C语言DES加密解密代码

原理分析：C语言实现DEA加密解密详解

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

//密钥
//64位变56位密钥置换表
int pc_1[56]={
    57,49,41,33,25,17,9,
    1,58,50,42,34,26,18,
    10,2,59,51,43,35,27,
    19,11,3,60,52,44,36,
    63,55,47,39,31,23,15,
    7,62,54,46,38,30,22,
    14,6,61,53,45,37,29,
    21,13,5,28,20,12,4
    };
//循环左移表
int left_list[16]={1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,1};
//56位变48位密钥置换表
int pc_2[48]={
    14,17,11,24,1,5,
    3,28,15,6,21,10,
    23,19,12,4,26,8,
    16,7,27,20,13,2,
    41,52,31,37,47,55,
    30,40,51,45,33,48,
    44,49,39,56,34,53,
    46,42,50,36,29,32
    };

//明文
//IP置换表
int IP[64]={
    58,50,42,34,26,18,10,2,
    60,52,44,36,28,20,12,4,
    62,54,46,38,30,22,14,6,
    64,56,48,40,32,24,16,8,
    57,49,41,33,25,17,9,1,
    59,51,43,35,27,19,11,3,
    61,53,45,37,29,21,13,5,
    63,55,47,39,31,23,15,7
    };
//r数组拓展置换表
int E[48]={
    32,1,2,3,4,5,
    4,5,6,7,8,9,
    8,9,10,11,12,13,
    12,13,14,15,16,17,
    16,17,18,19,20,21,
    20,21,22,23,24,25,
    24,25,26,27,28,29,
    28,29,30,31,32,1
    };
//l数组s盒置换表
int s_box[8][4][16]={
    14,4,13,1,2,15,11,8,3,10,6,12,5,9,0,7,
    0,15,7,4,14,2,13,1,10,6,12,11,9,5,3,8,
    4,1,14,8,13,6,2,11,15,12,9,7,3,10,5,0,
    15,12,8,2,4,9,1,7,5,11,3,14,10,0,6,13,

    15,1,8,14,6,11,3,4,9,7,2,13,12,0,5,10,
    3,13,4,7,15,2,8,14,12,0,1,10,6,9,11,5,
    0,14,7,11,10,4,13,1,5,8,12,6,9,3,2,15,
    13,8,10,1,3,15,4,2,11,6,7,12,0,5,14,9,

    10,0,9,14,6,3,15,5,1,13,12,7,11,4,2,8,
    13,7,0,9,3,4,6,10,2,8,5,14,12,11,15,1,
    13,6,4,9,8,15,3,0,11,1,2,12,5,10,14,7,
    1,10,13,0,6,9,8,7,4,15,14,3,11,5,2,12,

    7,13,14,3,0,6,9,10,1,2,8,5,11,12,4,15,
    13,8,11,5,6,15,0,3,4,7,2,12,1,10,14,9,
    10,6,9,0,12,11,7,13,15,1,3,14,5,2,8,4,
    3,15,0,6,10,1,13,8,9,4,5,11,12,7,2,14,

    2,12,4,1,7,10,11,6,8,5,3,15,13,0,14,9,
    14,11,2,12,4,7,13,1,5,0,15,10,3,9,8,6,
    4,2,1,11,10,13,7,8,15,9,12,5,6,3,0,14,
    11,8,12,7,1,14,2,13,6,15,0,9,10,4,5,3,

    12,1,10,15,9,2,6,8,0,13,3,4,14,7,5,11,
    10,15,4,2,7,12,9,5,6,1,13,14,0,11,3,8,
    9,14,15,5,2,8,12,3,7,0,4,10,1,13,11,6,
    4,3,2,12,9,5,15,10,11,14,1,7,6,0,8,13,

    4,11,2,14,15,0,8,13,3,12,9,7,5,10,6,1,
    13,0,11,7,4,9,1,10,14,3,5,12,2,15,8,6,
    1,4,11,13,12,3,7,14,10,15,6,8,0,5,9,2,
    6,11,13,8,1,4,10,7,9,5,0,15,14,2,3,12,

    13,2,8,4,6,15,11,1,10,9,3,14,5,0,12,7,
    1,15,13,8,10,3,7,4,12,5,6,11,0,14,9,2,
    7,11,4,1,9,12,14,2,0,6,10,13,15,3,5,8,
    2,1,14,7,4,10,8,13,15,12,9,0,3,5,6,11
};
//P盒置换
int p[32]={16,7,20,21,29,12,28,17,1,15,23,26,5,18,31,10,2,8,24,14,32,27,3,9,19,13,30,6,22,11,4,25};
//IP逆置换表
int IP_[64]={
    40,8,48,16,56,24,64,32,
    39,7,47,15,55,23,63,31,
    38,6,46,14,54,22,62,30,
    37,5,45,13,53,21,61,29,
    36,4,44,12,52,20,60,28,
    35,3,43,11,51,19,59,27,
    34,2,42,10,50,18,58,26,
    33,1,41,9,49,17,57,25
    };

//循环左移,arr为初始数组，start为数组的初始位置,end为数组的末尾位置
void Reverse(char *arr,int start,int end){
    for(;start<end;start++,end--){
        int s=arr[end];
        arr[end]=arr[start];
        arr[start]=s;
    }
}
//arr初始数组,n数组长度,k左移位数  1234567
void LeftShift(char *arr,int n,int k){
    k=k%n;
    Reverse(arr,0,k-1);//将前面k位逆置1234->4321
    Reverse(arr,k,n-1);//将后面几位逆置 567->765
    Reverse(arr,0,n-1);//整个数组逆置4321765->5671234
}
//置换表，a为初始数组,change置换表,result结果数组,len想要置换的长度
void change_table(char *a,int *change,char *result,int len){
    int i;
    for(i=0;i<len;i++){
        result[i]=a[change[i]-1];
    }
}
//合并数组
void merge(char *dest, char *src1, char *src2)
{
    while(*src1) *dest++ = *src1++;
    while(*src2) *dest++ = *src2++;
}
//子密钥生成函数，key为初始64位密钥,key_48为子密钥生成后的48位密钥
void get_16_key(char *key_64,char key_48[][49]){
    char key_56[57]="\0";//第一次置换后保存的56位密钥
    char c[17][28];
    char d[17][28];//需要用到c0-c16，每个28位

    memset(c,0,sizeof(c));
    memset(d,0,sizeof(d));
    change_table(key_64,pc_1,key_56,56);//第一次置换，64位密钥

    //c0d0初始化
    for(int i=0;i<56;i++){
        if(i<28){
            c[0][i]=key_56[i];//前面28位密钥赋值给c0
            //printf("%c",c[0][i]);
        }
        else{
            d[0][i-28]=key_56[i];//前面28位密钥赋值给c0
           // printf("%c",d[0][i-28]);
        }
    }
    //生成后面的16个子密钥
    printf("16个子密钥为: \n");
    for(int i=1,j=0;i<17;i++,j++){
        for(int s=0;s<28;s++){
            c[i][s]=c[i-1][s];
            d[i][s]=d[i-1][s];
        }
        LeftShift(d[i],sizeof(d[i]),left_list[j]);
        LeftShift(c[i],sizeof(c[i]),left_list[j]);
        //每次左移完成后，将c和d拼接起来并进行第二次置换为48位子密钥
        memset(key_56,0,strlen(key_56));
        for(int k=0;k<56;k++){
            if(k<28)
                key_56[k]=c[i][k];
            else
                key_56[k]=d[i][k-28];
        }
        change_table(key_56,pc_2,key_48[i-1],48);//得到最终的子密钥

        printf("k%d=",i);
        puts(key_48[i-1]);
    }
}
//加密算法
void des(char *mingwen_64,char *key_64,char *result,int type){
    int i,j,k;
    char key_48[16][49];//16个子密钥48位
    char mingwen_IP[65]="\0";//IP 置换后的64位明文
    char r_48[49]="\0";//拓展置换后
    char l[17][33];
    char r[17][33];//需要用到l0-l16,每个32位
    char bit6[8][6];//s盒置换中用到的8个6位的块
    char r_32[33]="\0";//p盒置换后的32位

    memset(key_48,0,sizeof(key_48));
    memset(l,0,sizeof(l));
    memset(r,0,sizeof(r));
    memset(bit6,0,sizeof(bit6));

    get_16_key(key_64,key_48);//获取16个子密钥保存在key_48中
    change_table(mingwen_64,IP,mingwen_IP,64);//对明文进行IP置换

    //初始化l0r0
    for(i=0;i<64;i++){
        if(i<32){
            l[0][i]=mingwen_IP[i];
        }else{
            r[0][i-32]=mingwen_IP[i];
        }
    }

    //16次递推运算
    for(i=1;i<17;i++){      //Rn=L(n-1)异或P( S ( ( E ( R(n-1) ) 异或 Kn ) ) )
        //获取ln
        for(j=0;j<32;j++){
            l[i][j]=r[i-1][j];
        }
        //获取rn
        //拓展置换，将r从32位拓展到48位
        change_table(r[i-1],E,r_48,48);

        //与k子密钥进行异或
        int ch;
        if(type==1){    //加密
            for(j=0;j<48;j++){
                ch=r_48[j]^key_48[i-1][j];
                r_48[j]=ch+'0';
            }
        }
        else{
            for(j=0;j<48;j++){
                ch=r_48[j]^key_48[16-i][j];
                r_48[j]=ch+'0';
            }
        }

        //s盒转换为32位
        int a=0;
        int b=0;//控制s盒置换后的位置
        for(j=0;j<8;j++){    //48位数据分为8个6位的块,0-7
            for(k=0;k<6;k++){
                bit6[j][k]=r_48[a];
                a++;
            }
            int x,y,re;//x行数 y列数 re结果
            x=(bit6[j][0]-'0')*2+(bit6[j][5]-'0');//取出这一块当中第一位和第六位形成十进制数x作为行数
            y=(bit6[j][1]-'0')*8+(bit6[j][2]-'0')*4+(bit6[j][3]-'0')*2+(bit6[j][4]-'0');//取出中间的4位形成十进制数作为列数
            //每一块都有一个对应的s盒
            re=s_box[j][x][y];//去这一块对应的s盒中的x行y列找到结果
            //结果转成二进制
            char str[4]={'0','0','0','0'};
            int q=0;//余数
            int c=3;
            while(re!=0){
                q=re%2;
                str[c]=q+48;
                c--;
                re=re/2;
            }
            for(int d=0;d<4;d++){
                r[i][b]=str[d];
                b++;
            }
        }
        //p盒置换后与l数组进行异或
        change_table(r[i],p,r_32,32);
        for(j=0;j<32;j++){
            r[i][j]=(l[i-1][j]^r_32[j])+'0';
        }
        printf("N=%d\n",i);
        printf("L%d=",i);
        puts(l[i]);
        printf("R%d=",i);
        puts(r[i]);
    }
    //由r16l16和一次IP逆置换获得最终的密文
    for(i=0;i<64;i++){
        if(i<32){
            mingwen_64[i]=r[16][i];
        }
        else{
            mingwen_64[i]=l[16][i-32];
        }
    }
    change_table(mingwen_64,IP_,result,64);//IP逆置换最后的密文
}
int main(){
    char mingwen_64[65];//明文0011000000110001001100100011001100110100001101010011011000110111
    char result1[65]="\0";//由明文加密得到的密文
    char ming_key_64[65];//64位加密密钥0011000100110010001100110011010000110101001101100011011100111000

    char miwen_64[65];//密文
    char mi_key_64[65];//64位解密密钥
    char result2[65]="\0";//由密文解密得到的明文

    printf("请输入要加密的明文：");
    gets(mingwen_64);
    printf("请输入加密密钥：");
    gets(ming_key_64);
    //加密
    printf("加密过程：\n");
    des(mingwen_64,ming_key_64,result1,1);//1代表加密
    printf("加密后的密文为：\n");
    puts(result1);

    printf("请输入要解密的密文：");
    gets(miwen_64);
    printf("请输入解密密钥：");
    gets(mi_key_64);
    //解密
    printf("解密过程：\n");
    des(miwen_64,mi_key_64,result2,2);//2代表解密
    printf("解密后的明文为：\n");
    puts(result2);
    return 0;
}