HttpClient:发送get/post请求(有参，无参)

HttpClient：支持 HTTP 协议的客户端编程工具包

1.get请求无参、get请求有参、post请求无参、post请求有参

public class HttpClientGetTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        //HttpClientGetTest.testHttpClientGet();
        //HttpClientGetTest.testGetParameter();
        //HttpClientGetTest.testPost();
        //HttpClientGetTest.testPostParam();
        //HttpClientGetTest.testPostParamJson();
        HttpClientGetTest.testHttpClientUtil();
    }
    /**
     * 1.get请求不带参数
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static void testHttpClientGet() throws Exception{
        //1.创建httpclient对象
        CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault();
        //2.创建get对象
        HttpGet get = new HttpGet("http://www.baidu.com");
        //3.执行get请求，并返回响应结果
        CloseableHttpResponse response = client.execute(get);
        //4.处理结果
            //1.获取结果中的状态码
            int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
            System.out.println(statusCode);
            //2.获取结果中内容
            HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();//获得实体内容
            String content = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");//通过实体工具类转换实体输出格式
            System.out.println(content);
        //5.关闭连接
        client.close();
    }


    /**
     * 2.get请求带参数
     */
    public static void testGetParameter() throws  Exception{
        //1.创建httpclient对象
        CloseableHttpClient client=HttpClients.createDefault();
        //2.创建封装的URI对象，可以存放参数
        URIBuilder uri=new URIBuilder("https://search.bilibili.com/all");
        //存放参数--可以参照地址栏：键值对方法
        uri.addParameter("keyword","焰灵姬");
        //3.创建get对象:并放入URI
        HttpGet get=new HttpGet(uri.build());
        //4.执行get方法，并返回响应结果
        CloseableHttpResponse response = client.execute(get);
        //5.处理结果
            //1.获取结果状态码
            int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
            System.out.println(statusCode);
            //2.获取结果实体内容
            HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
            String content = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
             System.out.println(content);
        //6.关闭连接
        client.close();
    }

    /**
     * 3.POST请求不带参数
     */
    public static void testPost() throws  Exception{
        //1.创建httpclient对象
        CloseableHttpClient client=HttpClients.createDefault();
        //2.创建post对象
        HttpPost post=new HttpPost("http://localhost:8080/test/post");
        //3.执行post方法:得到结果
        CloseableHttpResponse response = client.execute(post);
        //4.处理结果
            //1.得到状态码
            int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
            System.out.println(statusCode);
            //2.得到实体内容
            HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
            String content = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
            System.out.println(content);
        //5.关闭连接
        client.close();
    }

    /**
     * 4.POST请求带参数
     */
    public static void testPostParam() throws  Exception{
        //1.创建httpclient对象
        CloseableHttpClient client=HttpClients.createDefault();
        //2.创建post对象
        HttpPost post=new HttpPost("http://localhost:8080/test/post/param");
            //给定参数
            List<BasicNameValuePair> list=new ArrayList<BasicNameValuePair>();
            list.add(new BasicNameValuePair("name","焰灵姬"));
            list.add(new BasicNameValuePair("pwd","yanlingji"));
            //将参数做字符串的转换
            StringEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(list, "utf-8");
            //绑定参数
            post.setEntity(entity);

        //3.执行post方法:得到结果
        CloseableHttpResponse response = client.execute(post);
        //4.处理结果
            //@1.得到状态码
            int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
            System.out.println(statusCode);
            //@2.得到实体内容
            HttpEntity en = response.getEntity();
            String content = EntityUtils.toString(en, "utf-8");
            System.out.println(content);
        //5.关闭连接
        client.close();
    }

    /**
     * 5.POST请求带JSON格式参数
     */
    public static void testPostParamJson() throws  Exception{
        //1.创建httpclient对象
        CloseableHttpClient client=HttpClients.createDefault();
        //2.创建post对象
        HttpPost post=new HttpPost("http://localhost:8080/test/post/param/json");
       /* //给定参数
        List<BasicNameValuePair> list=new ArrayList<BasicNameValuePair>();
        list.add(new BasicNameValuePair("name","焰灵姬"));
        list.add(new BasicNameValuePair("pwd","yanlingji"));*/
        //将参数做json字符串格式的转换
        String json="{\"name\":\"焰灵姬\",\"pwd\":\"yanlingji\"}";
        StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(json, ContentType.APPLICATION_JSON);
        //绑定参数
        post.setEntity(entity);

        //3.执行post方法:得到结果
        CloseableHttpResponse response = client.execute(post);
        //4.处理结果
        //@1.得到状态码
        int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
        System.out.println(statusCode);
        //@2.得到实体内容
        HttpEntity en = response.getEntity();
        String content = EntityUtils.toString(en, "utf-8");
        System.out.println(content);
        //5.关闭连接
        client.close();
    }

    /**
     * 测试HttpClient工具类
     */
    public static void testHttpClientUtil(){
        /*String url="http://localhost:8080/test/post/param";
        Map<String, String> param = new HashMap<String, String>();
        param.put("name", "李四");
        param.put("pwd", "lisi");
        String s = HttpClientUtil.doPost(url,param);
        System.out.println(s);*/

        /*String url="http://localhost:8080/test/post";
        String s = HttpClientUtil.doPost(url);
        System.out.println(s);*/

        String url="http://localhost:8080/test/post/param/json";
        String json="{\"name\":\"焰灵姬\",\"pwd\":\"yanlingji\"}";
        String s = HttpClientUtil.doPostJson(url, json);
        System.out.println(s);


    }
}

2.HttpClient工具类：HttpClientUtil

package com.bjsxt.commons;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URI;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder;
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

public class HttpClientUtil {

	public static String doGet(String url, Map<String, String> param) {

		// 创建Httpclient对象
		CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();

		String resultString = "";
		CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
		try {
			// 创建uri
			URIBuilder builder = new URIBuilder(url);
			if (param != null) {
				for (String key : param.keySet()) {
					builder.addParameter(key, param.get(key));
				}
			}
			URI uri = builder.build();

			// 创建http GET请求
			HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(uri);

			// 执行请求
			response = httpclient.execute(httpGet);
			// 判断返回状态是否为200
			if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
				resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			try {
				if (response != null) {
					response.close();
				}
				httpclient.close();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		return resultString;
	}
	public static String doGet(String url) {
		return doGet(url, null);
	}

	public static String doPost(String url, Map<String, String> param) {
		// 创建Httpclient对象
		CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
		CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
		String resultString = "";
		try {
			// 创建Http Post请求
			HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
			// 创建参数列表
			if (param != null) {
				List<NameValuePair> paramList = new ArrayList<>();
				for (String key : param.keySet()) {
					paramList.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, param.get(key)));
				}
				// 模拟表单
				UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(paramList,"utf-8");
				httpPost.setEntity(entity);
			}
			// 执行http请求
			response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
			resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "utf-8");
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			try {
				response.close();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}

		return resultString;
	}

	public static String doPost(String url) {
		return doPost(url, null);
	}
	
	public static String doPostJson(String url, String json) {
		// 创建Httpclient对象
		CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
		CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
		String resultString = "";
		try {
			// 创建Http Post请求
			HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
			// 创建请求内容
			StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(json, ContentType.APPLICATION_JSON);
			httpPost.setEntity(entity);
			// 执行http请求
			response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
			resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "utf-8");
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			try {
				response.close();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}

		return resultString;
	}
}