什么是SQLite
1.SQlite 通过文件来保存数据库,一个文件就是一个数据库。
2.数据库里又包含数个表格;
3.每个表格里面包含了多个记录;
4.每个记录由多个字段组成;
5.每个字段都有其对应的值;
6.每个值都可以指定类型。
总结:数据库名称即文件名;表格有自己的名称;记录没有名称;每个字段都有名称。在SQlite中,记录没有顺序的概念,不存在第一、第二此类的概念;只能通过查询来获取满足条件的记录。我们通过执行SQL指令来操作数据库。
如何使用SQLite进行增删改查
1.MainActivity
import cn.android.sword.sqlite.db.DatabaseHelper;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
public class SQLiteActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener{
private final static String SWORD="SWORD";
//声明五个控件对象
Button createDatabase=null;
Button updateDatabase=null;
Button insert=null;
Button update=null;
Button query=null;
Button delete=null;
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
findViews();
}
private void findViews() {
//根据控件ID得到控件
createDatabase = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.createDatabase);
updateDatabase = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.updateDatabase);
insert = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.insert);
update = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.update);
query = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.query);
delete = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.delete);
//添加监听器
createDatabase.setOnClickListener(this);
updateDatabase.setOnClickListener(this);
insert.setOnClickListener(this);
update.setOnClickListener(this);
query.setOnClickListener(this);
delete.setOnClickListener(this);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
//判断所触发的被监听控件,并执行命令
switch(v.getId()){
//创建数据库
case R.id.createDatabase:
//创建一个DatabaseHelper对象
DatabaseHelper dbHelper1 = new DatabaseHelper(SQLiteActivity.this, "test_db");
//取得一个只读的数据库对象
SQLiteDatabase db1 = dbHelper1.getReadableDatabase();
break;
//更新数据库
case R.id.updateDatabase:
DatabaseHelper dbHelper2 = new DatabaseHelper(SQLiteActivity.this, "test_db", 2);
SQLiteDatabase db2 = dbHelper2.getReadableDatabase();
break;
//插入数据
case R.id.insert:
//创建存放数据的ContentValues对象
ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
//像ContentValues中存放数据
values.put("id", 1);
values.put("name","zhangsan");
DatabaseHelper dbHelper3 = new DatabaseHelper(SQLiteActivity.this, "test_db");
SQLiteDatabase db3 = dbHelper3.getWritableDatabase();
//数据库执行插入命令
db3.insert("user", null, values);
break;
//更新数据信息
case R.id.update:
DatabaseHelper dbHelper4 = new DatabaseHelper(SQLiteActivity.this, "test_db");
SQLiteDatabase db4 = dbHelper4.getWritableDatabase();
ContentValues values2 = new ContentValues();
values2.put("name", "xiaosan");
db4.update("user", values2, "id=?", new String[]{"1"});
break;
//查询信息
case R.id.query:
DatabaseHelper dbHelper5 = new DatabaseHelper(SQLiteActivity.this, "test_db");
SQLiteDatabase db5 = dbHelper5.getReadableDatabase();
//创建游标对象
Cursor cursor = db5.query("user", new String[]{"id","name"}, "id=?", new String[]{"1"}, null, null, null, null);
//利用游标遍历所有数据对象
while(cursor.moveToNext()){
String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("name"));
//日志打印输出
Log.i(SWORD,"query-->"+name);
}
break;
//删除记录
case R.id.delete:
DatabaseHelper dbHelper6 = new DatabaseHelper(SQLiteActivity.this,"test_db");
SQLiteDatabase db6 = dbHelper6.getWritableDatabase();
db6.delete("user", "id=?", new String[]{"1"});
break;
default:
Log.i(SWORD,"error");
break;
}
}
}
2.新建的DatabaseHelper之类文件
import android.content.Context;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.CursorFactory;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;
import android.util.Log;
public class DatabaseHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper{
private static final int VERSION = 1;
private static final String SWORD="SWORD";
//三个不同参数的构造函数
//带全部参数的构造函数,此构造函数必不可少
public DatabaseHelper(Context context, String name, CursorFactory factory,
int version) {
super(context, name, factory, version);
}
//带两个参数的构造函数,调用的其实是带三个参数的构造函数
public DatabaseHelper(Context context,String name){
this(context,name,VERSION);
}
//带三个参数的构造函数,调用的是带所有参数的构造函数
public DatabaseHelper(Context context,String name,int version){
this(context, name,null,version);
}
//创建数据库
public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
Log.i(SWORD,"create a Database");
//创建数据库sql语句
String sql = "create table user(id int,name varchar(20))";
//执行创建数据库操作
db.execSQL(sql);
}
@Override
public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
//创建成功,日志输出提示
Log.i(SWORD,"update a Database");
}
}