web项目验证码思路:
1.随机生成图片验证码。
2.获取验证码图片、文本,并存放。
3.获取文本框输入的验证码文本。并比较图片上的文本,判断。
具体实现如下:
1、随机生成验证码的工具类:
public class VerifyCode {
private int w = 70;
private int h = 35;
private Random r = new Random();
// 定义有那些字体
private String[] fontNames = { "宋体", "华文楷体", "黑体", "微软雅黑", "楷体_GB2312" };
// 定义有那些验证码的随机字符
private String codes = "23456789abcdefghjkmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
// 生成背景色
private Color bgColor = new Color(250, 250, 250);
// 用于gettext 方法 获得生成的验证码文本
private String text;
// 生成随机颜色
private Color randomColor() {
int red = r.nextInt(150);
int green = r.nextInt(150);
int blue = r.nextInt(150);
return new Color(red, green, blue);
}
// 生成随机字体
private Font randomFont() {
int index = r.nextInt(fontNames.length);
String fontName = fontNames[index];
int style = r.nextInt(4);
int size = r.nextInt(5) + 24;
return new Font(fontName, style, size);
}
// 画干扰线
private void drawLine(BufferedImage image) {
int num = 3;
Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();
for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
int x1 = r.nextInt(w);
int y1 = r.nextInt(h);
int x2 = r.nextInt(w);
int y2 = r.nextInt(h);
g2.setStroke(new BasicStroke(1.5F));// 不知道
g2.setColor(Color.blue);
g2.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2);
}
}
// 得到codes的长度内的随机数 并使用charAt 取得随机数位置上的codes中的字符
private char randomChar() {
int index = r.nextInt(codes.length());
return codes.charAt(index);
}
// 创建一张验证码的图片
public BufferedImage createImage() {
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(w, h,
BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
// 向图中画四个字符
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
String s = randomChar() + "";
sb.append(s);
float x = i * 1.0F * w / 4;
g2.setFont(randomFont());
g2.setColor(randomColor());
g2.drawString(s, x, h - 5);
}
this.text = sb.toString();
drawLine(image);
// 返回图片
return image;
}
// 得到验证码的文本 后面是用来和用户输入的验证码 检测用
public String getText() {
return text;
}
// 定义输出的对象和输出的方向
public static void output(BufferedImage bi, OutputStream fos)
throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
ImageIO.write(bi, "JPEG", fos);
}
}
2 .获取验证码图片、文本,并存放到session中
public class VerifyCodeServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//创建验证码对象
VerifyCode vc= new VerifyCode();
//创建验证码图片
BufferedImage image = vc.createImage();
//创建验证码文本
String text = vc.getText();
//用session保存验证码文本
HttpSession session = req.getSession();
session.setAttribute("text",text);
//把图片和文本输出到页面
vc.output(image,resp.getOutputStream());
}
}
3**. .获取文本框输入的验证码文本**
public class RegisterServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
String tcode = req.getParameter("tcode");
HttpSession session = req.getSession();
String text = (String)session.getAttribute("text");
String msg="";
if (tcode.equalsIgnoreCase(text)){
msg="验证码正确!";
}else {
msg="验证码错误!";
}
resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
resp.getWriter().println(msg);
}
}
html的页面请求代码:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>注册页面并验证</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/verifyCode/regServlet">
<input type="text" name="tcode" value="">
<img id="icode" src="/verifyCode/vc">
<a href="javascript:change()">看不清,我想换一张</a><br/>
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
<script type="text/javascript">
function change() {
var icode = document.getElementById("icode");
icode.src="/verifyCode/vc?"+new Date().getTime();
}
</script>
</html>
web.xml中注册servlet
<servlet>
<servlet-name>VerifyCodeServletVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.whxh.verifyCode.VerifyCodeServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>VerifyCodeServletVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/vc</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>VerifyCodeServletReg</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.whxh.verifyCode.RegisterServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>VerifyCodeServletReg</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/regServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>