SpringBoot+消息：RabbitMQ

RabbitMQ的服务端安装

我这里是在Linux的Docker容器中进行安装
1.拉取镜像

[root@iz2ze ~]# docker pull  registry.docker-cn.com/library/rabbitmq:3.6-management

2.运行镜像

• 15672：web访问端口
• 5672：客户端访问端口

[root@iz2ze ~]# docker run -d --name myrabbitmq01 -p 5672:5672 -p 15672:15672 镜像ID

3.访问测试
服务器linux主机IP+15672端口。打开页面后需要登录默认的用户名和密码都是guest

在以上成功响应的网页中可以自定义创建Exchange（交换机），Queue（消息队列），将交换机和消息队列进行绑定（Binding）、发送消息，接收消息等操作。

---

SpringBoot与RabbitMQ的结合

1.引入启动场景

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

源码中重要片段
1.相关的自动配置类：RabbitAutoConfiguration

@Configuration
@ConditionalOnClass({ RabbitTemplate.class, Channel.class })
@EnableConfigurationProperties(RabbitProperties.class)
@Import(RabbitAnnotationDrivenConfiguration.class)
public class RabbitAutoConfiguration {

在自动配置类注入重要的Bean有：
1.rabbitTemplate: 给RabbitMQ发送和接收消息

@Bean
@ConditionalOnSingleCandidate(ConnectionFactory.class)
@ConditionalOnMissingBean
public RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {

---

2.amqpAdmin:RabbitMQ系统管理功能组件

@Bean
@ConditionalOnSingleCandidate(ConnectionFactory.class)
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.rabbitmq", name = "dynamic", matchIfMissing = true)
@ConditionalOnMissingBean
public AmqpAdmin amqpAdmin(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {

2.配置信息类：RabbitProperties
RabbitProperties中属性

2.配置相关属性

如果要和在Linux创建的RabbitMQ容器进行通信连接，那么还需要再配置文件application.yml配置相关属性

spring:
  rabbitmq:
    host: 47.95.13.238
    username: guest
    password: guest
    port: 5672

通过源码配置类RabbitProperties中可以看到这些属性都有相应的默认值。host指向本机，用户名和密码都是默认为guest，访问的默认端口为5672。

3.在主程序上开启基于注解的RabbitMQ

/**
* 主程序
* @ SpringBootApplication ：说明这是一个SpringBoot应用
* 
*   开启基于RabbitMq
*   1.RabbitTemplate : 给RabbitMQ发送和接收消息
*   2.AmqpAdmin：RabbitMQ系统管理功能组件
*   用到的注解：@EnableRabbit， @RabbitListener（）
*/

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableRabbit //开启基础注解的RabbitMQ
public class SellApplication {

4.编写测试类

package com.mark.other;

import com.google.common.collect.Maps;
import com.mark.BaseTest;
import com.mark.dataobject.mapper.SellerMapper;
import com.mark.entity.SellerInfo;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * Created by Choisaaaa on 2018/7/5.
 */
public class RabbitMqTest extends BaseTest {

    //在源码中可以了解到容器中已经注入RabbitTemplate，AmqpAdmin组价。
    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
    @Autowired
    private SellerMapper sellerMapper;

    @Autowired
    private AmqpAdmin amqpAdmin;


    //使用AmqpAdmin创建交换机
    @Test
    public void createExchange(){
        Exchange exchange =  new DirectExchange("amqpAdmin.exchange");
        amqpAdmin.declareExchange(exchange);
        System.out.println("创建一个direct 类型的交换机");
    }

    //使用AmqpAdmin创建队列
    @Test
    public void createQueue(){
        Queue queue  = new Queue("amqpAdmin.queue",true);
        amqpAdmin.declareQueue(queue);
        System.out.println("创建队列");
    }

    //使用AmqpAdmin将交换机和消息队列进行绑定
    @Test
    public void createBinding(){
        Binding binding =  new Binding("amqpAdmin.queue", Binding.DestinationType.QUEUE,"amqpAdmin.exchange","amqp.routKey",null);
        amqpAdmin.declareBinding(binding);
    }

    //使用RabbitTemplate发送消息
    @Test
    public void testExchangeDirect(){
        Map<String,Object> meassageMap = Maps.newConcurrentMap();
        meassageMap.put("msg", "这是我的第一个消息");
        meassageMap.put("data", Arrays.asList("11","22","33"));
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("exchange.direct","mark",meassageMap);
    }


    //使用RabbitTemplate接收消息
    @Test
    public void testReceived(){
        //参数为消息队列的队列
        Object object = rabbitTemplate.receiveAndConvert("mark");
        System.out.println(object.getClass());
        System.out.println(object);
    }

    @Test
    public void testSend(){
        //exchange.fanout 为自己定义的交换机的名字
        SellerInfo sellerInfo = sellerMapper.getSellerById("1530597001113441157");
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("exchange.fanout","",sellerInfo);
    }

}

使用注解 @RabbitListener 接收消息的demo

package com.mark.service.impl;

import com.mark.entity.SellerInfo;
import com.mark.service.IRabbitMqService;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

/**
 * Created by Choisaaaa on 2018/7/5.
 */
@Service
public class RabbitMqServiceImpl implements IRabbitMqService {


    @Override
    @RabbitListener(queues = "mark.news")
    public void receiver(SellerInfo sellerInfo) {
        System.out.println(sellerInfo);
    }

    @Override
    @RabbitListener(queues = "mark")
    public void receiver2(Message message) {
        System.out.println(message.getBody());
        System.out.println(message.getMessageProperties());
    }

}

package com.mark.message;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Exchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.QueueBinding;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * Created by Choisaaaa on 2018/7/12.
 * 消息接收
 */
@Slf4j
@Component
public class MqReceiver {

    @RabbitListener(queues = "mark")
    public void process(String message){
        log.info("MqReceiver:{}",message);
    }

    //自动创建队列
    @RabbitListener(queuesToDeclare = @Queue("myQueue"))
    public void process2(String message){
        log.info("MqReceiver:{}",message);
    }

    //交换机好队列自动绑定
    @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
            value = @Queue("myQueue"),
            key = "myRoutingKey",
            exchange =@Exchange("myExchange")

    ))
    public void process3(String message){
        log.info("MqReceiver:{}",message);
    }


}

补充：可以自定义消息装换器，例如将消息内容为对象转化为JSON格式

package com.mark.config;

import org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.Jackson2JsonMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.MessageConverter;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * Created by Choisaaaa on 2018/7/5.
 * 自定义消息转换器
 */
@Configuration
public class MyAMQPConfig {

    @Bean
    public MessageConverter messageConverter(){
        return new Jackson2JsonMessageConverter();
    }

}