spring Ioc应用模式详解

1. xml应用模式

项目构建

 1.1在idea开发工具中创建maven项目，选择模板为webapp，模块名称为springIoc
 1.2在pom文件中引入spring-context和junit

 <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>5.3.10</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.13.2</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

1.3在src的main目录下新建java和resource目录，并在src目录下新建test目录

1.4将java目录转换为 source root，resources转换为resources root，test目录转换为Test Source Root（右键目录->Mark Directory as）

1.5在java目录下新建com.yf.cn包，然后在该包下新建dao包和service包，然后新建userDao接口以及实现了、UserService接口以及实现类作为测试类
UserDao：

package com.yf.cn.dao;

public interface UserDao {
    public void sayMsg(String msg);
}

UserDaoImpl：

package com.yf.cn.dao.impl;

import com.yf.cn.dao.UserDao;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
    @Override
    public void sayMsg(String msg) {
        System.out.println("你好啊"+msg);
    }
}

UserService：

package com.yf.cn.service;

public interface UserService {
    public void say(String msg);
}

UserServiceImpl：

package com.yf.cn.service.impl;

import com.yf.cn.dao.UserDao;
import com.yf.cn.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    private UserDao userDao;
    @Override
    public void say(String msg) {
        userDao.sayMsg(msg);
    }

    public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao) {
        this.userDao = userDao;
    }
}

1.6在resources目录下新建application.xml

1.7将类交给spring容器管理，在application.xml中进行配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"
                            default-autowire="byType">

<bean id="userService" class="com.yf.cn.service.impl.UserServiceImpl">
        <property name="userDao" ref="userDaoImpl"/>
</bean>-

<bean id="userDao" class="com.yf.cn.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl"></bean>

</beans>

1.8创建测试类进行测试，执行testRunMethod方法能够看到控制台输出的内容，说明springIoc xml应用已经配置完成

package com.yf.cn;

import com.yf.cn.service.UserService;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class TestSpringXml {
    ApplicationContext context;

    @Before
    public void setup(){
        /**
         * spring xml配置应用程序类
         */
        context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:application.xml");
    }

    @Test
    public void testRunMethod(){
        UserService userService =  applicationContext.getBean(UserService.class);
        userService.say("小辣椒");
    }
}

2. 基于注解的应用模式
2.1将application.xml中的UserDaoImpl和UserServiceImpl配置去掉，在代码中通过注解方式配置，在UserDaoImpl类中添加@Repository注解，在UserServiceImpl中添加@Service，并在UserDao属性上添加@Autowired注解


2.2在application.xml中开启注解扫描和包扫描

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"
                            default-autowire="byType">

    <context:annotation-config></context:annotation-config>
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.yf.cn"/>
</beans>

说明：在spring4.0后context:component-scan标签同时具备包扫描和注解扫描功能，所以context:annotation-config添加也可，去掉也可

2.3继续测试TestSpringXml 类中的testRunMethod方法，发现也可以正常输出，说明基于注解的方式配置完成
3. 基于javaconfig应用模式
3.1将resources目录下的application.xml删除，或者修改后缀
3.2在java目录的com.yf.cn包下面新建App类，并进行配置
App.class:

package com.yf.cn;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ImportResource;

/**
 * @Configuration 添加此注解知名该类是一个xml配置类
 */
@Configuration
@ComponentScan("com.yf.cn")
//@ImportResource("classpath:application.xml")
public class App {
}

重点说明：在上面App类中添加两个注解：@Configuration标识该类是一个xml配置类，另外通过注解开启包扫描@ComponentScan(“com.yf.cn”)
3.3在测试类中修改构建spring工厂类方法：

3.4继续测试TestSpringXml 类中的testRunMethod方法，发现也可以正常输出，说明基于javaConfig的方式配置完成