继承的概念，常见的实现继承的几种方式

一、继承的概念
一个类型的实例能够访问另外一个类型的属性和方法
二、实现继承的几种方式
主要有构造函数继承、原型继承、组合继承、寄生组合继承、原型链继承、ES6继承；实现继承的代码如下：
（1）构造函数继承

<script>
    
      function Person(name, age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
      }
   
      function Male(name, age) {
        Person.call(this, name, age);
      }
    
      var male = new Male('yangyang', 20);
      console.log(male.name, male.age);
  </script>

（2）原型继承

<script type="text/javascript">
			function Person(){
				
			}
			Person.prototype.name = "john";
			Person.prototype.age = 20;
			Person.prototype.sayHello = function(){
				console.log(this.name);
			}
			
			function Male(){
				
			}
			
		/*	Male.prototype = Person.prototype;//有瑕疵，地址相同
			Male.prototype.sexy = "nan";*/
			
			/*for(var i in Person.prototype){
				Male.prototype[i] = Person.prototype[i]
			}*/
			//让一个类型的原型对象等于另外一个类型的实例
			Male.prototype = new Person();
			
			var male = new Male();
			male.sayHello();
			var person = new Person();
			console.log(person.sexy);
	</script>

（3）组合继承：构造函数继承和原型继承的组合

<script type="text/javascript">
			function Person(name,age){
				this.name = name;
				this.age = age;
			}
			Person.prototype.sayHello = function(){
				console.log(this.name);
			}
			function Male(name,age){
				Person.call(this,name,age);//实现了实例属性的继承
			}
			//Male.prototype = new Person();
			//只需实现原型方法的继承
			for(var i in Person.prototype){
				Male.prototype[i] = Person.prototype[i];
			}
			
			var male = new Male("john",20);
			male.sayHello();
	</script>

（4）寄生组合继承

<script type="text/javascript">
			function Person(name,age){
				this.name = name;
				this.age = age;
			}
			Person.prototype.sayHello = function(){
				console.log(this.name);
			}
			function Male(name,age){
				Person.call(this,name,age);//实现了实例属性的继承
			}
			
			Male.prototype = Object.create(Person.prototype);
			Male.prototype.constructor = Male;
			
			var male = new Male("john",20);
			male.sayHello();
	</script>

（5）原型链继承

<script type="text/javascript">
			function Person(){}
			Person.prototype.name = "john";
			function Male(){}
			Male.prototype = new Person();
			var male = new Male();
			
			A.prototype = new B();
			B.prototype = new C();
			var a = new A();
	</script>

（6）ES6继承

<script type="text/javascript">
			//也叫语法糖
			class Person{
				constructor(name,age){
					this.name = name;
					this.age = age;
				}
				sayHello(){
					console.log(this.name);
				}
				static foo(){ //类方法
					console.log("aa");
				}
			}
			class Male extends Person{
				constructor(name,age){
					super(name,age);//创建this对象，改变this指向，super指向父类的构造函数的
					this.sexy = "nan";
				}
				sayHi(){
					super.sayHello();//指向父类的原型对象
				}
				static bar(){
					super.foo();//指向父类
				}
			}
			
			var male = new Male("john",20);
			male.sayHi();
			
			Person.foo();
			Male.bar();
	</script>