CentOS7安装MySQL 8教程

环境介绍

• 操作系统：CentOS 7
• MySQL安装版本：8.0.21 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)
• 查看MySQL软件是否安装：

rpm -qa | grep mysql

• 卸载MySQL：

yum remove -y mysql mysql-libs mysql-common
rm -rf /var/lib/mysql
rm /etc/my.cnf

安装MySQL

安装

# 下载yum源
wget https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm
# 安装yum源
rpm -ivh mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm
# 安装
yum install -y mysql-community-server

配置

• vim /etc/my.cnf 修改内容：

[mysqld]
# MySQL设置大小写不敏感：默认：区分表名的大小写，不区分列名的大小写
# 0：大小写敏感 1：大小写不敏感
lower_case_table_names=1
# 默认字符集
character-set-server=utf8

启动MySQL

systemctl start mysqld

设置root用户密码

• 查看root初始密码：安装了mysql 8之后初始密码不再默认为空，初始密码会生成一个默认密码。密码会输出到mysql日志
  中。日志文件的位置在/var/log/mysqld.log

> cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password
2020-09-16T02:51:00.561577Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: &qo)k2);v/uE

• 修改初始密码：

# 查看下
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';
+--------------------------------------+--------+
| Variable_name                        | Value  |
+--------------------------------------+--------+
| validate_password.check_user_name    | ON     |
| validate_password.dictionary_file    |        |
| validate_password.length             | 8      |
| validate_password.mixed_case_count   | 1      |
| validate_password.number_count       | 1      |
| validate_password.policy             | MEDIUM |
| validate_password.special_char_count | 1      |
+--------------------------------------+--------+
7 rows in set (0.06 sec)
# 设置密码长度最低位数
mysql> set global validate_password.length=6;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
# 设置密码强度级别
mysql> set global validate_password.policy=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
# 修改密码
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

• validate_password.policy有以下取值：

• 默认是1，即MEDIUM，所以刚开始设置的密码必须符合长度，且必须含有数字，小写或大写字母，特
  殊字符。

MySQL远程连接授权

• 登录MySQL：

[root@centos100 tools]# mysql -uroot -p123456;

• 授权

# 切换数据库
mysql> use mysql
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
# 修改host为%，任意ip地址可以访问
mysql> update user set user.Host='%' where user.User='root';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0
# 刷新权限
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

• 关闭防火墙：

systemctl stop firewalld（默认）
systemctl disable firewalld.service（设置开启不启动）