android aidl（android studio）

1.aidl service端

1)创建aidl文件

New--->AIDL--->AIDL file

就会生成一个IPerson.aidl文件

 

// IPerson.aidl
package com.example.aidlserverdemo;

// Declare any non-default types here with import statements

interface IPerson {
    void setAge(int age);
    void setName(String name);
    String display();
}

2)aidl文件编写完毕之后，需要Build--->Make Module 'aidlserverdemo'，生成相应的java文件。

 IPerson.java文件目录如下：

 

3)aidl接口的实现类（IPersonImpl）

package com.example.aidlserverdemo;

import android.os.RemoteException;

public class IPersonImpl extends IPerson.Stub {

    // 声明两个变量
    private int age;
    private String name;

    @Override
    public void setAge(int age) throws RemoteException {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public void setName(String name) throws RemoteException {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String display() throws RemoteException {
        return "name:zzz;age=18";
    }
}

4）MyRemoteService

package com.example.aidlserverdemo;

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.IBinder;

public class MyRemoteService extends Service {

    // 声明IPerson接口
    private Binder iPerson;


    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        if (iPerson == null) {
            iPerson = new IPersonImpl();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return iPerson;
    }

}

5）AndroidManifest.xml

        <service
            android:name=".MyRemoteService"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:exported="true">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="com.example.aidlserverdemo.MyRemoteService" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
            </intent-filter>
        </service>

 

6)开启服务

注意这里有两个坑，第一个就是Intent的action一定要写AndroidManifest.xml里面service的action；

package com.example.aidlserverdemo;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        Intent intent = new Intent();
        // 设置Intent的Action 属性
        intent.setAction("com.example.aidlserverdemo.MyRemoteService");

        Intent finalIntent = IntentUtils.createExplicitFromImplicitIntent(this, intent);
        // 绑定服务
        startService(finalIntent);
    }
}

第二个坑就是需要将隐式的intent转变为显示的intent

package com.example.aidlserverdemo;

import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.content.pm.ResolveInfo;

import java.util.List;

public class IntentUtils {

    /***
     * Android L (lollipop, API 21) introduced a new problem when trying to invoke implicit intent,
     * "java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Service Intent must be explicit"
     *
     * If you are using an implicit intent, and know only 1 target would answer this intent,
     * This method will help you turn the implicit intent into the explicit form.
     *
     * Inspired from SO answer: http://stackoverflow.com/a/26318757/1446466
     * @param context
     * @param implicitIntent - The original implicit intent
     * @return Explicit Intent created from the implicit original intent
     */
    public static Intent createExplicitFromImplicitIntent(Context context, Intent implicitIntent) {
        // Retrieve all services that can match the given intent
        PackageManager pm = context.getPackageManager();
        List<ResolveInfo> resolveInfo = pm.queryIntentServices(implicitIntent, 0);

        // Make sure only one match was found
        if (resolveInfo == null || resolveInfo.size() != 1) {
            return null;
        }

        // Get component info and create ComponentName
        ResolveInfo serviceInfo = resolveInfo.get(0);
        String packageName = serviceInfo.serviceInfo.packageName;
        String className = serviceInfo.serviceInfo.name;
        ComponentName component = new ComponentName(packageName, className);

        // Create a new intent. Use the old one for extras and such reuse
        Intent explicitIntent = new Intent(implicitIntent);

        // Set the component to be explicit
        explicitIntent.setComponent(component);

        return explicitIntent;
    }

}

然后将service端运行开启，因为client是基于service的，一定要开启。

2.aidl client端

1.IPerson.aidl

把服务端的IPerson.aidl拷贝过来，并执行Build--->Make Module 'aidlserverdemo'

1)创建ServiceConnection对象

    // 实例化ServiceConnection
    private ServiceConnection conn = new ServiceConnection() {
        @Override
        synchronized public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
            Log.d("MainActivity","onServiceConnected()---------->");
            // 获得IPerson接口
            iPerson = IPerson.Stub.asInterface(service);
            Log.d("MainActivity","iperson----------:" + iPerson);
        }

        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
            Log.d("MainActivity","onServiceDisconnected()---------->");
            iPerson = null;
        }
    };

2)绑定

注意这里也有坑，必须加上package和action，package是服务端的包名，action是上面service的action。

        Intent intent = new Intent();
        //在5.0及以上版本必须要加上这个
        intent.setPackage("com.example.aidlserverdemo");
        intent.setAction("com.example.aidlserverdemo.MyRemoteService");//这个是上面service的action
        bindService(intent, conn, Service.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);

 3)调用

        btn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                try {
                    String msg = iPerson.display();
                    // 显示方法调用返回值
                    Log.d("MainActivity", "msg====>" + msg);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    Log.d("MainActivity", "e====>" + e);
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        });

4）解绑

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        if (conn != null) {
            unbindService(conn);
        }
        super.onDestroy();
    }

5）运行结果：

2020-07-02 09:56:20.461 9151-9151/com.example.aidlclientdemo D/MainActivity: msg====>name:zzz;age=18