1.背景
最近在解析json的数据，发现直接用HQL逻辑很繁琐，于是借助java，再添加为UDF。
2.什么是json(参考：http://www.json.org/)
json一共有两种数据结构
(1)以(key/value)对形式存在的无序的jsonObject对象，其以"{"(左括号)开始，以"}"(右括号)结束。
格式如下：
{ "名称1":"值1", "名称2":"值2", "名称3":"值3" }
名称和值之间用":"(冒号)对应，不同名称/值之间使用","(逗号)分隔。下面举一个简单的例子。{ "name":"xiaoming", "age":10, "sex":"male" }
这就是一个最简单的json对象，对于这种数据格式，key必须是string，value可以是string,number,object,array,true,false,null等等数据类型。(2)有序的value集合，这种形式被称为jsonArray，数组是值(value)的有序集合。一个数组以“[”（左中括号）开始，“]”（右中括号）结束。值之间使用“,”（逗号）分隔。
{ "employee":[ {"name":"John","age":20,"sex":"男"}, {"name":"Anna","age":25,"sex":"男"}, {"name":"Peter","age":22,"sex":"男"} ] }
在上面的例子中，对象employee是包含三个对象的数组。每个对象包含某个员工的信息(姓名，年龄，性别)。3.举例
在这里我们可以学到的是：
(1)区别JSONObject与JSONArray
(2)能够解析json数据
下面是一个json文件：
{ "resultcode": "200", "reason": "successed!", "result": { "sk": { "temp": "24", "wind_direction": "西南风", "wind_strength": "2级", "humidity": "51%", "time": "10:11" }, "today": { "temperature": "16℃~27℃", "weather": "阴转多云", "weather_id": { "fa": "02", "fb": "01" }, "wind": "西南风3-4 级", "week": "星期四", "city": "滨州", "date_y": "2015年06月04日", "dressing_index": "舒适", "dressing_advice": "建议着长袖T恤、衬衫加单裤等服装。年老体弱者宜着针织长袖衬衫、马甲和长裤。", "uv_index": "最弱", "comfort_index": "", "wash_index": "较适宜", "travel_index": "", "exercise_index": "较适宜", "drying_index": "" }, "future": [ { "temperature": "16℃~27℃", "weather": "阴转多云", "weather_id": { "fa": "02", "fb": "01" }, "wind": "西南风3-4 级", "week": "星期四", "date": "20150604" }, { "temperature": "20℃~32℃", "weather": "多云转晴", "weather_id": { "fa": "01", "fb": "00" }, "wind": "西风3-4 级", "week": "星期五", "date": "20150605" }, { "temperature": "23℃~35℃", "weather": "多云转阴", "weather_id": { "fa": "01", "fb": "02" }, "wind": "西南风3-4 级", "week": "星期六", "date": "20150606" }, { "temperature": "20℃~33℃", "weather": "多云", "weather_id": { "fa": "01", "fb": "01" }, "wind": "北风微风", "week": "星期日", "date": "20150607" }, { "temperature": "22℃~34℃", "weather": "多云", "weather_id": { "fa": "01", "fb": "01" }, "wind": "西南风3-4 级", "week": "星期一", "date": "20150608" }, { "temperature": "22℃~33℃", "weather": "阴", "weather_id": { "fa": "02", "fb": "02" }, "wind": "西南风3-4 级", "week": "星期二", "date": "20150609" }, { "temperature": "22℃~33℃", "weather": "多云", "weather_id": { "fa": "01", "fb": "01" }, "wind": "南风3-4 级", "week": "星期三", "date": "20150610" } ] }, "error_code": 0 }
我们进行解析：package com.exercise; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.FileReader; import com.google.gson.JsonArray; import com.google.gson.JsonIOException; import com.google.gson.JsonObject; import com.google.gson.JsonParser; import com.google.gson.JsonSyntaxException; public class Analyse_json { public static void main(String args[]) { String Path = "E:/WorkSpaces/test.json"; JsonParser parser = new JsonParser();// 创建json解析器 try { // 创建JsonObject对象 JsonObject object = (JsonObject) parser.parse(new FileReader(Path)); // 将json数据转为int型的数据 System.out.println("resultcode:" + object.get("resultcode").getAsInt()); // 将json数据转为String型的数据 System.out.println("reason:" + object.get("reason").getAsString()); JsonObject result = object.get("result").getAsJsonObject(); JsonObject today = result.get("today").getAsJsonObject(); System.out.println("\n今天的天气情况"); System.out.println("temperature:" + today.get("temperature").getAsString()); System.out.println("weather:" + today.get("weather").getAsString()); // 得到为json的数组 JsonArray array = result.get("future").getAsJsonArray(); System.out.println("\n未来几天的天气情况"); for (int i = 0; i < array.size(); i++) { System.out.println("-----------------------"); JsonObject subObject = array.get(i).getAsJsonObject(); System.out.println("temperature:" + subObject.get("temperature").getAsString()); System.out.println("weather:" + subObject.get("weather").getAsString()); System.out.println("wind:" + subObject.get("wind").getAsString()); System.out.println("date:" + subObject.get("date").getAsString()); } } catch (JsonIOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (JsonSyntaxException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
输出结果：resultcode:200 reason:successed! 今天的天气情况 temperature:16℃~27℃ weather:阴转多云 未来几天的天气情况 ----------------------- temperature:16℃~27℃ weather:阴转多云 wind:西南风3-4 级 date:20150604 ----------------------- temperature:20℃~32℃ weather:多云转晴 wind:西风3-4 级 date:20150605 ----------------------- temperature:23℃~35℃ weather:多云转阴 wind:西南风3-4 级 date:20150606 ----------------------- temperature:20℃~33℃ weather:多云 wind:北风微风 date:20150607 ----------------------- temperature:22℃~34℃ weather:多云 wind:西南风3-4 级 date:20150608 ----------------------- temperature:22℃~33℃ weather:阴 wind:西南风3-4 级 date:20150609 ----------------------- temperature:22℃~33℃ weather:多云 wind:南风3-4 级 date:20150610 我们对上面进行解释： 1.首先创建JsonObject对象object，相对其来讲resultcode,reason,result,error_code是并列的。这是很明显的 JsonObject 2.对于result对象来说，sk,today,future是并列的。这是很明显的JsonObject 3.剖析future来讲，这是一个JSONArray,如果想要解析里面的信息，需要先get json数组。通过 JsonArray array = result.get("future").getAsJsonArray();实现 分析： 我们通过Gson进行解析，所以在使用前导入Gson.jar (pom如下： <dependency> <groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId> <artifactId>gson</artifactId> <version>2.7</version> </dependency> ) 解析json数据时， 1.需要进行创建Gson解析器 2.创建JsonObject对象 3.将json数据转为相应的数据 4.参考 博客 http://www.cnblogs.com/boy1025/p/4551593.html http://www.cnblogs.com/xiaoluo501395377/p/3446605.html
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