centos扩展分区

1.查看磁盘空间
[root@localhost ~]# df -h

2.创建磁盘分区
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l

磁盘 /dev/vda：536.9 GB, 536870912000 字节，1048576000 个扇区
Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇区大小(逻辑/物理)：512 字节 / 512 字节
I/O 大小(最小/最佳)：512 字节 / 512 字节
磁盘标签类型：dos
磁盘标识符：0x000b1fdf

设备 Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/vda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/vda2 2099200 209715199 103808000 8e Linux LVM

磁盘 /dev/vdb：536.9 GB, 536870912000 字节，1048576000 个扇区
Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇区大小(逻辑/物理)：512 字节 / 512 字节
I/O 大小(最小/最佳)：512 字节 / 512 字节

磁盘 /dev/mapper/centos-root：53.7 GB, 53687091200 字节，104857600 个扇区
Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇区大小(逻辑/物理)：512 字节 / 512 字节
I/O 大小(最小/最佳)：512 字节 / 512 字节

磁盘 /dev/mapper/centos-swap：8455 MB, 8455716864 字节，16515072 个扇区
Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇区大小(逻辑/物理)：512 字节 / 512 字节
I/O 大小(最小/最佳)：512 字节 / 512 字节

磁盘 /dev/mapper/centos-home：44.1 GB, 44149243904 字节，86228992 个扇区
Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇区大小(逻辑/物理)：512 字节 / 512 字节
I/O 大小(最小/最佳)：512 字节 / 512 字节

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/vdb
欢迎使用 fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2)。

更改将停留在内存中，直到您决定将更改写入磁盘。
使用写入命令前请三思。

Device does not contain a recognized partition table
使用磁盘标识符 0xc4b23dfe 创建新的 DOS 磁盘标签。

命令(输入 m 获取帮助)：p

磁盘 /dev/vdb：536.9 GB, 536870912000 字节，1048576000 个扇区
Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇区大小(逻辑/物理)：512 字节 / 512 字节
I/O 大小(最小/最佳)：512 字节 / 512 字节
磁盘标签类型：dos
磁盘标识符：0xc4b23dfe

设备 Boot Start End Blocks Id System

命令(输入 m 获取帮助)：n
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
分区号 (1-4，默认 1)：1
起始 扇区 (2048-1048575999，默认为 2048)：
将使用默认值 2048
Last 扇区, +扇区 or +size{K,M,G} (2048-1048575999，默认为 1048575999)：
将使用默认值 1048575999
分区 1 已设置为 Linux 类型，大小设为 500 GiB

命令(输入 m 获取帮助)：t
已选择分区 1
Hex 代码(输入 L 列出所有代码)：8e
已将分区“Linux”的类型更改为“Linux LVM”

命令(输入 m 获取帮助)：p

磁盘 /dev/vdb：536.9 GB, 536870912000 字节，1048576000 个扇区
Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇区大小(逻辑/物理)：512 字节 / 512 字节
I/O 大小(最小/最佳)：512 字节 / 512 字节
磁盘标签类型：dos
磁盘标识符：0xc4b23dfe

设备 Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/vdb1 2048 1048575999 524286976 8e Linux LVM

命令(输入 m 获取帮助)：w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
正在同步磁盘。

[root@localhost ~]# partprobe
#将磁盘分区表变化信息通知内核，请求操作系统重新加载分区表，有些小报错不要紧。
Warning: WARNING: the kernel failed to re-read the partition table on /dev/sda (Device or resource busy). As a result, it may not reflect all of your changes until after reboot.
Warning: WARNING: the kernel failed to re-read the partition table on /dev/sdb (Device or resource busy). As a result, it may not reflect all of your changes until after reboot.
Warning: Unable to open /dev/sr0 read-write (Read-only file system). /dev/sr0 has been opened read-only.
Warning: Unable to open /dev/sr0 read-write (Read-only file system). /dev/sr0 has been opened read-only.
Error: Invalid partition table - recursive partition on /dev/sr0.
3.创建物理卷
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00083529

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 64 2611 20458496 8e Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xac7c929b

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 2610 20964793+ 8e Linux LVM

Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root: 18.8 GB, 18798870528 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2285 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_swap: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/vdb1

#由fdisk -l查到LVM卷是/dev/vdb1，所以用/dev/vdb1来创建物理卷。
Physical volume “/dev/vdb1” successfully created.
4.扩展卷组
[root@localhost ~]# pvdisplay
— Physical volume —
PV Name /dev/vda2
VG Name centos
PV Size <99.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
Allocatable yes
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 25343
Free PE 1
Allocated PE 25342
PV UUID ggT22k-6yYC-H2ms-Rf02-xRlE-c210-8jeWZp

“/dev/vdb1” is a new physical volume of “<500.00 GiB”
— NEW Physical volume —
PV Name /dev/vdb1
VG Name
PV Size <500.00 GiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID QTlmy8-d9zX-54mD-QCZv-vAvx-E13J-c4cZRY

#这里扩展的卷组名称是centos
[root@localhost ~]# vgextend centos /dev/vdb1
Volume group “centos” successfully extended
[root@localhost ~]# vgdisplay
— Volume group —
VG Name centos
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 5
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 3
Open LV 3
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 598.99 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 153342
Alloc PE / Size 25342 / 98.99 GiB
Free PE / Size 128000 / 500.00 GiB
VG UUID yRX7hj-GuhK-iAS2-z56R-FEQj-0bbY-K8MJ7L

5.扩展逻辑卷
[root@localhost ~]# lvextend -l +100%free /dev/mapper/centos-root
#free也可以大写FREE
Size of logical volume centos/root changed from 50.00 GiB (12800 extents) to 550.00 GiB (140800 extents).
Logical volume centos/root successfully resized.
[root@localhost ~]# blkid /dev/mapper/centos-root
#查看分区文件系统类型
/dev/mapper/centos-root: UUID=“38690be1-dbef-4019-981a-ca7ae09c3e1c” TYPE=“xfs”
[root@localhost ~]# e2fsck -f /dev/mapper/centos-root
#e2fsck -f检查分区
e2fsck 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
/dev/mapper/centos-root is mounted.
e2fsck: 无法继续, 中止.

[root@localhost ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/centos-root
#如果分区是ext4系统，则用resize2fs命令对文件系统进行扩展
meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-root isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=3276800 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=0 spinodes=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=13107200, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=6400, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 13107200 to 144179200
[root@localhost ~]# df -h