地形高度采样的几种方式

在做gis产品的过程中，或多或少的都会用到地形的高度数据

前端地形采样

cesium在线地形高度采样，

基础版与高精度版

getMostDetailedTerrainHeight为高精度版本，耗费时间要长些

function getMostDetailedTerrainHeight(lng, lat) {
    return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
        let terrainHeight = 0;
        let terrainProvider = Cesium.createWorldTerrain();
        let positions = [
            Cesium.Cartographic.fromDegrees(lng, lat)
        ];
        let promise2 = Cesium.sampleTerrainMostDetailed(terrainProvider, positions);
        Cesium.when(promise2, function (updatedPositions) {
            terrainHeight = updatedPositions[0].height;
            resolve(terrainHeight);
        });
    });
}

getSimpleTerrainHeight为基础版，时长要短些，Cesium.sampleTerrain(terrainProvider, 11, positions)中的11为请求精度。

function getSimpleTerrainHeight(lng, lat) {
    return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
        let terrainHeight = 0;
        let terrainProvider = Cesium.createWorldTerrain();
        let positions = [
            Cesium.Cartographic.fromDegrees(lng, lat)
        ];
        let promise1 = Cesium.sampleTerrain(terrainProvider, 11, positions);
        Cesium.when(promise1, function (updatedPositions) {
            terrainHeight = updatedPositions[0].height;
            resolve(terrainHeight);
        });
    });
}

后端地形采样

1、采用调用Google Evalation API 获取地形高度

public static String getGoogleElevation(List<LatLngModel> requetList) {

    String requestUrl = "https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/elevation/json?locations=39.7391536,-104.9847034|36.455556,-116.866667&key=YOUR_API_KEY";

    String requestUlrNew = "https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/elevation/json?locations=39.7391536,-104.9847034|36.455556,-116.866667&key=YOUR_API_KEY";

    String s = HttpRequestUtil.requestUrl(requestUlrNew);

    return s;
}

public static String requestUrl(String url) {
    StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
    try {
        URL reqUrl = new URL(url);
        HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) reqUrl.openConnection();
        connection.connect();
        int responseCode = connection.getResponseCode();
        String responseMessage = connection.getResponseMessage();
        if (responseCode == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
            InputStream inputStream = connection.getInputStream();
            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
            String temp;
            while ((temp = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                result.append(temp);
            }
        }
    } catch (Exception e) {
        throw new BusinessValidationException(e.getMessage());
    }
    return result.toString();
}

2、发布DEM的Geoserver服务，通过调用Geoserver的服务计算地形高度（java版）

/**
 * 获取地形高度
 *
 * @param points_data (86.001,41.001;86.002,41.002;86.003,41.003) (lon,lat;lon,lat;lon,lat)
 * @return
 * @throws IOException
 */
public static List<LatLngModel> getSimpleTerrainHeight(String points_data) throws IOException {
    List<Double> lonArray = new ArrayList<Double>();
    List<Double> latArray = new ArrayList<Double>();

    String[] points = points_data.split(";");
    for (int i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
        String strLonlat = points[i];
        String[] strLonlats = strLonlat.split(",");
        double lon = Double.parseDouble(strLonlats[0]);
        double lat = Double.parseDouble(strLonlats[1]);
        lonArray.add(lon);
        latArray.add(lat);
    }

    Double rangValue = 0.0001;

    Double maxLng = Collections.max(lonArray) + rangValue;
    Double minLng = Collections.min(lonArray) - rangValue;

    Double maxLat = Collections.max(latArray) + rangValue;
    Double minLat = Collections.min(latArray) - rangValue;

    String demRequestXML = getDemRequestXML(minLng, minLat, maxLng, maxLat);

    String geoServer = (ObjectUtils.isEmpty(appSetting) ? "http://192.168.1.103:8088/geoserver" : appSetting.geoserver) + "/wcs";

    InputStream inputStream = HttpRequestUtil.demPost(geoServer, demRequestXML);

    GeoTiffReader tifReader = new GeoTiffReader(inputStream);
    GridCoverage2D coverage = tifReader.read(null);

    CoordinateReferenceSystem crs = coverage.getCoordinateReferenceSystem2D();


    List<LatLngModel> list = new ArrayList();

    for (int i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
        String strLonlat = points[i];
        String[] strLonlats = strLonlat.split(",");

        double lon = Double.parseDouble(strLonlats[0]);
        double lat = Double.parseDouble(strLonlats[1]);

        try {
            DirectPosition position = new DirectPosition2D(crs, lon, lat);
            int[] results = (int[]) coverage.evaluate(position);
            results = coverage.evaluate(position, results);
            LatLngModel model = new LatLngModel();
            model.lng = lon;
            model.lat = lat;
            model.dem = results[0];
            list.add(model);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
            continue;
        }
    }
    return list;
}

/**
 * 请求geoserver返回dem的tif数据
 * author yaohui
 *
 * @param url
 * @param xmlStr
 * @return
 */
public static InputStream demPost(String url, String xmlStr) {
    InputStream content = null;
    try {
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
        httpPost.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/xml");
        StringEntity stringEntity2 = new StringEntity(xmlStr.toString(), HTTP.UTF_8);
        stringEntity2.setContentType("application/xml");
        httpPost.setEntity(stringEntity2);
        RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(150000).setConnectTimeout(150000).setConnectionRequestTimeout(150000).build();
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient2 = HttpClients.custom().setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig).build();
        CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient2.execute(httpPost);
        content = response.getEntity().getContent();
    } catch (Exception e) {
        System.out.println("发送 POST 请求出现异常！" + e);
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return content;
}

public static String getDemRequestXML(double minLng, double minLat, double maxLng, double maxLat) {
    String retXmlStr = "";
    retXmlStr = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?><GetCoverage version=\"1.0.0\" service=\"WCS\" xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\" xmlns=\"http://www.opengis.net/wcs\" xmlns:ows=\"http://www.opengis.net/ows/1.1\" xmlns:gml=\"http://www.opengis.net/gml\" xmlns:ogc=\"http://www.opengis.net/ogc\" xsi:schemaLocation=\"http://www.opengis.net/wcs http://schemas.opengis.net/wcs/1.0.0/getCoverage.xsd\">\n" +
            "  <sourceCoverage>STRM:ChinaSTRM</sourceCoverage>\n" +
            "  <domainSubset>\n" +
            "    <spatialSubset>\n" +
            "      <gml:Envelope srsName=\"EPSG:4326\">\n" +
            "        <gml:pos>" + minLng + " " + minLat + "</gml:pos>\n" +
            "        <gml:pos>" + maxLng + " " + maxLat + "</gml:pos>\n" +
            "      </gml:Envelope>\n" +
            "      <gml:Grid dimension=\"2\">\n" +
            "        <gml:limits>\n" +
            "          <gml:GridEnvelope>\n" +
            "            <gml:low>0 0</gml:low>\n" +
            "            <gml:high>119 120</gml:high>\n" +
            "          </gml:GridEnvelope>\n" +
            "        </gml:limits>\n" +
            "        <gml:axisName>x</gml:axisName>\n" +
            "        <gml:axisName>y</gml:axisName>\n" +
            "      </gml:Grid>\n" +
            "    </spatialSubset>\n" +
            "  </domainSubset>\n" +
            "  <output>\n" +
            "    <crs>EPSG:4326</crs>\n" +
            "    <format>GeoTIFF</format>\n" +
            "  </output>\n" +
            "</GetCoverage>";
    return retXmlStr;
}