RSA加密解密

RSA加密解密

RSA是一种非对称加密算法。现在，很多登陆表单的密码的都采用RSA加密，例如京东中的登陆使用公钥对密码进行加密。

以下为Java程序：

使用RSA一般需要产生公钥和私钥，当采用公钥加密时，使用私钥解密；采用私钥加密时，使用公钥解密。

package com.czxy.rsa;

import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;

import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import java.security.*;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @author mayingwen@itcast.cn
 * @date 2020/8/14
 * @Version 1.0
 */
public class RSAEncrypt {
    //定义用于封装随机产生的公钥和私钥
    private static Map<Integer, String> keyMap = new HashMap<Integer, String>();

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //1.生成公钥和私钥
        genKeyPair();
        //2.加密字符串
        String str = "myw1206";
        System.out.println("随机生成公钥为:" + keyMap.get(0));
        System.out.println("随机生成私钥为:" + keyMap.get(1));
        String strEn = encrypt(str, keyMap.get(0));
        System.out.println("加密后的字符串:" + strEn);
        String strDe = decrypt(strEn, keyMap.get(1));
        System.out.println("解密后的字符串:" + strDe);
    }

    /**
     * RSA私钥解密
     *
     * @param strEn
     * @param privateKey
     * @return
     */
    private static String decrypt(String strEn, String privateKey) throws Exception {
        //1.使用base64为解码加密后的字符串
        byte[] bytes = Base64.decodeBase64(strEn.getBytes("UTF-8"));
        //2.使用base64编码私钥
        byte[] decoded = Base64.decodeBase64(privateKey);
        PrivateKey priKey = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA").generatePrivate(new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(decoded));
        //3.使用RSA解密
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, priKey);
        String outStr = new String(cipher.doFinal(bytes));
        return outStr;
    }

    /**
     * RSA公钥加密
     *
     * @param str
     * @param publicKey
     * @return
     */
    private static String encrypt(String str, String publicKey) throws Exception {
        //1.生成base64编码的公钥
        byte[] decoded = Base64.decodeBase64(publicKey);
        PublicKey pubKey = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA").generatePublic(new X509EncodedKeySpec(decoded));
        //2.使用RAS加密
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, pubKey);
        String outStr = Base64.encodeBase64String(cipher.doFinal(str.getBytes("UTF-8")));
        return outStr;
    }

    /**
     * 随机生成公钥和私钥
     */
    private static void genKeyPair() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
        //1.基于RSA算法生成对象
        KeyPairGenerator keyPairGenerator = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");
        //2.初始化密钥生成器
        keyPairGenerator.initialize(1024, new SecureRandom());
        //3.生成一个密钥对,保存到keyPair中
        KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGenerator.generateKeyPair();
        //4.得到私钥
        RSAPrivateKey privateKey = (RSAPrivateKey) keyPair.getPrivate();
        //5.得到公钥
        RSAPublicKey publicKey = (RSAPublicKey) keyPair.getPublic();
        //6.得到公钥字符串
        String publicKeyString = new String(Base64.encodeBase64(publicKey.getEncoded()));
        //7.得到私钥字符串
        String privateKeyString = new String(Base64.encodeBase64(privateKey.getEncoded()));
        //8.将公钥和私钥保存到Map中
        keyMap.put(0, publicKeyString);
        keyMap.put(1, privateKeyString);
    }
}