Spring提供的工具类获取ApplicationContext对象报空指针：java.lang.NullPointerException

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/yanzer/article/details/124199617

获取 ApplicationContext 对象的代码如下：

pckage com.zer.controller;

import com.zer.pojo.User;
import com.zer.service.impl.LoginServiceImpl;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.context.support.WebApplicationContextUtils;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * ClassName: LoginServlet
 * Time: 2022-04-15 16:41
 * Description:
 *
 * @author YZ
 */
@WebServlet(value = "/userLogin",loadOnStartup = 1)
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
	private LoginServiceImpl loginServiceImpl;

	//声明init方法，完成Spring资源的初始化加载
	@Override
	public void init() throws ServletException {
		//获取Spring容器对象
		ApplicationContext ac = WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(this.getServletContext());
		System.out.println(ac);
		//获取业务层对象
		loginServiceImpl = (LoginServiceImpl) ac.getBean("loginServiceImpl");
	}

	//声明service方法，完成请求的处理
	@Override
	protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
		//业务代码
	}
}

抛出的异常

当我们运行之后，就会抛出异常，并且在控制台打印了一个 null

15-Apr-2022 17:16:55.973 严重 [http-nio-8080-exec-5] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke Allocate exception for servlet [com.zer.controller.LoginServlet]
 java.lang.NullPointerException
	at com.zer.controller.LoginServlet.init(LoginServlet.java:34)
	at javax.servlet.GenericServlet.init(GenericServlet.java:158)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.initServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1144)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.loadServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1091)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.allocate(StandardWrapper.java:773)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:133)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:96)
	at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:496)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:140)
	at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:81)
	at org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:650)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:87)
	at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:342)
	at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:803)
	at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:66)
	at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:790)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1468)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1128)
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:628)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
	at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:834)

解决

如果检查了我们写的Servlet没有问题的话，再去检查 Spring的配置文件 applicationcontext.xml 是否配置的有问题，如果配置文件都没有问题的话，那么你就有可能跟我犯的是同一个错误了。

我所犯的错误是：没有在 web.xml 配置文件中，配置 spring 的全局路径和监听器所导致的。

配置了 web.xml 配置文件后就成功解决了：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">
    
    <!--配置 spring容器 路径-->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:applicationcontext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    
    <!--配置 spring容器 监听器-->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    
</web-app>