
*/
public <T> HashOperations<String,String,T> setCacheMap(String key,Map<String,T> dataMap)
{
HashOperations hashOperations = redisTemplate.opsForHash();
if(null != dataMap)
{
for (Map.Entry<String, T> entry : dataMap.entrySet()) {
/*System.out.println("Key = " + entry.getKey() + ", Value = " + entry.getValue()); */
hashOperations.put(key,entry.getKey(),entry.getValue());
}
}
return hashOperations;
}
/**
* 获得缓存的Map
* @param key
* @param hashOperation
* @return
*/
public <T> Map<String,T> getCacheMap(String key/*,HashOperations<String,String,T> hashOperation*/)
{
Map<String, T> map = redisTemplate.opsForHash().entries(key);
/*Map<String, T> map = hashOperation.entries(key);*/
return map;
}
/**
* 缓存Map
* @param key
* @param dataMap
* @return
*/
public <T> HashOperations<String,Integer,T> setCacheIntegerMap(String key,Map<Integer,T> dataMap)
{
HashOperations hashOperations = redisTemplate.opsForHash();
if(null != dataMap)
{
for (Map.Entry<Integer, T> entry : dataMap.entrySet()) {
/*System.out.println("Key = " + entry.getKey() + ", Value = " + entry.getValue()); */
hashOperations.put(key,entry.getKey(),entry.getValue());
}
}
return hashOperations;
}
/**
* 获得缓存的Map
* @param key
* @param hashOperation
* @return
*/
public <T> Map<Integer,T> getCacheIntegerMap(String key/*,HashOperations<String,String,T> hashOperation*/)
{
Map<Integer, T> map = redisTemplate.opsForHash().entries(key);
/*Map<String, T> map = hashOperation.entries(key);*/
return map;
}
/**
* 重新刷新缓存
* @param itemTypeId
*/
public void refreshCache(Integer itemTypeId){
commonDao.flush();
String key = "dict:type:"+itemTypeId;//dict表示数据字典表,type表示类型,用这样来区分key
String sql = " SELECT item_value,item_name FROM SRAP_BUS_DATA_DICT WHERE source_id = '0' and item_type_id = ? order by item_value";
List<Map<String, Object>> result = jdbcTemplate.query(sql, new Object[]{itemTypeId}, new RowMapper<Map<String, Object>>(){
public Map<String, Object> mapRow(ResultSet rs, int index)
throws SQLException {
Map<String, Object> row = new HashMap<String, Object>(2);
row.put("value", rs.getString("item_value"));
row.put("text", rs.getString("item_name"));
return row;
}
});
if(result.size() == 0){
redisTemplate.delete(key);//删除的时候如果取到list为空,表示该type已经没值了,那么删除key
}else{
JSONArray arr = JSONArray.fromObject(result);
setCacheString(key, arr.toString());
}
}
public void setCacheString(String key, String value){
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, value);
}
public String getCacheString(String key){
Object value = redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key);
if(value != null)
return value.toString();
return "";
}
}
6.页面下拉框获取缓存中数据
/**
* 取得本级业务数据字典数据(下拉框) 展示形式为 text
*/
public JsonData getDictTextOnly(PaginationBeanParam param, Integer itemTypeId, String IsReport) throws Exception{
String key = "dict:type:"+itemTypeId;
String jsonStr = redisCache.getCacheString(key);
JSONArray jsonArray = JSONArray.fromObject(jsonStr);
// List<Map<String, Object>> result = JSONArray.toList(jsonArray, HashMap.class);
List<Map<String, Object>> result = (List<Map<String, Object>>) JSONArray.toCollection(jsonArray,HashMap.class);
Map<String, Object> row = new HashMap<String, Object>();
if(IsReport!=null && "1".equals(IsReport)){
row.put("value", "-1");
row.put("text", "--选择全部--");
}else{
row.put("value", "");
row.put("text", "--请选择--");
}
result.add(0,row);
JsonData data = AbstractPaginationBeanHelperTemplate.getJsonData(param, result);
data.setCount(Long.valueOf(result.size()));
data.setSuccess(true);
return data;
}
7. 测试
这里测试我是获取某个类型的值
String str = redisCache.getCacheString("dict:type:1");
该文章是一个网友写的,我这里对里面有几个错误的地方进行了修正,避免网友遇到和我相同的错误
引用:http://www.jb51.net/article/75719.htm