python pandas处理大数据节省内存的方法

python pandas处理大数据节省内存的方法

• 数值类型的列进行降级处理
• 字符串类型的列转化为类别类型（category）
• 字符串类型的列的类别数超过总行数的一半时，建议使用object类型

'''
减少内存的使用
'''
def reduce_mem_usage(df, verbose=True):
    numerics = ['int16', 'int32', 'int64', 'float16', 'float32', 'float64', 'object']
    start_mem = df.memory_usage().sum() / 1024**2    
    if verbose:print "Memory usage of the dataframe before converted is :", start_mem, "MB"
    # print dataset.isnull().any()
    for col in df.columns:
        col_type = df[col].dtypes
        if col_type in numerics:
            c_min = df[col].min()
            c_max = df[col].max()
            if str(col_type)[:3] == 'int':
                if c_min > np.iinfo(np.int8).min and c_max < np.iinfo(np.int8).max:
                    df[col] = df[col].astype(np.int8)
                elif c_min > np.iinfo(np.int16).min and c_max < np.iinfo(np.int16).max:
                    df[col] = df[col].astype(np.int16)
                elif c_min > np.iinfo(np.int32).min and c_max < np.iinfo(np.int32).max:
                    df[col] = df[col].astype(np.int32)
                elif c_min > np.iinfo(np.int64).min and c_max < np.iinfo(np.int64).max:
                    df[col] = df[col].astype(np.int64)  
            elif str(col_type)[:5] == 'float':
                if c_min > np.finfo(np.float16).min and c_max < np.finfo(np.float16).max:
                    df[col] = df[col].astype(np.float16)
                elif c_min > np.finfo(np.float32).min and c_max < np.finfo(np.float32).max:
                    df[col] = df[col].astype(np.float32)
                else:
                    df[col] = df[col].astype(np.float64)
            else:
                num_unique_values = len(df[col].unique())
                num_total_values = len(df[col])
                rate = num_unique_values/num_total_values
                #rate = df[col].value_counts(normalize=True, dropna=False).values[0]
                if rate <0.5:
                    df[col] = df[col].astype('category')
    end_mem = df.memory_usage().sum() / 1024**2
    if verbose:print "Memory usage of the dataframe after converted is :", end_mem, "MB"
    if verbose: print('Mem. usage decreased to {:5.2f} Mb ({:.1f}% reduction)'.format(end_mem, 100 * (start_mem - end_mem) / start_mem))
    return df, ditc(df.types)

参考

https://blog.csdn.net/weiyongle1996/article/details/78498603

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_34739497/article/details/79600479