第一、strong关键字与retain关似,用了它,引用计数自动+1
如果person定义如下:
@interface Person : NSObject
@property(nonatomic,strong)Book *book1;
@end
(void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
@autoreleasepool {
p1=[[Person alloc] init];
Book *book=[[Book alloc] init];
p1.book1=book;
NSLog(@"%@",p1.book1);
book=nil;
}
}
-(void)viewDidAppear:(BOOL)animated
{
[super viewDidAppear:animated];
NSLog(@"%@",p1.book1);
}
输出结果:
2014-10-14 17:12:36.242 testDDD[9962:129809] <Book: 0x7f97b8e14210>
2014-10-14 17:12:36.243 testDDD[9962:129809] <Book: 0x7f97b8e14210>
即使在autorealease中执行了release,但因为retaincount加1,所以book所指的内存并没有被释放
第二、weak
声明为weak的指针,指针指向的地址一旦被释放,这些指针都将被赋值为nil。这样的好处能有效的防止野指针
如果person定义如下:
@interface Person : NSObject
@property(nonatomic,weak)Book *book1;
@end
(void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
@autoreleasepool {
p1=[[Person alloc] init];
Book *book=[[Book alloc] init];
p1.book1=book;
NSLog(@"%@",p1.book1);
book=nil;
}
}
-(void)viewDidAppear:(BOOL)animated
{
[super viewDidAppear:animated];
NSLog(@"%@",p1.book1);
}
输出结果:
2014-10-14 17:21:01.574 testDDD[10081:133743] <Book: 0x7fd0e8e5dc70>
2014-10-14 17:21:01.574 testDDD[10081:133743] (null)
第三、
unretained且unsafe,由于是unretained所以与weak有点类似,但是它是unsafe的.
@interface Person : NSObject
@property(nonatomic,unsafe_unretained)Book *book1;
@end
(void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
@autoreleasepool {
p1=[[Person alloc] init];
Book *book=[[Book alloc] init];
p1.book1=book;
NSLog(@"%@",p1.book1);
book=nil;
}
}
-(void)viewDidAppear:(BOOL)animated
{
[super viewDidAppear:animated];
NSLog(@"%@",p1.book1);
}
结果为:
crash
结果分析:p1执行内存被释放
unsafe_unretained声明的指针,由于book=nil已将内存释放掉了,但是string2并不知道已被释放了,所以是野指针。然后访问野指针的内存就造成crash. 所以尽量少用unsafe_unretained关键字