Java Note 11 Inheritance | 继承

Inheritance

• A subclass is a class that extends another class
• inherits state and behavior from all its
  ancestor.
• Subclass inherits all, except private superclasses members and constractor (invoke)
• The superclass refers to a direct ancestor.
• java.lang.Object(bydefault)
• Derived class 继承所有不是private的method 和property
• Derived class 可以重兴实现（override） Base class 的方法；可以拓展

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关键字 super

• 访问父类成员
• 调用Base 方法
• 可以引用当前obj的Base
• 当调用父类有参数的constructor时，必须使用super
• 不用super()->invoke no args by default

package practice7;

public class practice {

	public class BaseClass {

		BaseClass() {
			System.out.print("base cons no args");
		}

		BaseClass(int num) {
			System.out.print("base cons with args" + num);
			num = 0;
		}

		void test() {
			System.out.print("base");
		}
	}

	public class DerivedClass extends BaseClass {

		DerivedClass() {
			System.out.print("derived cons no args");
		}

		DerivedClass(int num) {
			super(10);
			System.out.print("derived cons with args" + num);
			num = 1;
		}

		void test() {
			System.out.print("derived");
		}

		void dtest() {
			this.test();
			super.test();
		}
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		BaseClass bclass = new BaseClass();
		BaseClass bclass1 = new BaseClass(5);
		bclass.test(); // base
		DerivedClass dclass = new DerivedClass();
		DerivedClass dclass1 = new DerivedClass(6);
		dclass.test(); // derived; base;
	}
}

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关键字extends

• Syntax

public class BaseClass{
//some code
}

public class DerivedClasee extends BaseClass{
//some code
}

Important :

1. extends 有 s
2. 没有carry parameters
3. 这是一个单继承

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关键字 implements

• Syntax

public interface Shape{
//...
}

public interface Color{
//```
}

public class Object implements Shape, Color{}

• 接口
• 可以继承多个接口

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继承的种类

1. 单继承： Father->Child

public class Father{
//some code
}

public class Child extends Father{
//some code
}

2. 多继承: Father->Father1->Child
   !! NOT LEGSL IN JAVA

public class Father{
some code
}

public class Father1{
//some code
}

public class Child extends Father, Father1{
//...
}

3. 多重继承: Father->Child->GrandChild

public class Father{
//some code
}

public class Child extends Father{
//some code
}

public class GrandChild extends Child{
//some code here
}

5. （多肽）下一章内容

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Java继承的好处

1. 避免代码冗余，提高代码利用率
2. 便于后期修改维护