细心的你应该会发现,如果使用默认的连接池,在Hibernate的日志记录(INFO级别)中会提示:Using Hibernate built-in connection pool (not for production use!)(“你现在使用的是Hibernate内置的连接池,请不要在产品中使用它!”)如果你不听劝告,仍然使用它,就会出现上面所说的数据库单方面断开连接而无法访问的问题。
解决此方法就是使用其他的连接池,比如此c3p0,在Hibernate官网的参考手册(reference)的3.3节中有简单的介绍①:
/**********引用开始*********/
Hibernate's own connection pooling algorithm is however quite rudimentary. It is intended to help you get started and is not intended for use in a production system or even for performance testing. You should use a third party pool for best performance and stability. Just replace the hibernate.connection.pool_size property with connection pool specific settings. This will turn off Hibernate's internal pool. For example, you might like to use C3P0.
C3P0 is an open source JDBC connection pool distributed along with Hibernate in the
lib
directory. Hibernate will use itsorg.hibernate.connection.C3P0ConnectionProvider
for connection pooling if you set hibernate.c3p0.* properties. If you'd like to use Proxool refer to the packagedhibernate.properties
and the Hibernate web site for more information.Here is an example
hibernate.properties
file for C3P0:hibernate.connection.driver_class = org.postgresql.Driver hibernate.connection.url = jdbc:postgresql://localhost/mydatabase hibernate.connection.username = myuser hibernate.connection.password = secret hibernate.c3p0.min_size=5 hibernate.c3p0.max_size=20 hibernate.c3p0.timeout=1800 hibernate.c3p0.max_statements=50 hibernate.dialect = org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect
/**********引用结束*********/
到这里还没结束,如果你按上面的方法添加了,不一定可以成功使用c3p0连接池(至少我测试时没有成功),你还需要添加一句话:
hibernate.connection.provider_class=org.hibernate.connection.C3P0ConnectionProvider
官方参考文档指出connection.provider_class属性是在自定义连接提供者时使用的,并没有说使用c3p0时也要加这句话。但我测试时不加这句话就没有效果,所以还是加上吧!
完整的设置方法:
(属性文件)
/*************排版开始**************/
# Database connection settings
hibernate.connection.driver_class=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
hibernate.connection.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mydb
hibernate.connection.username=username
hibernate.connection.password=password
# configuration pool
hibernate.connection.provider_class=org.hibernate.connection.C3P0ConnectionProvider
hibernate.c3p0.min_size=5
hibernate.c3p0.max_size=15
hibernate.c3p0.timeout=3600
hibernate.c3p0.max_statements=50
# SQL dialect
hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
# Enable Hibernate's automatic session context management
hibernate.current_session_context_class=thread
# Echo all executed SQL to stdout
hibernate.show_sql=true
# Drop and re-create the database schema on startup
hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update
/*************排版结束**************/
如果你想把properties放到xml中,使用hibernate.c3p0.min_size等4项,(而不是c3p0.min_size)不然可能会扔出警告。
/*********排版开始***********/
<property name="hibernate.c3p0.min_size">5</property>
<property name="hibernate.c3p0.max_size">15</property>
<property name="hibernate.c3p0.timeout">3600</property> <!-- seconds -->
<property name="hibernate.c3p0.max_statements">50</property>
/**********排版结束****************/
关于更多c3p0的用法请你自己到网上搜索吧!这里不再重述。