HDU 5528【2015长春现场赛 B】 Count a * b

http://acm.hdu.edu.cn/showproblem.php?pid=5528

题意

读入m，求

$$\sum_{n|m}\sum_{\substack{1 \leq i \leq n \\ 1 \leq j \leq n }} [n \nmid i \times j]$$

题解

$$\sum_{n|m}\sum_{\substack{1 \leq i \leq n \\ 1 \leq j \leq n }} [n \nmid i \times j] \\ = \sum_{n|m}\sum_{1 \leq i \leq n} (n - gcd(n, i)) \\ =\sum_{n|m}(n^2 - \sum_{1 \leq i \leq n} gcd(n, i)) \\ = \sum_{n|m} (n^2 - \sum_{d|n} (\phi(\frac{n}{d}) \times d)) \\ = \sum_{n|m} n^2 - \sum_{n|m} \sum_{d|n} (\phi(\frac{n}{d}) \times d))$$
下面化简 $$\sum_{n|m} \sum_{d|n} (\phi(\frac{n}{d}) \times d)) \\ = \sum_{d|n} \sum_{n|m} (\phi(\frac{n}{d}) \times d)) \\ \text{令$n = ed，则ed|m \Rightarrow e|\frac{m}{d}$} \\ = \sum_{d|m} \sum_{e|\frac{m}{d}} (\phi(e) \times d)) \\ = \sum_{d|m} d \sum_{e|\frac{m}{d}} e$$
由 $\sum_{d|n} \phi(d) = n$，故
$$= \sum_{d|m} d \times \frac{m}{d} = \sum_{d|m} m = \sum_{n|m} m$$
故原式
$$= \sum_{n|m} n^2 - \sum_{n|m} m = \sum_{n|m} (n^2 - m)$$

注意：此题求约数不能用$\sqrt{n}$的写法

code

#include <algorithm>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>

typedef unsigned long long LL;

const int maxp = 50010;
const int maxn = 100010;

int n;

int prime[maxp], prime_N;
bool isprime[maxn];
void gen(int n) {
    prime_N = 0;
    memset(isprime, 1, sizeof isprime);

    isprime[0] = isprime[1] = 0;
    for (int i = 2; i < n; ++ i) {
        if (isprime[i]) prime[prime_N ++] = i;

        for (int j = 0, k; j < prime_N && (k = i*prime[j]) < n; ++ j) {
            isprime[k] = 0;
            if (!(i%prime[j]))
                break;
        }
    }
}
int pri[maxp], pri_num[maxp], pri_N;
void get_pri(int n) {
    pri_N = 0;
    for (int i = 0, p; (p = prime[i])*p <= n; ++ i) if (n%p == 0) {
        pri[pri_N] = p; pri_num[pri_N] = 0;
        while (n%p == 0) { n /= p; ++ pri_num[pri_N]; }
        ++ pri_N;
    }
    if (n > 1) { pri[pri_N] = n; pri_num[pri_N] = 1; ++ pri_N; }
}
LL res;
void dfs_divisor(int d, int div) {
    if (d == pri_N) {
        res = res + ((LL)div*div - n);
        return;
    }
    for (int i = 0; i <= pri_num[d]; ++ i) {
        dfs_divisor(d+1, div);
        div = div * pri[d];
    }
}

void solve() {
    scanf("%d", &n);
    get_pri(n);

    res = 0;
    dfs_divisor(0, 1);
    printf("%I64u\n", res);
}

int main() {
//  freopen("1002.in", "r", stdin);

    gen(100000);
    int kase; scanf("%d", &kase);
    while (kase --) solve();

//  for(;;);
    return 0;
}