Numpy and Pandas 用法整理

    numpy属性

import numpy as np
array=np.array([[1,2,3],
               [2,3,4]])
#array数组 matrix 矩阵
print(array)
print('number of dim:',array.ndim)#看几维的数组
print("shape:",array.shape)#看行数列数
print("size:",array.size)#看有几个元素

[[1 2 3]
 [2 3 4]]
number of dim: 2
shape: (2, 3)
size: 6


  numpy创建array

import numpy as np
a=np.array([2,23,4],dtype=np.float)#创建数组并且定义为浮点型
print(a.dtype)#打印种类

a=np.array([[2,23,4],
            [2,23,4]])
print(a)
a=np.zeros((3,4))#3x40矩阵
a=np.arange(10,20,2)#生成有序数列
np.arange(12).reshape((3,4))#reshape改变形状
print(a)

a=np.linspace(1,10,5)#1到10等距四段
print(a)

float64
[[ 2 23  4]
 [ 2 23  4]]
[10 12 14 16 18]
[ 1.    3.25  5.5   7.75 10.  ]


   numpy的基础运算

import numpy as np
a=np.array([10,20,30,40])
b=np.arange(4)
print(a,b)
c=a-b
c=b**2#平方

c=10*np.tan(a)#tan函数
print(c)

[10 20 30 40] [0 1 2 3]
[  6.48360827  22.37160944 -64.05331197 -11.17214931]

import numpy as np
a=np.array([10,20,30,40])
b=np.arange(4)
print(b<3)
print(b==3)#判断哪些等于3

[ True  True  True False]
[False False False  True]

#逐个相乘和矩阵相乘
import numpy as np
a=np.array([[1,1],[0,1]])
b=np.arange(4).reshape(2,2)
c=a*b
print(c)
c_dot=np.dot(a,b)#矩阵相乘
print(c_dot)

[[0 1]
 [0 3]]
[[2 4]
 [2 3]]

#求和最小最大
import numpy as np
a=np.random.random((2,4))
print(a)
#a=(np.sum(a,axis=1))
#a=(np.max(a,axis=1))
a=(np.min(a,axis=1))
print(a)

[[0.35129081 0.6504631  0.2607104  0.49290976]
 [0.35479875 0.33376722 0.4280792  0.85249914]]
[0.2607104  0.33376722]


 numpy 基础运算2

import numpy as np
a= np.arange(2,14).reshape((3,4))
print(a)
print(np.argmin(a))#打印最小值的索引
print(np.average(a))#打印平均值
print(np.mean(a))#打印平均值
print(np.median(a))#中位数
print(np.diff(a))#一阶差分

[[ 2  3  4  5]
 [ 6  7  8  9]
 [10 11 12 13]]
0
7.5
7.5
7.5
[[1 1 1]
 [1 1 1]
 [1 1 1]]

import numpy as np
a=np.arange(14,2,-1).reshape((3,4))
print(a)
print(np.sort(a))#每行排序
print(a.T)#矩阵转置
print(np.clip(a,5,9))#大于9为9，小于5为5
print(np.mean(a,axis=0))#列平均

[[14 13 12 11]
 [10  9  8  7]
 [ 6  5  4  3]]
[[11 12 13 14]
 [ 7  8  9 10]
 [ 3  4  5  6]]
[[14 10  6]
 [13  9  5]
 [12  8  4]
 [11  7  3]]
[[9 9 9 9]
 [9 9 8 7]
 [6 5 5 5]]
[10.  9.  8.  7.]


 numpy索引

import numpy as np
a=np.arange(3,15).reshape((3,4))
print(a)
print(a[2][3])#看3行4列的值
print(a[2])
print(a[2,: