Linux内核中提供了timer使用的API,做一个简单的记要。
1. 包含的头文件:linux/timer.h
2. 数据类型:struct timer_list;
包含的主要成员:
a. data:传递到超时处理函数的参数,主要在多个定时器同时使用时,区别是哪个timer超时。
b. expires:定时器超时的时间,以linux的jiffies来衡量。
c. void (*function)(unsigned long):定时器超时处理函数。
3. 主要相关的API函数:
a. init_timer(struct timer_list*):定时器初始化函数;
b. add_timer(struct timer_list*):往系统添加定时器;
c. mod_timer(struct timer_list *, unsigned long jiffier_timerout):修改定时器的超时时间为jiffies_timerout;
d. timer_pending(struct timer_list *):定时器状态查询,如果在系统的定时器列表中则返回1,否则返回0;
e. del_timer(struct timer_list*):删除定时器。
4. 时间与jiffies的转换函数:
Linux系统中的jiffies类似于Windows里面的TickCount,它是定义在内核里面的一个全局变量,只是它的单位并不是秒或是毫秒。通常是250个jiffies为一秒,在内核里面可以直接使用宏定义:HZ。这里有几个时间和jiffies的相互转换函数:
unsigned int jiffies_to_msecs(unsigned long);
unsigned int jiffies_to_usecs(unsigned long);
unsigned long msecs_to_jiffies(unsigned int);
unsigned long usecs_to_jiffies(unsigned int);
5. 使用简例:
1,
步骤:init_timer->[timer.expires=? & timer.function=?]->add_timer->[mod_timer]->del_timer.
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/timer.h>
struct timer_list timer;
void timer_handler(unsigned long data) {
printk(KERN_INFO"timer pending:%d\n", timer_pending(&timer));
mod_timer(&timer, jiffies+msecs_to_jiffies(1000));
printk(KERN_INFO"jiffies:%ld, data:%ld\n", jiffies, data);
}
int timer_init(void) {
printk(KERN_INFO"%s jiffies:%ld\n", __func__, jiffies);
printk(KERN_INFO"ji:%d,HZ:%d\n", jiffies_to_msecs(250), HZ);
init_timer(&timer);
timer.data = 45;
timer.function = timer_handler;
timer.expires = jiffies + HZ;
add_timer(&timer);
printk(KERN_INFO"timer pending:%d\n", timer_pending(&timer));
return 0;
}
void timer_exit(void) {
printk(KERN_INFO"%s jiffies:%ld\n", __func__, jiffies);
del_timer(&timer);
}
module_init(timer_init);
module_exit(timer_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
</pre><pre code_snippet_id="1847837" snippet_file_name="blog_20160824_1_713948" name="code" class="cpp"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">2,</span>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">#include <linux/nfs_fs_sb.h></span>
#include <linux/nfs_mount.h>
#include "do_mounts.h"
extern void kernel_restart(char *cmd);
static void nfs_mount_timeout()
{
kernel_restart("nfs mount faiure");
}
/*
* init and start nfs mount timer
*/
init_timer(&nfs_mount_timer);
nfs_mount_timer.function = &nfs_mount_timeout;
nfs_mount_timer.expires = jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(NFSROOT_MOUNT_SECONDS * 1000);
add_timer(&nfs_mount_timer);
for (;;) {
err = do_mount_root(root_dev, "nfs", root_mountflags, root_data);
if (err == 0) {
del_timer(&nfs_mount_timer);
return 1; /* nfs mount success */
}
printk(KERN_WARNING "nfs mount faiure before timeout, err=%d\n", err);
/* Wait 1 second, in case the server refused us immediately */
ssleep(1);
}