用 c++读写 segy 数据

oceanstonetree

已于 2023-04-30 10:26:58 修改

阅读量698

点赞数 1

分类专栏：地震文章标签：数据处理 c++ 科学计算

于 2023-04-29 23:07:41 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/yanfeng1022/article/details/130444727

版权

地震专栏收录该内容

3 篇文章 1 订阅

订阅专栏

本文提供了两个C++代码示例，分别用于读取和写入SEGY数据文件。读取示例包括解析EBCDIC头、二进制头和轨迹头，然后读取数据。写入示例则创建SEGY文件，包含EBCDIC头、二进制头和轨迹数据，适用于地震数据存储。

摘要由CSDN通过智能技术生成

用 chatgpt 3.5 回答的，看着应该是对的

以下是一个简单的 C++ 代码示例，用于读取 SEGY 数据文件：

```c++
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

struct TraceHeader {
    int tracl;
    int tracr;
    int fldr;
    int tracf;
    int ep;
    int cdp;
    int cdpt;
    short trid;
    short nvs;
    short nhs;
    short duse;
    int offset;
    int gelev;
    int selev;
    int sdepth;
    int gdel;
    int sdel;
    int swdep;
    int gwdep;
    short scalel;
    short scalco;
    int sx;
    int sy;
    int gx;
    int gy;
    short counit;
    short wevel;
    short swevel;
    short sut;
    short gut;
    short sstat;
    short gstat;
    short tstat;
    short laga;
    short lagb;
    int delrt;
    short muts;
    short mute;
    unsigned short ns;
    unsigned short dt;
    short gain;
    short igc;
    short igi;
    short corr;
    short sfs;
    short sfe;
    short slen;
    short styp;
    short stas;
    short stae;
    short tatyp;
    short afilf;
    short afils;
    short nofilf;
    short nofils;
    short lcf;
    short hcf;
    short lcs;
    short hcs;
    short year;
    short day;
    short hour;
    short minute;
    short sec;
    short timbas;
    short trwf;
    short grnors;
    short grnofr;
    short grnlof;
    short gaps;
    short otrav;
};

int main() {
    ifstream file("data.segy", ios::binary);
    if (!file) {
        cerr << "Failed to open file." << endl;
        return 1;
    }

    // Read the EBCDIC header
    char ebcdic[3200];
    file.read(ebcdic, 3200);

    // Read the binary header
    int jobid, lino, reno, ntrpr, nart, hdt, dto, hns, nso, format, fold, tsort, vscode, hsfs, hsfe, hslen, hstyp, schn, hstas, hstae, htatyp, hcorr, bgrcv, rcvm, mfeet;
    file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&jobid), sizeof(jobid));
    file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&lino), sizeof(lino));
    file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&reno), sizeof(reno));
    file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&ntrpr), sizeof(ntrpr));
    file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&nart), sizeof(nart));
    file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&hdt), sizeof(hdt));
    file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&dto), sizeof(dto));
    file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&hns), sizeof(hns));
    file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&nso), sizeof(nso));
    file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&format), sizeof(format));
    file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&fold), sizeof(fold));
    file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&tsort), sizeof(tsort));
    file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&vscode), sizeof(vscode));
    file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&hsfs), sizeof(hsfs));
    file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&hsfe), sizeof(hsfe));
    file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&hslen), sizeof(hslen));
    file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&hstyp), sizeof(hstyp));
    file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&schn), sizeof(schn));
    file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&hstas), sizeof(hstas));
    file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&hstae), sizeof(hstae));
    file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&htatyp), sizeof(htatyp));
    file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&hcorr), sizeof(hcorr));
    file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&bgrcv), sizeof(bgrcv));
    file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&rcvm), sizeof(rcvm));
    file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&mfeet), sizeof(mfeet));

    // Read the trace headers and data
    vector<TraceHeader> headers;
    vector<vector<float>> data;
    while (true) {
        TraceHeader header;
        file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&header), sizeof(header));
        if (file.eof()) {
            break;
        }
        headers.push_back(header);

        vector<float> trace(header.ns);
        file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(trace.data()), header.ns * sizeof(float));
        data.push_back(trace);
    }

    // Print some information about the data
    cout << "Number of traces: " << headers.size() << endl;
    cout << "Number of samples per trace: " << headers[0].ns << endl;
    cout << "Sample interval: " << headers[0].dt << " microseconds" << endl;

    return 0;
}

```

请注意，这只是一个简单的示例，实际应用中可能需要根据具体的数据格式和需求进行修改。此外，还需要注意处理文件字节序等问题，以确保正确读取数据。

2，用 c++把三维矩阵写为 segy文件的算法

以下是一个简单的 C++ 代码示例，用于将三维矩阵写入 SEGY 数据文件：

```c++
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

struct TraceHeader {
    int tracl;
    int tracr;
    int fldr;
    int tracf;
    int ep;
    int cdp;
    int cdpt;
    short trid;
    short nvs;
    short nhs;
    short duse;
    int offset;
    int gelev;
    int selev;
    int sdepth;
    int gdel;
    int sdel;
    int swdep;
    int gwdep;
    short scalel;
    short scalco;
    int sx;
    int sy;
    int gx;
    int gy;
    short counit;
    short wevel;
    short swevel;
    short sut;
    short gut;
    short sstat;
    short gstat;
    short tstat;
    short laga;
    short lagb;
    int delrt;
    short muts;
    short mute;
    unsigned short ns;
    unsigned short dt;
    short gain;
    short igc;
    short igi;
    short corr;
    short sfs;
    short sfe;
    short slen;
    short styp;
    short stas;
    short stae;
    short tatyp;
    short afilf;
    short afils;
    short nofilf;
    short nofils;
    short lcf;
    short hcf;
    short lcs;
    short hcs;
    short year;
    short day;
    short hour;
    short minute;
    short sec;
    short timbas;
    short trwf;
    short grnors;
    short grnofr;
    short grnlof;
    short gaps;
    short otrav;
};

void writeSEGY(const vector<vector<vector<float>>>& data, const string& filename, int sampleInterval) {
    ofstream file(filename, ios::binary);
    if (!file) {
        cerr << "Failed to open file." << endl;
        return;
    }

    // Write the EBCDIC header
    char ebcdic[3200] = {0};
    file.write(ebcdic, 3200);

    // Write the binary header
    int jobid = 1, lino = 1, reno = 1, ntrpr = 1, nart = 0, hdt = sampleInterval, dto = 0, hns = data[0][0].size(), nso = 0, format = 5, fold = 1, tsort = 1, vscode = 1, hsfs = 0, hsfe = 0, hslen = 0, hstyp = 0, schn = 0, hstas = 0, hstae = 0, htatyp = 0, hcorr = 0, bgrcv = 0, rcvm = 0, mfeet = 0;
    file.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&jobid), sizeof(jobid));
    file.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&lino), sizeof(lino));
    file.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&reno), sizeof(reno));
    file.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&ntrpr), sizeof(ntrpr));
    file.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&nart), sizeof(nart));
    file.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&hdt), sizeof(hdt));
    file.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&dto), sizeof(dto));
    file.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&hns), sizeof(hns));
    file.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&nso), sizeof(nso));
    file.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&format), sizeof(format));
    file.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&fold), sizeof(fold));
    file.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&tsort), sizeof(tsort));
    file.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&vscode), sizeof(vscode));
    file.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&hsfs), sizeof(hsfs));
    file.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&hsfe), sizeof(hsfe));
    file.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&hslen), sizeof(hslen));
    file.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&hstyp), sizeof(hstyp));
    file.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&schn), sizeof(schn));
    file.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&hstas), sizeof(hstas));
    file.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&hstae), sizeof(hstae));
    file.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&htatyp), sizeof(htatyp));
    file.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&hcorr), sizeof(hcorr));
    file.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&bgrcv), sizeof(bgrcv));
    file.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&rcvm), sizeof(rcvm));
    file.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&mfeet), sizeof(mfeet));

    // Write the trace headers and data
    for (int i = 0; i < data.size(); i++) {
        TraceHeader header = {0};
        header.tracl = i + 1;
        header.tracr = i + 1;
        header.ns = data[i][0].size();
        header.dt = sampleInterval;
        file.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&header), sizeof(header));

        for (int j = 0; j < data[i].size(); j++) {
            file.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(data[i][j].data()), data[i][j].size() * sizeof(float));
        }
    }
}

int main() {
    // Generate some sample data
    const int nx = 10, ny = 10, nz = 10;
    vector<vector<vector<float>>> data(nx, vector<vector<float>>(ny, vector<float>(nz)));
    for (int i = 0; i < nx; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < ny; j++) {
            for (int k = 0; k < nz; k++) {
                data[i][j][k] = i * j * k;
            }
        }
    }

    // Write the data to a SEGY file
    writeSEGY(data, "data.segy", 1000);

    return 0;
}

```

请注意，这只是一个简单的示例，实际应用中可能需要根据具体的数据格式和需求进行修改。此外，还需要注意处理文件字节序等问题，以确保正确写入数据。