WSL快速配置编译环境+ZSH

1. 在Microsoft Store中安装Ubuntu（为方便升级系统故不安装带版本号的Ubuntu）。控制面板\程序\程序和功能->启用或关闭Windows功能，勾选“适用于Linux的Windows子系统”。以管理员身份运行PowerShell执行

   Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux

   重启计算机。

2. 对于WSL1，其根目录位于C:\Users\<username>\AppData\Local\Packages\CanonicalGroupLimited.UbuntuonWindows_79rhkp1fndgsc\LocalState\rootfs。根据清华大学开源软件镜像站的Ubuntu 镜像使用帮助修改/etc/apt/sources.list，注意选择你的ubuntu版本为相应版本（如20.04 LTS）。
3. 执行

   sudo apt-get update
   sudo apt-get upgrade

   更新。

4. 执行

   sudo apt-get install cmake gcc clang gdb build-essential

   安装C++编译环境。

5. 执行

   wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/JetBrains/clion-wsl/master/ubuntu_setup_env.sh && bash ubuntu_setup_env.sh

   配置CLion。

   ssh username@localhost -p2222

   设置SSH连接。参考https://www.jetbrains.com/help/clion/how-to-use-wsl-development-environment-in-clion.html#wsl-general。

6. WSL已预装vim、git、wget、curl、python3、perl等。执行

   sudo apt install nodejs npm

   安装node.js：
   The following NEW packages will be installed:
     binutils binutils-common binutils-x86-64-linux-gnu build-essential cpp cpp-9 dpkg-dev fakeroot g++ g++-9 gcc gcc-9
     gcc-9-base gyp javascript-common libalgorithm-diff-perl libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl libalgorithm-merge-perl libasan5
     libatomic1 libauthen-sasl-perl libbinutils libc-ares2 libc-dev-bin libc6-dev libcc1-0 libcrypt-dev libctf-nobfd0
     libctf0 libdata-dump-perl libdpkg-perl libencode-locale-perl libfakeroot libfile-basedir-perl
     libfile-desktopentry-perl libfile-fcntllock-perl libfile-listing-perl libfile-mimeinfo-perl libfont-afm-perl
     libgcc-9-dev libgomp1 libhtml-form-perl libhtml-format-perl libhtml-parser-perl libhtml-tagset-perl
     libhtml-tree-perl libhttp-cookies-perl libhttp-daemon-perl libhttp-date-perl libhttp-message-perl
     libhttp-negotiate-perl libio-html-perl libio-socket-ssl-perl libio-stringy-perl libipc-system-simple-perl libisl22
     libitm1 libjs-inherits libjs-is-typedarray libjs-psl libjs-typedarray-to-buffer liblsan0 liblwp-mediatypes-perl
     liblwp-protocol-https-perl libmailtools-perl libmpc3 libnet-dbus-perl libnet-http-perl libnet-smtp-ssl-perl
     libnet-ssleay-perl libnode-dev libnode64 libpython2-stdlib libpython2.7-minimal libpython2.7-stdlib libquadmath0
     libssl-dev libstdc++-9-dev libtie-ixhash-perl libtimedate-perl libtry-tiny-perl libtsan0 libubsan1 liburi-perl
     libuv1-dev libwww-perl libwww-robotrules-perl libx11-protocol-perl libxcursor1 libxml-parser-perl libxml-twig-perl
     libxml-xpathengine-perl linux-libc-dev make manpages-dev node-abbrev node-ajv node-ansi node-ansi-align
     node-ansi-regex node-ansi-styles node-ansistyles node-aproba node-archy node-are-we-there-yet node-asap node-asn1
     node-assert-plus node-asynckit node-aws-sign2 node-aws4 node-balanced-match node-bcrypt-pbkdf node-bl node-bluebird
     node-boxen node-brace-expansion node-builtin-modules node-builtins node-cacache node-call-limit node-camelcase
     node-caseless node-chalk node-chownr node-ci-info node-cli-boxes node-cliui node-clone node-co node-color-convert
     node-color-name node-colors node-columnify node-combined-stream node-concat-map node-concat-stream node-config-chain
     node-configstore node-console-control-strings node-copy-concurrently node-core-util-is node-cross-spawn
     node-crypto-random-string node-cyclist node-dashdash node-debug node-decamelize node-decompress-response
     node-deep-extend node-defaults node-define-properties node-delayed-stream node-delegates node-detect-indent
     node-detect-newline node-dot-prop node-duplexer3 node-duplexify node-ecc-jsbn node-editor node-encoding
     node-end-of-stream node-err-code node-errno node-es6-promise node-escape-string-regexp node-execa node-extend
     node-extsprintf node-fast-deep-equal node-find-up node-flush-write-stream node-forever-agent node-form-data
     node-from2 node-fs-vacuum node-fs-write-stream-atomic node-fs.realpath node-function-bind node-gauge node-genfun
     node-get-caller-file node-get-stream node-getpass node-glob node-got node-graceful-fs node-gyp node-har-schema
     node-har-validator node-has-flag node-has-symbol-support-x node-has-to-string-tag-x node-has-unicode
     node-hosted-git-info node-http-signature node-iconv-lite node-iferr node-import-lazy node-imurmurhash node-inflight
     node-inherits node-ini node-invert-kv node-ip node-ip-regex node-is-npm node-is-obj node-is-object
     node-is-path-inside node-is-plain-obj node-is-retry-allowed node-is-stream node-is-typedarray node-isarray
     node-isexe node-isstream node-isurl node-jsbn node-json-parse-better-errors node-json-schema
     node-json-schema-traverse node-json-stable-stringify node-json-stringify-safe node-jsonify node-jsonparse
     node-jsonstream node-jsprim node-latest-version node-lazy-property node-lcid node-libnpx node-locate-path
     node-lockfile node-lodash node-lodash-packages node-lowercase-keys node-lru-cache node-make-dir node-mem node-mime
     node-mime-types node-mimic-fn node-mimic-response node-minimatch node-minimist node-mississippi node-mkdirp
     node-move-concurrently node-ms node-mute-stream node-nopt node-normalize-package-data node-npm-bundled
     node-npm-package-arg node-npm-run-path node-npmlog node-number-is-nan node-oauth-sign node-object-assign node-once
     node-opener node-os-locale node-os-tmpdir node-osenv node-p-cancelable node-p-finally node-p-is-promise node-p-limit
     node-p-locate node-p-timeout node-package-json node-parallel-transform node-path-exists node-path-is-absolute
     node-path-is-inside node-performance-now node-pify node-prepend-http node-process-nextick-args node-promise-inflight
     node-promise-retry node-promzard node-proto-list node-prr node-pseudomap node-psl node-pump node-pumpify
     node-punycode node-qs node-qw node-rc node-read node-read-package-json node-readable-stream node-registry-auth-token
     node-registry-url node-request node-require-directory node-require-main-filename node-resolve node-resolve-from
     node-retry node-rimraf node-run-queue node-safe-buffer node-semver node-semver-diff node-set-blocking node-sha
     node-shebang-command node-shebang-regex node-signal-exit node-slash node-slide node-sorted-object node-spdx-correct
     node-spdx-exceptions node-spdx-expression-parse node-spdx-license-ids node-sshpk node-ssri node-stream-each
     node-stream-iterate node-stream-shift node-strict-uri-encode node-string-decoder node-string-width node-strip-ansi
     node-strip-eof node-strip-json-comments node-supports-color node-tar node-term-size node-text-table node-through
     node-through2 node-timed-out node-tough-cookie node-tunnel-agent node-tweetnacl node-typedarray
     node-typedarray-to-buffer node-uid-number node-unique-filename node-unique-string node-unpipe node-uri-js
     node-url-parse-lax node-url-to-options node-util-deprecate node-uuid node-validate-npm-package-license
     node-validate-npm-package-name node-verror node-wcwidth.js node-which node-which-module node-wide-align
     node-widest-line node-wrap-ansi node-wrappy node-write-file-atomic node-xdg-basedir node-xtend node-y18n
     node-yallist node-yargs node-yargs-parser nodejs nodejs-doc npm perl-openssl-defaults python-pkg-resources python2
     python2-minimal python2.7 python2.7-minimal x11-xserver-utils xdg-utils
   0 upgraded, 382 newly installed, 0 to remove and 23 not upgraded.
   Need to get 59.1 MB of archives.
   After this operation, 267 MB of additional disk space will be used.
   使用npm config set命令

   npm config set registry https://registry.npm.taobao.org
   npm config set cache="/mnt/d/Program_Files/node_cache"
   npm config set prefix="/mnt/d/Program_Files/npm/node_modules"

   设置registry、cache和prefix。此时metrics-registry = "https://registry.npm.taobao.org/"。使用

   npm install -g npm

   更新npm。

7. 执行

   sudo apt install golang

   安装golang：
   The following NEW packages will be installed:
     binutils binutils-common binutils-x86-64-linux-gnu cpp cpp-9 g++ g++-9 gcc gcc-9 gcc-9-base golang golang-1.13
     golang-1.13-doc golang-1.13-go golang-1.13-race-detector-runtime golang-1.13-src golang-doc golang-go
     golang-race-detector-runtime golang-src libasan5 libatomic1 libbinutils libc-dev-bin libc6-dev libcc1-0 libcrypt-dev
     libctf-nobfd0 libctf0 libdpkg-perl libfile-fcntllock-perl libgcc-9-dev libgomp1 libisl22 libitm1 liblsan0 libmpc3
     libquadmath0 libstdc++-9-dev libtsan0 libubsan1 linux-libc-dev manpages-dev pkg-config
   0 upgraded, 44 newly installed, 0 to remove and 23 not upgraded.
   Need to get 102 MB of archives.
   After this operation, 501 MB of additional disk space will be used.

8. 执行

   curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh

   安装Rust。

9. 执行

   sudo apt install zsh

   安装ZSH。然后根据https://ohmyz.sh/安装oh-my-zsh。

10. 配置.zshrc：

    export ZSH="/home/ayka_tsuzuki/.oh-my-zsh"
    export PATH=$HOME/bin:/usr/local/bin:$PATH
    export PATH=$HOME/.local/bin:/usr/local/bin:$PATH
    export RUSTUP_IO_THREADS=1
    ZSH_THEME="agnoster_wsl"
    ZSH_DISABLE_COMPFIX="true
    plugins=(git zsh-syntax-highlighting zsh-autosuggestions)
    source $ZSH/oh-my-zsh.sh
    . "/home/ayka_tsuzuki/.local/share/lscolors.sh"
    DEFAULT_USER="ayka_tsuzuki"
    eval `dircolors ~/dircolors.256dark
    export http_proxy=http://127.0.0.1:11000
    export https_proxy=http://127.0.0.1:11000
    export ftp_proxy=http://127.0.0.1:11000
    # eval "$(starship init zsh)"
    SSH_ENV="$HOME/.ssh/environment"
    function start_agent {
            echo "Initialising new SSH agent..."
            /usr/bin/ssh-agent | sed 's/^echo/#echo/' > "${SSH_ENV}"
            echo succeeded
            chmod 600 "${SSH_ENV}"
            . "${SSH_ENV}" > /dev/null
            /usr/bin/ssh-add;
    }
    if [ -f "${SSH_ENV}" ]; then
            . "${SSH_ENV}" > /dev/null
            ps -ef | grep ${SSH_AGENT_PID} | grep ssh-agent$ > /dev/null || {
            start_agent;
            }
    else
            start_agent;
    fi
    trap 'test -n "$SSH_AGENT_PID" && eval `/usr/bin/ssh-agent -k`' 0

    其中安装插件zsh-autosuggestions步骤参考https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-autosuggestions/blob/master/INSTALL.md：在$ZSH_CUSTOM/plugins（默认为~/.oh-my-zsh/custom/plugins）目录下执行

    git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-autosuggestions ${ZSH_CUSTOM:-~/.oh-my-zsh/custom}/plugins/zsh-autosuggestions

    安装插件zsh-syntax-highlighting步骤参考https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-syntax-highlighting/blob/master/INSTALL.md：在$ZSH_CUSTOM/plugins（默认为~/.oh-my-zsh/custom/plugins）目录下执行

    git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-syntax-highlighting.git ${ZSH_CUSTOM:-~/.oh-my-zsh/custom}/plugins/zsh-syntax-highlighting

    安装Starship参考WSL Ubuntu使用Cargo安装Starship。
    使用自定义主题：

    cp ~/.oh-my-zsh/theme/agnoster.zsh-theme ~/.oh-my-zsh/custom/theme/agnoster_wsl.zsh-theme
    vim ~/.oh-my-zsh/custom/theme/agnoster_wsl.zsh-theme

    将

    prompt_dir() {
      prompt_segment blue $CURRENT_FG '%~'
    }

    blue改为0.75。参考WSL 使用 oh-my-zsh 让终端更美 Edwinpanzzz。

11. （可选）Windows Terminal配置：settings.json中的"profiles"下的"list"下添加

    {
        "guid": "{2c4de342-38b7-51cf-b940-2309a097f518}",
        "name": "Ubuntu",
        "source": "Windows.Terminal.Wsl"
    }

    （可选）Fluent Terminal设置：配置文件->新建。名称：WSL；可执行程序位置：C:\windows\system32\wsl.exe；环境变量：TERM xterm-256color。该设置为默认设置。
    （可选）ConEmu配置：参考GitHub ConEmu/ConEmu.github.io库Issue #45 Failed to run WSL on ConEmu。