Linux服务器安装mysql

下载：

wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

解压：
tar -xzvf mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

4、创建mysql用户组和mysql用户

groupadd mysql

useradd -r -g mysql mysql

5、关联myql用户到mysql用户组中:

chown -R mysql:mysql /home/softMysql/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/

chown -R mysql:mysql /home/dataMysql/

chown -R mysql /home/softMysql/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/

chown -R mysql /home/dataMysql/

6、更改mysql安装文件夹mysql/的权限

chmod -R 755
/softMysql/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/

7、安装libaio依赖包，由于我买的腾讯云服务器centos系统自带的有这个依赖包所以不需要安装，不过自带的依赖包会报错，后面介绍解决办法

查询是否暗转libaio依赖包

#yum search libaio

如果没安装，可以用下面命令安装

#yum install libaio

8,初始化mysql命令

cd /home/softMysql/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin

./mysqld
–user=mysql --basedir=/home/softMysql/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 --datadir=/home/dataMysql/ --initialize

在执行上面命令时特别要注意一行内容

[Note] A temporary password is
generated for root@localhost: ,c5Upuop.rDQ

root@localhost: 后面跟的是mysql数据库登录的临时密码，各人安装生成的临时密码不一样

9、启动mysql服务

sh /home/softMysql/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/support-files/mysql.server start

上面启动mysql服务命令是会报错的，因为没有修改mysql的配置文件，报错内容大致如下：

/home/softMysql/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/support-files/mysql.server:
line 239: my_print_defaults: command not found

/home/softMysql/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/support-files/mysql.server:
line 259: cd: /usr/local/mysql: No such file or directory

Starting MySQLCouldn’t find MySQL
server (/usr/local/mysql/[FAILED]ld_safe)

10、修改Mysql配置文件

vim /home/softMysql/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/support-files/mysql.server

修改路径

#cp /home/softMysql/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

#chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld

11、修改my.cnf文件

#vi /etc/my.cnf

将下面内容复制替换当前的my.cnf文件中的内容

[client]
no-beep
socket =/home/softMysql/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/mysql.sock
#pipe
#socket=0.0
port=3306
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
basedir=/home/softMysql/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
datadir=/home/dataMysql
port=3306
pid-file=/home/softMysql/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/mysqld.pid
#skip-grant-tables
skip-name-resolve
socket =/home/softMysql/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/mysql.sock
character-set-server=utf8
default-storage-engine=INNODB
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true
#Server Id.
server-id=1
max_connections=2000
query_cache_size=0
table_open_cache=2000
tmp_table_size=246M
thread_cache_size=300
#限定用于每个数据库线程的栈大小。默认设置足以满足大多数应用
thread_stack = 192k
key_buffer_size=512M
read_buffer_size=4M
read_rnd_buffer_size=32M
innodb_data_home_dir = /home/dataMysql
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=0
innodb_log_buffer_size=16M
innodb_buffer_pool_size=256M
innodb_log_file_size=128M
innodb_thread_concurrency=128
innodb_autoextend_increment=1000
innodb_buffer_pool_instances=8
innodb_concurrency_tickets=5000
innodb_old_blocks_time=1000
innodb_open_files=300
innodb_stats_on_metadata=0
innodb_file_per_table=1
innodb_checksum_algorithm=0
back_log=80
flush_time=0
join_buffer_size=128M
max_allowed_packet=1024M
max_connect_errors=2000
open_files_limit=4161
query_cache_type=0
sort_buffer_size=32M
table_definition_cache=1400
binlog_row_event_max_size=8K
sync_master_info=10000
sync_relay_log=10000
sync_relay_log_info=10000
#批量插入数据缓存大小，可以有效提高插入效率，默认为8M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
interactive_timeout = 120
wait_timeout = 120
log-bin-trust-function-creators=1
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

#include all files from the config directory

!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d

12、启动mysql

#/etc/init.d/mysqld start

新版本的安装包会报错，错误内容如下：
Starting MySQL.Logging to
‘/data/mysql/SZY.err’.
2018-07-02T10:09:03.779928Z
mysqld_safe The file /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld
does not exist or is not
executable. Please cd to the mysql installation
directory and restart this script
from there as follows:
./bin/mysqld_safe&
See http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/mysqld-safe.html
for more information
ERROR! The server quit without
updating PID file (/software/mysql/mysqld.pid).

因为新版本的mysql安全启动安装包只认/usr/local/mysql这个路径。
解决办法：
方法1、建立软连接
例
#cd /usr/local/mysql
#ln -s /sofware/mysql/bin/myslqd mysqld
方法2、修改mysqld_safe文件（有强迫症的同学建议这种，我用的这种）
#vim/software/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
将所有的/usr/local/mysql改为/software/mysql
保存退出。（可以将这个文件拷出来再修改然后替换）

13、登录mysql
/home/softMysql/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql -u root –p

14、输入临时密码。临时密码就是第8条root@localhost:后面的内容

15、修改mysql的登录密码

mysql set
password=password(‘123456’);
mysql grant all
privileges on . to root@’%’ identified by ‘root’;
mysql flush privileges;

16、完成，此时mysql的登录名root 登录密码123456

---

如果远程授权：

mysql -u root -p
mysql;use
mysql;
mysql;select ‘host’ from user where user=‘root’;
mysql;update user set host = ‘%’ where user =‘root’;
mysql;flush privileges;
mysql;select ‘host’ from user where user=‘root’;
第一句是以权限用户root登录
第二句：选择mysql库
第三句：查看mysql库中的user表的host值（即可进行连接访问的主机/IP名称）
第四句：修改host值（以通配符%的内容增加主机/IP地址），当然也可以直接增加IP地址
第五句：刷新MySQL的系统权限相关表
第六句：再重新查看user表时，有修改。。
进行授权
如果想root用户使用password从任何主机连接到mysql服务器的话。
GRANT ALL
PRIVILEGES ON . TO ‘root’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘123456’
WITH GRANT OPTION;

重启mysql服务
service mysqld restart