python：列表list和元组tuple

列表和元组都可以当成普通“数组”，列表和元组可以存储不同类型的对象

列表中元素用"[ ]"中括号，里面元素可以修改；元组中元素用"()"小括号初始化后不能修改，元组可以看成是只读的列表。

通过切片运算【】和【：】可以得到子集，和字符串使用方法一样。

the_list.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# the_list.py
classmates = ['Michael', 'Bob', 'Tracy']
print('classmates =', classmates)
print('len(classmates) =', len(classmates))
print('classmates[0] =', classmates[0])
print('classmates[1] =', classmates[1])
print('classmates[2] =', classmates[2])
print('classmates[-1] =', classmates[-1])
classmates.pop()
print('classmates =', classmates)

打印结果为

classmates = ['Michael', 'Bob', 'Tracy']
len(classmates) = 3
classmates[0] = Michael
classmates[1] = Bob
classmates[2] = Tracy
classmates[-1] = Tracy
classmates = ['Michael', 'Bob']

------------------------------------------------------------------

the_tuple.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

classmates = ('Michael', 'Bob', 'Tracy')
print('classmates =', classmates)
print('len(classmates) =', len(classmates))
print('classmates[0] =', classmates[0])
print('classmates[1] =', classmates[1])
print('classmates[2] =', classmates[2])
print('classmates[-1] =', classmates[-1])

# cannot modify tuple:
classmates[0] = 'Adam' #这行会报错，由于元组中的元素不能修改

打印结果为

classmates = ('Michael', 'Bob', 'Tracy')
len(classmates) = 3
classmates[0] = Michael
classmates[1] = Bob
classmates[2] = Tracy
classmates[-1] = Tracy