hive元数据存储

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已于 2022-10-27 14:53:04 修改

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分类专栏： linux 文章标签： hive mysql hadoop

于 2022-10-27 11:03:53 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/yangguangniubi/article/details/127547754

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mysql

首先把mysql的驱动包放在hive的lib下

创建hive-site.xml

[root@hadoop102 conf]# vim hive-site.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<configuration>
    <!-- jdbc 连接的 URL -->
    <property>
        <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
        <value>jdbc:mysql://ip:3306/metastore?useUnicode=true&amp;rewriteBatchedStatements=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8&amp;autoReconnect=true&amp;serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai</value>
    </property>
    <!-- jdbc 连接的 Driver-->
    <property>
        <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
        <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
    </property>
    <!-- jdbc 连接的 username-->
    <property>
        <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
        <value>root</value>
    </property>
    <!-- jdbc 连接的 password -->
    <property>
        <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
        <value>root</value>
    </property>
    <!-- Hive 元数据存储版本的验证 -->
    <property>
        <name>hive.metastore.schema.verification</name>
        <value>false</value>
    </property>
    <!--元数据存储授权-->
    <property>
        <name>hive.metastore.event.db.notification.api.auth</name>
        <value>false</value>
    </property>
    <!-- Hive 默认在 HDFS 的工作目录 -->
    <property>
        <name>hive.metastore.warehouse.dir</name>
        <value>/user/hive/warehouse</value>
    </property>
	
</configuration>

###########初始化mysql
[root@hadoop102 hive]# schematool -initSchema -dbType mysql -verbose
[root@hadoop102 hive]# bin/hive
which: no hbase in (/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/opt/module/jdk1.8.0_251/bin:/opt/module/hadoop-3.1.3/bin:/opt/module/hadoop-3.1.3/sbin:/opt/module/hive/bin:/root/bin)
Hive Session ID = 5f10de66-60b6-485f-a03a-bb0177786696

Logging initialized using configuration in jar:file:/opt/module/hive/lib/hive-common-3.1.2.jar!/hive-log4j2.properties Async: true
Loading class `com.mysql.jdbc.Driver'. This is deprecated. The new driver class is `com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver'. The driver is automatically registered via the SPI and manual loading of the driver class is generally unnecessary.
Hive-on-MR is deprecated in Hive 2 and may not be available in the future versions. Consider using a different execution engine (i.e. spark, tez) or using Hive 1.X releases.
Hive Session ID = 749ff390-eaec-4109-97a8-0f4fc60714ea
#################################查看数据库
hive> show databases;
OK
default
Time taken: 0.241 seconds, Fetched: 1 row(s)
hive> show tables;
OK
Time taken: 0.091 seconds
#######################################创建表
hive> create table test (id string);
OK
Time taken: 0.52 seconds
#######################################查询
hive> select * from test;
OK
1001
Time taken: 1.407 seconds, Fetched: 1 row(s)
hive>

为了可以多个客户端连接hive,所以配置mysql

客户端连接hive

修改hive-site.xml

 <!-- Hive 指定存储元数据要连接的地址 -->
    <property>
        <name>hive.metastore.uris</name>
        <value>thrift://hadoop102:9083</value>
    </property>

############################启动
[root@hadoop102 hive]# bin/hive --service metastore
############################在另一个窗口使用进入hive服务
[root@hadoop102 hive]# bin/hive

使用jdbc方式连接hive

修改hive-site.xml


	<!-- 指定hiveserver2连接的host -->
	<property>
       		<name>hive.server2.thrift.bind.host</name>
       		<value>hadoop102</value>
    </property>
	<!-- 指定hiveserver2连接的端口号 -->
	<property>
       	<name>hive.server2.thrift.port</name>
     	<value>10000</value>
	</property>

[root@hadoop102 hive]# bin/hive --service metastore
2022-10-27 11:20:59: Starting Hive Metastore Server
Loading class `com.mysql.jdbc.Driver'. This is deprecated. The new driver class is `com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver'. The driver is automatically registered via the SPI and manual loading of the driver class is generally unnecessary.

在另一个窗口

[root@hadoop102 hive]# bin/hive --service hiveserver2

再打开一个窗口

[root@hadoop102 hive]# bin/beeline -u jdbc:hive2://hadoop102:10000 -n root
Connecting to jdbc:hive2://hadoop102:10000
22/10/27 11:31:27 [main]: WARN jdbc.HiveConnection: Failed to connect to hadoop102:10000
Error: Could not open client transport with JDBC Uri: jdbc:hive2://hadoop102:10000: Failed to open new session: java.lang.RuntimeException: org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RemoteException(org.apache.hadoop.security.authorize.AuthorizationException): User: root is not allowed to impersonate root (state=08S01,code=0)
Beeline version 3.1.2 by Apache Hive

报错了

停止hadoop集群,修改core-site.xml

[root@hadoop102 hive]# myhadoop.sh stop
[root@hadoop102 hive]# vim /opt/module/hadoop-3.1.3/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml 

	<!-- jdbc连接hive -->
    <property>
        <name>hadoop.proxyuser.xxx.hosts</name>
        <value>*</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>hadoop.proxyuser.xxx.groups</name>
        <value>*</value>
    </property>

其中xxx就是你自己的用户名,在启动的时候需要使用

再次启动

[root@hadoop102 hive]# bin/hive --service metastore
2022-10-27 11:46:46: Starting Hive Metastore Server
Loading class `com.mysql.jdbc.Driver'. This is deprecated. The new driver class is `com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver'. The driver is automatically registered via the SPI and manual loading of the driver class is generally unnecessary.

###############################打开第二个窗口
[root@hadoop102 hive]# bin/hive --service hiveserver2
which: no hbase in (/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/opt/module/jdk1.8.0_251/bin:/opt/module/hadoop-3.1.3/bin:/opt/module/hadoop-3.1.3/sbin:/opt/module/hive/bin:/root/bin)
2022-10-27 11:47:01: Starting HiveServer2
Hive Session ID = 417c1ab9-4579-4a1f-ad1a-1569cdc216d1
Hive Session ID = 0ca0db98-4643-40b5-ad34-5b55f5fafe6d
Hive Session ID = 8392223b-c68a-45b1-b177-f74ce1a46e31
Hive Session ID = 6f98205f-b9c0-4720-bca2-5c190d4a59ee
#####################################打开第三个窗口
[root@hadoop102 hive]# bin/beeline -u jdbc:hive2://hadoop102:10000 -n root
Connecting to jdbc:hive2://hadoop102:10000
22/10/27 11:47:56 [main]: WARN jdbc.HiveConnection: Failed to connect to hadoop102:10000
Could not open connection to the HS2 server. Please check the server URI and if the URI is correct, then ask the administrator to check the server status.
Error: Could not open client transport with JDBC Uri: jdbc:hive2://hadoop102:10000: java.net.ConnectException: 拒绝连接 (Connection refused) (state=08S01,code=0)
Beeline version 3.1.2 by Apache Hive
[root@hadoop102 hive]# bin/beeline -u jdbc:hive2://hadoop102:10000 -n root
Connecting to jdbc:hive2://hadoop102:10000
Connected to: Apache Hive (version 3.1.2)
Driver: Hive JDBC (version 3.1.2)
Transaction isolation: TRANSACTION_REPEATABLE_READ
Beeline version 3.1.2 by Apache Hive
0: jdbc:hive2://hadoop102:10000>

后台启动

我们发现上面的启动不能关闭终端,而我们肯定是要在能关闭终端下启动的

[root@hadoop102 hive]# nohup bin/hive --service metastore 2>&1 &
[1] 17600
[root@hadoop102 hive]# nohup: 忽略输入并把输出追加到"nohup.out"
[root@hadoop102 hive]# nohup bin/hive --service hiveserver2 2>&1 &
[1] 17600
[root@hadoop102 hive]# bin/beeline -u jdbc:hive2://hadoop102:10000 -n root

使用自定义sheel脚本


[root@hadoop102 bin]# cd /usr/bin/
[root@hadoop102 bin]# vim myhiveservice.sh

#!/bin/bash	
HIVE_LOG_DIR=$HIVE_HOME/logs
if [ ! -d $HIVE_LOG_DIR ]
then 
  mkdir -p $HIVE_LOG_DIR
fi
 
#检查进程是否运行正常，参数 1 为进程名，参数 2 为进程端口
function check_process()
{
 pid=$(ps -ef 2>/dev/null | grep -v grep | grep -i $1 | awk '{print $2}')
 ppid=$(netstat -nltp 2>/dev/null | grep $2 | awk '{print $7}' | cut -d '/' -f 1)
  echo $pid
 [[ "$pid" =~ "$ppid" ]] && [ "$ppid" ] && return 0 || return 1
}
 
function hive_start()
{
 metapid=$(check_process HiveMetastore 9083)
 cmd="nohup hive --service metastore >$HIVE_LOG_DIR/metastore.log 2>&1&"
 [ -z "$metapid" ] && eval $cmd || echo "Metastroe 服务已启动"
 server2pid=$(check_process HiveServer2 10000)
 cmd="nohup hiveserver2 >$HIVE_LOG_DIR/hiveServer2.log 2>&1 &"
 [ -z "$server2pid" ] && eval $cmd || echo "HiveServer2 服务已启动"
}
 
function hive_stop()
{
metapid=$(check_process HiveMetastore 9083)
 [ "$metapid" ] && kill $metapid || echo "Metastore 服务未启动"
 server2pid=$(check_process HiveServer2 10000)
 [ "$server2pid" ] && kill $server2pid || echo "HiveServer2 服务未启动"
}
 
case $1 in
"start")
 hive_start
 ;;
"stop")
 hive_stop
 ;;
"restart")
 hive_stop
 sleep 2
 hive_start
 ;;
"status")
 check_process HiveMetastore 9083 >/dev/null && echo "Metastore 服务运行正常" || echo "Metastore 服务运行异常"
 check_process HiveServer2 10000 >/dev/null && echo "HiveServer2 服务运行正常" || echo "HiveServer2 服务运行异常"
 ;;
*)
 echo Invalid Args!
 echo 'Usage: '$(basename $0)' start|stop|restart|status'
 ;;
esac

####################启动
[root@hadoop102 bin]# chmod 777 myhiveservice.sh 
[root@hadoop102 bin]# myhiveservice.sh start
######################因为启动比较慢,所以可以查看状态看看
[root@hadoop102 bin]# myhiveservice.sh status
Metastore 服务运行正常
HiveServer2 服务运行正常
说明启动成功

hive-site.xml
添加表头
<property>
        <name>hive.cli.print.header</name>
        <value>true</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>hive.cli.print.current.db</name>
        <value>true</value>
    </property>