RTSP协议的一些分析(三)——简单的rtsp服务器的实现

 

目录

一、简介

二、套接字的创建

三、解析请求

四、OPTIONS的响应

五、DESCRIBE的响应

六、SETUP的响应

七、PLAY的响应

八、源码


一、简介

        RTSP服务器有两个部分组成,一个是RTSP的交互,一个是RTP数据的传输,本文主要实现RTSP服务的交互过程。从PTSP协议介绍中我们可以了解到,当rtsp客户端连接成功后就会开始发送请求,服务器这是需要接收客户端请求并开始解析,再采取相应得操作。常用的RTSP请求如下图1所示,所以RTSP服务器最少也要实现以下几种请求的响应,本文主要描述OPTIONS、DESCRIBE、SETUP、PLAY等几种简单的响应,这些方法的具体介绍可以参考PTSP协议介绍或者RTSP协议中文文档。当然还需要创建一个TCP的服务器。

图1 RTSP的几种简单请求

二、套接字的创建

         VLC客户端其实就是一个RTSP客户端,当我们在vlc输入rtsp://127.0.0.1:8554后发生了什么事?
         当输入这个url后,vlc知道目的IP为127.0.0.1,目的端口号为8854,这时vlc会发起一个tcp连接取连接服务器,连接成功后就开始发送请求,服务端响应。所以我们要写一个rtsp服务器,第一步肯定是创建tcp服务器。

static int createTcpSocket()
{
    int sockfd;
    int on = 1;

    sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if(sockfd < 0)
        return -1;

    setsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, (const char*)&on, sizeof(on));

    return sockfd;
}

static int createUdpSocket()
{
    int sockfd;
    int on = 1;

    sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
    if(sockfd < 0)
        return -1;

    setsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, (const char*)&on, sizeof(on));

    return sockfd;
}

static int bindSocketAddr(int sockfd, const char* ip, int port)
{
    struct sockaddr_in addr;

    addr.sin_family 		= AF_INET;
    addr.sin_port 			= htons(port);
    addr.sin_addr.s_addr 	= inet_addr(ip);

    if(bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr)) < 0)
        return -1;

    return 0;
}

static int acceptClient(int sockfd, char* ip, int* port)
{
    int clientfd;
    socklen_t len = 0;
    struct sockaddr_in addr;

    memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
    len = sizeof(addr);

    clientfd = accept(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, &len);
    if(clientfd < 0)
        return -1;
    
    strcpy(ip, inet_ntoa(addr.sin_addr));
    *port = ntohs(addr.sin_port);

    return clientfd;
}

三、解析请求

          当rtsp客户端连接成功后就会开始发送请求,服务器这是需要接收客户端请求并开始解析,再采取相应得操作。我们现在只分析图1中显示的几种简单的请求,相对应的我们要实现这几种请求的响应。

OPTIONS rtsp://127.0.0.1:8554/live RTSP/1.0\r\n
CSeq: 2\r\n
\r\n
DESCRIBE rtsp://127.0.0.1:8554/live RTSP/1.0\r\n
CSeq: 3\r\n
Accept: application/sdp\r\n
\r\n
SETUP rtsp://127.0.0.1:8554/live/track0 RTSP/1.0\r\n
CSeq: 4\r\n
Transport: RTP/AVP;unicast;client_port=54492-54493\r\n
\r\n
PLAY rtsp://127.0.0.1:8554/live RTSP/1.0\r\n
CSeq: 5\r\n
Session: 66334873\r\n
Range: npt=0.000-\r\n
\r\n

         以上就是RTSP客户端发送过来的OPTIONS、DESCRIBE、SETUP、PLAY的请求,我们先要对其请求进行分析,剥离出我们需要的信息,比如请求头OPTIONS等、URL、Cseq等等信息。前面我在RTSP协议的一些分析(一)RTSP协议的一些分析(二)中介绍了一些字符串函数的使用,我们基本上就是使用里面描述的字符串函数进行关键信息的提取。具体代码如下:

		if (!sscanf(stRtspHdrParam.rtsp_InBuffer, "%s",stRtspHdrParam.rtsp_method))
	    {
	    	printf("prase url failed\n");
			goto out;
	    }

		if((p = strstr(stRtspHdrParam.rtsp_InBuffer,HDR_CSEQ)) != NULL)
		{		
			if(!sscanf(p, "%*s %d",&stRtspHdrParam.rtsp_cseq))
			{
				printf("prase Cseq failed\n");
				goto out;
			}
		}


static int RTSP_HandleMethod(RTSP_HDR_PARAM* pstRtspHdrParam)
{
	if(!strcmp(pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_method,RTSP_METHOD_OPTIONS))
	{
		if(RTSP_HandleMethodOPTIONS(pstRtspHdrParam))
		{
			printf("failed to handle OPTIONS\n");
			return -1;
		}
	}
	else if(!strcmp(pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_method,RTSP_METHOD_DESCRIBE))
	{
		if(RTSP_HandleMethodDESCRIBE(pstRtspHdrParam))
		{
			printf("failed to handle DESCRIBE\n");
			return -1;
		}
	}
	else if(!strcmp(pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_method,RTSP_METHOD_SETUP))
	{
		if(RTSP_HandleMethodSETUP(pstRtspHdrParam))
		{
			printf("failed to handle SETUP\n");
			return -1;
		}
	}
	else if(!strcmp(pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_method,RTSP_METHOD_PLAY))
	{
		if(RTSP_HandleMethodPLAY(pstRtspHdrParam))
		{
			printf("failed to handle PLAY\n");
			return -1;
		}
	}

	return 0;

}

四、OPTIONS的响应

        OPTIONS是客户端向服务端请求可用的方法,我们这里只实现了OPTIONS、DESCRIBLE、SETUP、PLAY,所以就向客户端回复我们当前可用的方法。

static int RTSP_HandleMethodOPTIONS(RTSP_HDR_PARAM* pstRtspHdrParam)
{
    sprintf(pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_OutBuffer,
					"RTSP/1.0 200 OK\r\n"
                    "CSeq: %d\r\n"
                    "Public: OPTIONS, DESCRIBE, SETUP, PLAY\r\n"
                    "\r\n",
                    pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_cseq);
                
    return 0;

}

五、DESCRIBE的响应

       DESCRIBE是客户端向服务器请求媒体信息,这是服务器需要回复sdp描述文件,这个例子中的媒体是H.264。

static int RTSP_HandleMethodDESCRIBE(RTSP_HDR_PARAM* pstRtspHdrParam)
{
	char sdp[500];
    char localIp[100];
	char url[255];
    sscanf(pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_InBuffer, "%*s %256s",url);
    sscanf(pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_InBuffer, "DESCRIBE rtsp://%[^:]:", localIp);
    sprintf(sdp, "v=0\r\n"
                 "o=- 9%ld 1 IN IP4 %s\r\n"
                 "t=0 0\r\n"
                 "a=control:*\r\n"
                 "m=video 0 RTP/AVP 96\r\n"
                 "a=rtpmap:96 H264/90000\r\n"
                 "a=control:track0\r\n",
                 time(NULL), localIp);
    
    sprintf(pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_OutBuffer, 
					"RTSP/1.0 200 OK\r\n"
					"CSeq: %d\r\n"
                    "Content-Base: %s\r\n"
                    "Content-type: application/sdp\r\n"
                    "Content-length: %d\r\n\r\n"
                    "%s",
                    pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_cseq,
                    url,
                    strlen(sdp),
                    sdp);
    return 0;

}

六、SETUP的响应

        SETUP是客户端请求建立会话连接,并发送了客户端的RTP端口和RTCP端口,那么此时服务端需要回复服务端的RTP端口和RTCP端口。

       针对一个 URI 的 SETUP 详细说明了将要用于流媒体的传输机制。客户端可以针对已开始播放的流发出 SETUP 请求,来改变传输参数--服务器可能会同意。如果它不同意,它必须响应一个"455 此状态下此方法无效"错误。为便于穿透防火墙,客户端必须指示传输参数,即便它不能影响这些参数,例如:服务器向哪里放固定的多播地址的广告。

       传输头部(Transport header)详细列出了客户端能接受的数据传输参数 ;响应中会包含服务器选定的传输参数。

static int RTSP_HandleMethodSETUP(RTSP_HDR_PARAM* pstRtspHdrParam)
{
	char *p = NULL;
	if((p = strstr(pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_InBuffer,HDR_TRANSPORT)))
	{
		sscanf(p, "Transport: RTP/AVP;unicast;client_port=%d-%d\r\n",
			 &pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_clientRtpPort, &pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_clientRtcpPort);
	}

    sprintf(pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_OutBuffer, 
    				"RTSP/1.0 200 OK\r\n"
                    "CSeq: %d\r\n"
                    "Transport: RTP/AVP;unicast;client_port=%d-%d;server_port=%d-%d\r\n"
                    "Session: 66334873\r\n"
                    "\r\n",
                    pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_cseq,
                    pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_clientRtpPort,
                    pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_clientRtcpPort,
                    SERVER_RTP_PORT,
                    SERVER_RTCP_PORT);
    return 0;
}

       服务器在响应 SETUP 请求时生成会话标识。如果发往服务器的 SETUP 请求中包含了会话标识,服务器必须把这个 SETUP请求绑定到已存在的会话中,或是返回"459 不允许合控制"错误。

七、PLAY的响应

       PLAY时客户端向服务器请求播放,这时服务端回复完请求后就开始通过setup过程中创建的udp套接字发送RTP包。

static int RTSP_HandleMethodPLAY(RTSP_HDR_PARAM* pstRtspHdrParam)
{
    sprintf(pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_OutBuffer, 
					"RTSP/1.0 200 OK\r\n"
                    "CSeq: %d\r\n"
                    "Range: npt=0.000-\r\n"
                    "Session: 66334873; timeout=60\r\n"
                    "\r\n",
                    pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_cseq);
    return 0;
}

八、源码

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>


#define BUF_MAX_SIZE    (1024*1024)
#define SERVER_RTP_PORT  55532
#define SERVER_RTCP_PORT 55533
#define SERVER_PORT     8554

#define HDR_CSEQ 			"CSeq"
#define HDR_RANGE 			"Range"
#define HDR_SESSION 		"Session"
#define HDR_TRANSPORT 		"Transport"

#define RTSP_METHOD_OPTIONS  "OPTIONS"
#define RTSP_METHOD_DESCRIBE "DESCRIBE"
#define RTSP_METHOD_SETUP 	 "SETUP"
#define RTSP_METHOD_PLAY 	 "PLAY"

typedef struct _RTSP_HDR_PARAM_
{
	unsigned int rtsp_cseq;
	unsigned int rtsp_session;
	unsigned int rtsp_clientRtpPort;
	unsigned int rtsp_clientRtcpPort;
	unsigned char rtsp_method[20];
	char rtsp_InBuffer[BUF_MAX_SIZE]; /*接收缓冲区*/
	char rtsp_OutBuffer[BUF_MAX_SIZE];/*发送缓冲区*/
}RTSP_HDR_PARAM;


static int createTcpSocket()
{
    int sockfd;
    int on = 1;

    sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if(sockfd < 0)
        return -1;

    setsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, (const char*)&on, sizeof(on));

    return sockfd;
}

static int createUdpSocket()
{
    int sockfd;
    int on = 1;

    sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
    if(sockfd < 0)
        return -1;

    setsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, (const char*)&on, sizeof(on));

    return sockfd;
}

static int bindSocketAddr(int sockfd, const char* ip, int port)
{
    struct sockaddr_in addr;

    addr.sin_family 		= AF_INET;
    addr.sin_port 			= htons(port);
    addr.sin_addr.s_addr 	= inet_addr(ip);

    if(bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr)) < 0)
        return -1;

    return 0;
}

static int acceptClient(int sockfd, char* ip, int* port)
{
    int clientfd;
    socklen_t len = 0;
    struct sockaddr_in addr;

    memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
    len = sizeof(addr);

    clientfd = accept(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, &len);
    if(clientfd < 0)
        return -1;
    
    strcpy(ip, inet_ntoa(addr.sin_addr));
    *port = ntohs(addr.sin_port);

    return clientfd;
}

static int RTSP_HandleMethodOPTIONS(RTSP_HDR_PARAM* pstRtspHdrParam)
{
    sprintf(pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_OutBuffer,
					"RTSP/1.0 200 OK\r\n"
                    "CSeq: %d\r\n"
                    "Public: OPTIONS, DESCRIBE, SETUP, PLAY\r\n"
                    "\r\n",
                    pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_cseq);
                
    return 0;

}

static int RTSP_HandleMethodDESCRIBE(RTSP_HDR_PARAM* pstRtspHdrParam)
{
	char sdp[500];
    char localIp[100];
	char url[255];
    sscanf(pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_InBuffer, "%*s %256s",url);
    sscanf(pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_InBuffer, "DESCRIBE rtsp://%[^:]:", localIp);
    sprintf(sdp, "v=0\r\n"
                 "o=- 9%ld 1 IN IP4 %s\r\n"
                 "t=0 0\r\n"
                 "a=control:*\r\n"
                 "m=video 0 RTP/AVP 96\r\n"
                 "a=rtpmap:96 H264/90000\r\n"
                 "a=control:track0\r\n",
                 time(NULL), localIp);
    
    sprintf(pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_OutBuffer, 
					"RTSP/1.0 200 OK\r\n"
					"CSeq: %d\r\n"
                    "Content-Base: %s\r\n"
                    "Content-type: application/sdp\r\n"
                    "Content-length: %d\r\n\r\n"
                    "%s",
                    pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_cseq,
                    url,
                    strlen(sdp),
                    sdp);
    return 0;

}

static int RTSP_HandleMethodSETUP(RTSP_HDR_PARAM* pstRtspHdrParam)
{
	char *p = NULL;
	if((p = strstr(pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_InBuffer,HDR_TRANSPORT)))
	{
		sscanf(p, "Transport: RTP/AVP;unicast;client_port=%d-%d\r\n",
			 &pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_clientRtpPort, &pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_clientRtcpPort);
	}

    sprintf(pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_OutBuffer, 
    				"RTSP/1.0 200 OK\r\n"
                    "CSeq: %d\r\n"
                    "Transport: RTP/AVP;unicast;client_port=%d-%d;server_port=%d-%d\r\n"
                    "Session: 66334873\r\n"
                    "\r\n",
                    pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_cseq,
                    pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_clientRtpPort,
                    pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_clientRtcpPort,
                    SERVER_RTP_PORT,
                    SERVER_RTCP_PORT);
    return 0;
}

static int RTSP_HandleMethodPLAY(RTSP_HDR_PARAM* pstRtspHdrParam)
{
    sprintf(pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_OutBuffer, 
					"RTSP/1.0 200 OK\r\n"
                    "CSeq: %d\r\n"
                    "Range: npt=0.000-\r\n"
                    "Session: 66334873; timeout=60\r\n"
                    "\r\n",
                    pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_cseq);
    return 0;
}


static int RTSP_HandleMethod(RTSP_HDR_PARAM* pstRtspHdrParam)
{
	if(!strcmp(pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_method,RTSP_METHOD_OPTIONS))
	{
		if(RTSP_HandleMethodOPTIONS(pstRtspHdrParam))
		{
			printf("failed to handle OPTIONS\n");
			return -1;
		}
	}
	else if(!strcmp(pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_method,RTSP_METHOD_DESCRIBE))
	{
		if(RTSP_HandleMethodDESCRIBE(pstRtspHdrParam))
		{
			printf("failed to handle DESCRIBE\n");
			return -1;
		}
	}
	else if(!strcmp(pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_method,RTSP_METHOD_SETUP))
	{
		if(RTSP_HandleMethodSETUP(pstRtspHdrParam))
		{
			printf("failed to handle SETUP\n");
			return -1;
		}
	}
	else if(!strcmp(pstRtspHdrParam->rtsp_method,RTSP_METHOD_PLAY))
	{
		if(RTSP_HandleMethodPLAY(pstRtspHdrParam))
		{
			printf("failed to handle PLAY\n");
			return -1;
		}
	}

	return 0;

}
/*
*OPTIONS rtsp://10.1.74.190:8554 RTSP/1.0
*CSeq: 2
*User-Agent: LibVLC/3.0.4 (LIVE555 Streaming Media v2016.11.28)
*
*DESCRIBE rtsp://10.1.74.190:8554 RTSP/1.0
*CSeq: 3
*User-Agent: LibVLC/3.0.4 (LIVE555 Streaming Media v2016.11.28)
*Accept: application/sdp
*
*
*SETUP rtsp://10.1.74.190:8554/track0 RTSP/1.0
*CSeq: 4
*User-Agent: LibVLC/3.0.4 (LIVE555 Streaming Media v2016.11.28)
*Transport: RTP/AVP;unicast;client_port=63244-63245
*
*PLAY rtsp://10.1.74.190:8554 RTSP/1.0
*CSeq: 5
*User-Agent: LibVLC/3.0.4 (LIVE555 Streaming Media v2016.11.28)
*Session: 66334873
*Range: npt=0.000-
*
*/
static void doClient(int clientSockfd, const char* clientIP, int clientPort,
                        int serverRtpSockfd, int serverRtcpSockfd)
{
	int recvLen;
	int iRet = -1;
	char *p = NULL;
	RTSP_HDR_PARAM stRtspHdrParam;

	while(1)
    {
    	recvLen = recv(clientSockfd, stRtspHdrParam.rtsp_InBuffer, BUF_MAX_SIZE, 0);
		if(recvLen <= 0)
            goto out;
		stRtspHdrParam.rtsp_InBuffer[recvLen] = '\0';
		printf("---------------C->S--------------\n");
		printf("%s\n",stRtspHdrParam.rtsp_InBuffer);

		if (!sscanf(stRtspHdrParam.rtsp_InBuffer, "%s",stRtspHdrParam.rtsp_method))
	    {
	    	printf("prase url failed\n");
			goto out;
	    }

		if((p = strstr(stRtspHdrParam.rtsp_InBuffer,HDR_CSEQ)) != NULL)
		{		
			if(!sscanf(p, "%*s %d",&stRtspHdrParam.rtsp_cseq))
			{
				printf("prase Cseq failed\n");
				goto out;
			}
		}

		iRet = RTSP_HandleMethod(&stRtspHdrParam);
		if(iRet != 0)
		{
			printf("RTSP_HandleMethod failed\n");
			goto out;
		}
		
		printf("---------------S->C--------------\n");
		printf("%s\n",stRtspHdrParam.rtsp_OutBuffer);
		send(clientSockfd, stRtspHdrParam.rtsp_OutBuffer, strlen(stRtspHdrParam.rtsp_OutBuffer), 0);
	}

out:
	close(clientSockfd);

}

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    int serverSockfd;
    int serverRtpSockfd, serverRtcpSockfd;
    int ret;

	/* 1. 创建TCP   socket */
    serverSockfd = createTcpSocket();
    if(serverSockfd < 0)
    {
        printf("failed to create tcp socket\n");
        return -1;
    }

	/* 2. 绑定TCP   socket */
	ret = bindSocketAddr(serverSockfd, "0.0.0.0", SERVER_PORT);
    if(ret < 0)
    {
        printf("failed to bind addr\n");
        return -1;
    }

	/* 3. 监听 */
    ret = listen(serverSockfd, 10);
    if(ret < 0)
    {
        printf("failed to listen\n");
        return -1;
    }


	/* 4. 创建UDP socket */
    serverRtpSockfd = createUdpSocket();
    serverRtcpSockfd = createUdpSocket();
    if(serverRtpSockfd < 0 || serverRtcpSockfd < 0)
    {
        printf("failed to create udp socket\n");
        return -1;
    }

	/* 5. 绑定UDP   socket */
	if(bindSocketAddr(serverRtpSockfd, "0.0.0.0", SERVER_RTP_PORT) < 0 ||
        bindSocketAddr(serverRtcpSockfd, "0.0.0.0", SERVER_RTCP_PORT) < 0)
    {
        printf("failed to bind addr\n");
        return -1;
    }

	while(1)
	{
		int clientSockfd;
		char clientIp[40];
		int clientPort;

		clientSockfd = acceptClient(serverSockfd, clientIp, &clientPort);
		if(clientSockfd < 0)
		{
			printf("failed to accept client\n");
			return -1;
		}

		printf("accept client;client ip:%s,client port:%d\n", clientIp, clientPort);

		doClient(clientSockfd, clientIp, clientPort, serverRtpSockfd, serverRtcpSockfd);

	}
		
}

 

评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值