装饰器模式

• 定义

           动态地将责任附加到对象上。若要扩展功能，装饰者提供了比继承更有弹性的替代方案。

• 重点

1. 装饰者和被装饰者必须是同种类型，也就是有共同的超类
2. 装饰者拥有新的方法或者方法的实现方式

• 实现

     基类

   public abstract class Beverage {
         protected String description;
         public String getDescription(){
                return description;
         }
         public abstract double cost();
   }

      装饰者基类

public  abstract class CondimentDecorator extends Beverage {
   public abstract String getDescription();
}

     基于基类的原对象

      

public class HouseBlend extends Beverage {
   public HouseBlend(){
      description = "HouseBlend";
   }
   @Override
   public double cost() {
      return 0.89;
   }
}

public class Espresso extends Beverage {
   public Espresso(){
      description = "Espresso";
   }
   @Override
   public double cost() {
      return 1.99;
   }
}

      基于装饰者的装饰对象

public class Mocha extends CondimentDecorator{

   Beverage beverage;

   public Mocha(Beverage beverage){
      this.beverage = beverage;
   }

   @Override
   public String getDescription() {
      return beverage.getDescription() + ";Mocha";
   }

   @Override
   public double cost() {
      return 0.2 + beverage.cost();
   }
}

public class Whip extends CondimentDecorator {

   Beverage beverage;

   public Whip(Beverage beverage){
      this.beverage = beverage;
   }

   @Override
   public String getDescription() {
      return beverage.getDescription() + ";Whip";
   }

   @Override
   public double cost() {
      return beverage.cost() + 1.5;
   }
}

测试类

public class Test {
   public static void main(String[] args){
      Beverage beverage = new Espresso();
      System.out.println(beverage.getDescription() + "$"+ beverage.cost());
      Beverage beverage1 = new Mocha(beverage);
      System.out.println(beverage1.getDescription() + "$"+ beverage1.cost());
      beverage1 = new Mocha(beverage1);
      System.out.println(beverage1.getDescription() + "$"+ beverage1.cost());
      beverage1 = new Whip(beverage1);
      System.out.println(beverage1.getDescription() + "$"+ beverage1.cost());
   }

}

结果