1.单例模式 示例
//单例特点:提供唯一实例,不能由别的对象来new,暴露提供实例的方法
//恶汉式,线程安全
public class EagerSingleton
{
//(虚拟机采用了CAS配上失败重试的方式保证更新更新操作的原子性和TLAB两种方式来解决线程安全问题)
private static EagerSingleton instance = new EagerSingleton();
private EagerSingleton(){}
public static EagerSingleton getInstance(){
return instance;
}
}
//懒汉式,线程不安全
public class LazySingleton
{
private static LazySingleton instance = null;
private LazySingleton(){}
public static LazySingleton getInstance(){
if(instance == null)
{
instance = new LazySingleton();
}
return instance;
}
}
//双检锁,线程安全
public class DoubleCheckLockSingleton
{
private static DoubleCheckLockSingleton instance = null;
private DoubleCheckLockSingleton(){}
public static DoubleCheckLockSingleton getInstance()
{
if(instance == null)// 1
{
synchronized (DoubleCheckLockSingleton.class){
if(instance == null)//2
{
instance = new DoubleCheckLockSingleton();
}
}
}
return instance;
}
/* 线程A初次调用DoubleCheckLockSingleton.getInstance()方法,走1处,
判断instance为null,进入同步代码块,此时线程切换到线程B,
线程B调用DoubleCheckLockSingleton.getInstance()方法,
由于同步代码块外面的代码还是异步执行的,所以线程B走1处,
判断instance为null,等待锁。结果就是线程A实例化出了一个DoubleCheckLockSingleton,
释放锁,线程B获得锁进入同步代码块,判断此时instance不为null了,
并不实例化DoubleCheckLockSingleton。这样,单例类就保证了在内存中只存在一份。*/
}